Exam 16: The Digestive System

Vitamin D can be produced by the ____________________ upon exposure to sunlight.

Insulin secretion is decreased and glucagon secretion is increased in response to a fall in blood glucose concentration.

Match the sources, labelled a. through i, with the hormones. (Options may be used more than once or not at all.) a.alpha cells of islets of Langerhans in the pancreas b.beta cells of islets of Langerhans in the pancreas c.anterior pituitary d.hypothalamus e.adrenal cortex f.adrenal medulla g.parathyroid gland h.thyroid gland i.skin -cortisol

Match the sources, labelled a. through i, with the hormones. (Options may be used more than once or not at all.) a.alpha cells of islets of Langerhans in the pancreas b.beta cells of islets of Langerhans in the pancreas c.anterior pituitary d.hypothalamus e.adrenal cortex f.adrenal medulla g.parathyroid gland h.thyroid gland i.skin -thyroid-stimulating hormone

Insulin is secreted by the alpha cells of the islets of Langerhans.

In people who work during the day, cortisol levels in the plasma are normally higher in the morning than at night.

Match the biochemical processes, labelled a. through e., with their features. (Options may be used more than once or not at all.) a.gluconeogenesis b.glycogenesis c.glycogenolysis d.both gluconeogenesis and glycogenolysis e.all of these answers -decreases the blood glucose concentration

The thyroid gland stores enough thyroid hormone to supply the body's needs for several months.

Insulin and glucagon secretion are both stimulated by an increase in blood amino acid concentration.

Using the letter code, indicate the metabolic effects of each of the hormones below. (Options may be used more than once or not at all.) a. increases b. decreases c. has no effect on Insulin _____ blood glucose _____ blood fatty acids _____ blood amino acids _____ muscle protein Glucagon _____ blood glucose _____ blood fatty acids _____ blood amino acids _____ muscle protein Epinephrine _____ blood glucose _____ blood fatty acids _____ blood amino acids _____ muscle protein Cortisol _____ blood glucose _____ blood fatty acids _____ blood amino acids _____ muscle protein Growth hormone _____ blood glucose _____ blood fatty acids _____ blood amino acids _____ muscle protein

Once a structural protein is synthesized, it remains a part of the cell for the duration of the cell's life.

Match the hormone abnormalities, labelled a. through n., with the symptoms listed. (Options may be used more than once or not at all.) a.catecholamine excess b.catecholamine deficiency c.mineralocorticoid excess d.glucocorticoid excess e.mineralocorticoid glucocorticoid deficiency f.adrenal androgen excess in adult women g.adrenal androgen excess in prepubertal boys h.adrenal androgen excess before birth in females i.parathyroid hormone deficiency j.parathyroid hormone excess k.vitamin D deficiency l.vitamin D excess m.insulin deficiency n.insulin excess -high blood pressure, rapid heart rate, excessive sweating, high blood glucose infants

What is the most abundant and physiologically important adrenal sex hormone?

Thyroid-stimulating immunoglobulin stimulates both the secretion and growth of the thyroid similar to TSH.

_____________________ is the hormone that causes glycogenolysis in response to decreasing blood sugar levels.

Vitamin D is actually a hormone that increases calcium absorption in the intestine.

Which of the following is NOT characteristic of Cushing's syndrome?

Which statement does NOT apply to gluconeogenesis?

Which of these states does NOT occur with untreated diabetes mellitus?

Describe the production and secretion of thyroid hormones.