Exam 2: Cell Physiology

The endoplasmic reticulum is one continuous organelle consisting of many tubules and cisternae.

If a concentration or electrical gradient is present for a given substance, the substance will always passively permeate the membrane.

The axon hillock occurs between the cell body and the axon of a neuron.

A postsynaptic neuron can either excite or inhibit a presynaptic neuron.

____________________ are chemical messengers that bind to neuronal receptors at nonsynaptic sites and alter the effectiveness of ongoing synaptic activity.

The diffusion of potassium ions re-establishes the resting membrane potential in a neuron immediately after it develops an action potential.

____________________ are molecules produced by nerve cells and that bind to nonsynaptic receptors.

A given synapse may produce EPSPs at one time and IPSPs at another time.

Axon terminals possess ____________________ voltage-gated channels that, when operational, induce neurotransmitter release.

Match the terms, labelled a. through i., to their descriptions. (Options may be used more than once or not at all.) a.endoplasmic reticulum (ER) b.Golgi complex c.lysosome d.peroxisome e.mitochondrion f.vault g.free ribosome h.microtubule i.microfilament -removes unwanted cellular debris and foreign material

In active transport, the stomach pumps ____________________ ions into its lumen.

During the resting potential, many potassium channels are open in the plasma membrane.

Which of the following statements is correct for the electron transport chains?

If red blood cells are placed in a ____________________ solution, water enters, causing them to swell.

Which of the following regarding "saltatory conduction" is correct?

An increase in the size of the ____________________ of a nerve fibre increases its rate of conduction.

Match the terms, labelled a. through c., with their characteristics, labelled 1. (Options may be used more than once or not at all.) a.glycolysis b.citric acid cycle c.oxidative phosphorylation -takes place on the inner mitochondrial membrane

Michael is using the electron microscope at the hospital to review the structures of skeletal muscle cells. He notices that the skeletal muscle cells have many nuclei and are loaded with mitochondria. Why is this so?

The resting membrane potential of a typical nerve cell is about ____________________ millivolts.

A change in a membrane potential from +30 mV to -70 mV is an example of _______________.