Question 1

Apoptosis refers to cell death and

Accepted Answer

A)  is always biologically detrimental to an organism. 
B)  can be programmed and is essential to normal development. 
C)  is the accumulation of genetic errors. 
D)  is a failure in the translation or transcription mechanism. 
E)  is any failure of the genetic machinery to work correctly. 
A)  is always biologically detrimental to an organism. 
B)  can be programmed and is essential to normal development. 
C)  is the accumulation of genetic errors. 
D)  is a failure in the translation or transcription mechanism. 
E)  is any failure of the genetic machinery to work correctly.

Question 2

The function of the regulator gene is to

Accepted Answer

A)  code for enzymes in a metabolic pathway. 
B)  serve as an on/off switch for transcription. 
C)  code for a repressor molecule that can bind to the operator. 
D)  bind to the RNA polymerase molecule. 
E)  bind to the promoter. 
A)  code for enzymes in a metabolic pathway. 
B)  serve as an on/off switch for transcription. 
C)  code for a repressor molecule that can bind to the operator. 
D)  bind to the RNA polymerase molecule. 
E)  bind to the promoter.

Question 3

When the sheep Dolly was successfully cloned, it was produced by growing an in vitro fertilized egg where the normal egg nucleus had been removed and replaced by a nucleus from an adult. Since this nucleus was from an older mature animal, which of the following would be a reasonable expectation?

Accepted Answer

A)  The nucleus from the older mature animal would have additional Barr bodies. 
B)  The nucleus from the older mature animal would contain DNA with many mutations. 
C)  The nucleus from the older mature animal would contain chromosomes with shorter telomeres. 
D)  The nucleus from the older mature animal would have chromosomes with longer telomeres. 
E)  The nucleus from the older mature animal would have a higher concentration of mRNA. 
A)  The nucleus from the older mature animal would have additional Barr bodies. 
B)  The nucleus from the older mature animal would contain DNA with many mutations. 
C)  The nucleus from the older mature animal would contain chromosomes with shorter telomeres. 
D)  The nucleus from the older mature animal would have chromosomes with longer telomeres. 
E)  The nucleus from the older mature animal would have a higher concentration of mRNA.

Question 4

The site of translation is the

Accepted Answer

A)  nucleus. 
B)  nucleolus. 
C)  ribosome. 
D)  ribozyme. 
E)  mitochondria. 
A)  nucleus. 
B)  nucleolus. 
C)  ribosome. 
D)  ribozyme. 
E)  mitochondria.

Question 5

An oncogene is

Accepted Answer

A)  a viral gene with no relation to the host cell's genes. 
B)  a mutated form of a proto-oncogene. 
C)  a bacterial gene that causes cancer in the host. 
D)  always seen in human cancer cells. 
E)  a gene that turns off cellular reproduction. 
A)  a viral gene with no relation to the host cell's genes. 
B)  a mutated form of a proto-oncogene. 
C)  a bacterial gene that causes cancer in the host. 
D)  always seen in human cancer cells. 
E)  a gene that turns off cellular reproduction.

Question 6

Which of the following is a frameshift mutation of the nucleotide sequence CATUAUCCC?

Accepted Answer

A)  CATTUAUCCC 
B)  ATUAUCCC 
C)  CTUAUCCC 
D)  CATUAUCGC 
E)  All of the answer choices are frameshift mutations. 
A)  CATTUAUCCC 
B)  ATUAUCCC 
C)  CTUAUCCC 
D)  CATUAUCGC 
E)  All of the answer choices are frameshift mutations.

Question 7

Messenger RNA is produced in the

Accepted Answer

A)  cytoplasm. 
B)  ribosomes. 
C)  nucleus. 
D)  endoplasmic reticulum. 
E)  lysosome. 
A)  cytoplasm. 
B)  ribosomes. 
C)  nucleus. 
D)  endoplasmic reticulum. 
E)  lysosome.

Question 8

What part of a tRNA molecule will base pair with the codon of a mRNA molecule?

Accepted Answer

A)  DNA sequence 
B)  anticodon 
C)  amino acid binding site 
D)  amino acid 
E)  promoter site 
A)  DNA sequence 
B)  anticodon 
C)  amino acid binding site 
D)  amino acid 
E)  promoter site

Question 9

Which of the following processes takes place during transcription?

Accepted Answer

A)  attachment of a ribosome to mRNA 
B)  growth of a polypeptide chain 
C)  binding of two tRNA molecules/ribosome 
D)  liberation of polypeptide from ribosome 
E)  production of mRNA 
A)  attachment of a ribosome to mRNA 
B)  growth of a polypeptide chain 
C)  binding of two tRNA molecules/ribosome 
D)  liberation of polypeptide from ribosome 
E)  production of mRNA

Question 10

Which of the classes of RNA molecules is produced in the nucleolus?

Accepted Answer

A)  ribosomal RNA 
B)  transfer RNA 
C)  messenger RNA 
D)  primary mRNA transcript 
E)  ribozymes 
A)  ribosomal RNA 
B)  transfer RNA 
C)  messenger RNA 
D)  primary mRNA transcript 
E)  ribozymes

Question 11

Initiation, elongation, and termination are three stages in

Accepted Answer

A)  DNA replication. 
B)  error correction by proofreading enzymes. 
C)  mRNA processing. 
D)  translation. 
E)  intron removal. 
A)  DNA replication. 
B)  error correction by proofreading enzymes. 
C)  mRNA processing. 
D)  translation. 
E)  intron removal.

Question 12

Identify the amino acids that would be assembled based upon the following codons: CGG AUA GAC GUA.

Accepted Answer

CGG would code for arginine.
A

Question 13

Which of the following is true about RNA?

Accepted Answer

A)  The structure is a double helix. 
B)  The bases are held together by hydrogen bonds. 
C)  The bases are complementary to each other. 
D)  It contains deoxyribose sugar. 
E)  It is composed of the nucleotides adenine, guanine, cytosine, and uracil. 
A)  The structure is a double helix. 
B)  The bases are held together by hydrogen bonds. 
C)  The bases are complementary to each other. 
D)  It contains deoxyribose sugar. 
E)  It is composed of the nucleotides adenine, guanine, cytosine, and uracil.

Question 14

During translation, which of the following is involved in translation?

Accepted Answer

A)  mRNA 
B)  tRNA 
C)  rRNA 
D)  ribosome 
E)  All of the answer choices are involved in translation. 
A)  mRNA 
B)  tRNA 
C)  rRNA 
D)  ribosome 
E)  All of the answer choices are involved in translation.

Question 15

If the protein coat of a virus that infects a bacterium is labeled with radioactive sulfur while the DNA of the virus is labeled with radioactive phosphorus, over time

Accepted Answer

A)  both the sulfur and the phosphorus will be found within the bacterium. 
B)  only the sulfur will be found inside the bacterium. 
C)  only the phosphorus will be found inside the bacterium. 
D)  both the sulfur and the phosphorus will be found outside the bacterium. 
E)  the radioactivity of the sulfur and phosphorus will decay very quickly and not be detectable. 
A)  both the sulfur and the phosphorus will be found within the bacterium. 
B)  only the sulfur will be found inside the bacterium. 
C)  only the phosphorus will be found inside the bacterium. 
D)  both the sulfur and the phosphorus will be found outside the bacterium. 
E)  the radioactivity of the sulfur and phosphorus will decay very quickly and not be detectable.

Question 16

What are transcription factors?

Accepted Answer

A)  Transcription factors are proteins that help the repressor bind to the operator. 
B)  Transcription factors are proteins that help RNA polymerase bind to the promoter. 
C)  Transcription factors are proteins that help DNA polymerase bind to the promoter. 
D)  Transcription factors are proteins that help helicases bind to the operator. 
E)  Transcription factors are proteins that help the operator bind to the repressor. 
A)  Transcription factors are proteins that help the repressor bind to the operator. 
B)  Transcription factors are proteins that help RNA polymerase bind to the promoter. 
C)  Transcription factors are proteins that help DNA polymerase bind to the promoter. 
D)  Transcription factors are proteins that help helicases bind to the operator. 
E)  Transcription factors are proteins that help the operator bind to the repressor.

Question 17

Transcription of part of a DNA molecule with a nucleotide sequence of AAACAACTT results in a mRNA molecule with the complementary sequence of

Accepted Answer

A)  GGGAGAACC. 
B)  UUUGUUGAA. 
C)  TTTGAAGCC. 
D)  CCCACCTCC. 
E)  AAACAACTT. 
A)  GGGAGAACC. 
B)  UUUGUUGAA. 
C)  TTTGAAGCC. 
D)  CCCACCTCC. 
E)  AAACAACTT.

Question 18

Which of the following is true about oncogenes?

Accepted Answer

A)  Oncogenes are normal genes that have undergone a mutation. 
B)  Oncogenes cause cell division to slow down. 
C)  When mutated, oncogenes turn into proto-oncogenes. 
D)  Oncogenes increase apoptosis in surrounding cells. 
E)  All of the answer choices are true statements about oncogenes. 
A)  Oncogenes are normal genes that have undergone a mutation. 
B)  Oncogenes cause cell division to slow down. 
C)  When mutated, oncogenes turn into proto-oncogenes. 
D)  Oncogenes increase apoptosis in surrounding cells. 
E)  All of the answer choices are true statements about oncogenes.

Question 19

Which of the following occurs when lactose is present in the environment of E. coli?

Accepted Answer

A)  The lac repressor binds to the promoter. 
B)  RNA polymerase binds to the operator. 
C)  No genes are transcribed. 
D)  RNA polymerase binds to the promotor. 
E)  Lactose binds to the promotor. 
A)  The lac repressor binds to the promoter. 
B)  RNA polymerase binds to the operator. 
C)  No genes are transcribed. 
D)  RNA polymerase binds to the promotor. 
E)  Lactose binds to the promotor.

Question 20

In eukaryotes, control of gene expression is accomplished by

Accepted Answer

A)  translational control in cytoplasm after mRNA leaves the nucleus and before protein is produced. 
B)  transcriptional control in the nucleus based on which genes are transcribed and how fast they are transcribed. 
C)  posttranscriptional control in the nucleus after DNA is transcribed, including the speed with which mRNA leaves the nucleus. 
D)  posttranslational control in the cytoplasm that occurs after protein synthesis. 
E)  All of the answer choices are correct. 
A)  translational control in cytoplasm after mRNA leaves the nucleus and before protein is produced. 
B)  transcriptional control in the nucleus based on which genes are transcribed and how fast they are transcribed. 
C)  posttranscriptional control in the nucleus after DNA is transcribed, including the speed with which mRNA leaves the nucleus. 
D)  posttranslational control in the cytoplasm that occurs after protein synthesis. 
E)  All of the answer choices are correct.

Exam 25: Dna Structure and Gene Expression

Apoptosis refers to cell death and

The function of the regulator gene is to

When the sheep Dolly was successfully cloned, it was produced by growing an in vitro fertilized egg where the normal egg nucleus had been removed and replaced by a nucleus from an adult. Since this nucleus was from an older mature animal, which of the following would be a reasonable expectation?

The site of translation is the

An oncogene is

Which of the following is a frameshift mutation of the nucleotide sequence CATUAUCCC?

Messenger RNA is produced in the

What part of a tRNA molecule will base pair with the codon of a mRNA molecule?

Which of the following processes takes place during transcription?

Which of the classes of RNA molecules is produced in the nucleolus?

Initiation, elongation, and termination are three stages in

Identify the amino acids that would be assembled based upon the following codons: CGG AUA GAC GUA.

Which of the following is true about RNA?

During translation, which of the following is involved in translation?

If the protein coat of a virus that infects a bacterium is labeled with radioactive sulfur while the DNA of the virus is labeled with radioactive phosphorus, over time

What are transcription factors?

Transcription of part of a DNA molecule with a nucleotide sequence of AAACAACTT results in a mRNA molecule with the complementary sequence of

Which of the following is true about oncogenes?

Which of the following occurs when lactose is present in the environment of E. coli?

In eukaryotes, control of gene expression is accomplished by

The Study of Life

The Molecules of Cells

Cell Structure and Function

Membrane Structure and Function

Cell Division

Metabolism: Energy and Enzymes

Cellular Respiration

Photosynthesis

Plant Organization and Function

Plant Reproduction and Responses

Human Organization

Cardiovascular System

Lymphatic and Immune Systems

Digestive System and Nutrition

Respiratory System

Urinary System and Excretion

Nervous System

Senses

Musculoskeletal System

Endocrine System

Reproductive System

Development and Aging

Patterns of Gene Inheritance

Chromosomal Basis of Inheritance

Biotechnology and Genomics

Evolution of Life

Microbiology

Protists and Fungi

Plants

Animals: the Invertebrates

Animals: Chordates and Vertebrates

Behavioral Ecology

Population and Community Ecology

Nature of Ecosystems

Major Ecosystems of the Biosphere

Conservation Biology

Filters