Question 1

The function of transfer RNA is to

Accepted Answer

A)  carry amino acids to ribosomes. 
B)  transfer nucleotides to the nucleus. 
C)  transmit coded information to the cytoplasm. 
D)  turn DNA on and off. 
E)  act as the site for protein synthesis. 
A)  carry amino acids to ribosomes. 
B)  transfer nucleotides to the nucleus. 
C)  transmit coded information to the cytoplasm. 
D)  turn DNA on and off. 
E)  act as the site for protein synthesis.

Question 2

Gene mutations are

Accepted Answer

A)  always deleterious. 
B)  always beneficial. 
C)  radiation-induced changes only. 
D)  alterations in the normal sequence of bases within a gene. 
E)  alterations to cell cycle. 
A)  always deleterious. 
B)  always beneficial. 
C)  radiation-induced changes only. 
D)  alterations in the normal sequence of bases within a gene. 
E)  alterations to cell cycle.

Question 3

Which of the following serve to directly accelerate the cell cycle?

Accepted Answer

A)  tumor-suppressor genes 
B)  carcinogens 
C)  repressors 
D)  oncogenes 
E)  p53 gene 
A)  tumor-suppressor genes 
B)  carcinogens 
C)  repressors 
D)  oncogenes 
E)  p53 gene

Question 4

How many bases on a DNA molecule equal one codon?

Accepted Answer

A)  1 
B)  2 
C)  3 
D)  4 
E)  20 
A)  1 
B)  2 
C)  3 
D)  4 
E)  20

Question 5

Which of the classes of RNA molecules has an anticodon?

Accepted Answer

A)  ribosomal RNA 
B)  transfer RNA 
C)  messenger RNA 
D)  primary mRNA transcript 
E)  ribozyme 
A)  ribosomal RNA 
B)  transfer RNA 
C)  messenger RNA 
D)  primary mRNA transcript 
E)  ribozyme

Question 6

Prior to protein synthesis, the DNA

Accepted Answer

A)  attracts tRNAs with appropriate amino acids. 
B)  serves as a template for the production of mRNA. 
C)  adheres to ribosomes for protein synthesis. 
D)  contains anticodons that become codons. 
E)  must first undergo replication. 
A)  attracts tRNAs with appropriate amino acids. 
B)  serves as a template for the production of mRNA. 
C)  adheres to ribosomes for protein synthesis. 
D)  contains anticodons that become codons. 
E)  must first undergo replication.

Question 7

Which is most directly responsible for the sequence of amino acids in a protein?

Accepted Answer

A)  the sequence of the anticodons 
B)  the number of codons in mRNA 
C)  the enzyme that attaches the amino acid to tRNA 
D)  the proteins associated with rRNA 
E)  the sequence of codons in mRNA 
A)  the sequence of the anticodons 
B)  the number of codons in mRNA 
C)  the enzyme that attaches the amino acid to tRNA 
D)  the proteins associated with rRNA 
E)  the sequence of codons in mRNA

Question 8

Which of the following behaviors could help prevent cancer?

Accepted Answer

A)  avoiding carcinogenic chemicals 
B)  avoiding excessive sunlight 
C)  lowering total fat intake 
D)  increasing your consumption of broccoli 
E)  All of the answer choices describe behaviors that can reduce your risk of cancer. 
A)  avoiding carcinogenic chemicals 
B)  avoiding excessive sunlight 
C)  lowering total fat intake 
D)  increasing your consumption of broccoli 
E)  All of the answer choices describe behaviors that can reduce your risk of cancer.

Question 9

Which of the following is true of ribosomes?

Accepted Answer

A)  Ribosomes are produced in the nucleolus of a eukaryotic cell. 
B)  Ribosomes are made of RNA and proteins. 
C)  Ribsomes are composed of two subunits that join together just as protein synthesis begins. 
D)  Each ribsome has a binding site for mRNA, as well as binding sites for three tRNA molecules. 
E)  All of the answer choices are true statements about ribosomes. 
A)  Ribosomes are produced in the nucleolus of a eukaryotic cell. 
B)  Ribosomes are made of RNA and proteins. 
C)  Ribsomes are composed of two subunits that join together just as protein synthesis begins. 
D)  Each ribsome has a binding site for mRNA, as well as binding sites for three tRNA molecules. 
E)  All of the answer choices are true statements about ribosomes.

Question 10

What part of the mRNA contain(s) the information for the structure of the protein?

Accepted Answer

A)  introns 
B)  exons 
C)  promoter 
D)  ribosomes 
E)  nucleoli 
A)  introns 
B)  exons 
C)  promoter 
D)  ribosomes 
E)  nucleoli

Question 11

If one strand of DNA has the base sequence AAGCAA, the complementary strand has which of the following sequences?

Accepted Answer

A)  UUCGUU 
B)  TTCGTT 
C)  AAGCAA 
D)  UTCGTU 
E)  TTCGTG 
A)  UUCGUU 
B)  TTCGTT 
C)  AAGCAA 
D)  UTCGTU 
E)  TTCGTG

Question 12

During the process of transcription, the information in

Accepted Answer

A)  a protein is converted into RNA. 
B)  RNA is converted into a protein. 
C)  RNA is converted into DNA. 
D)  DNA is converted into RNA. 
E)  DNA is converted into a protein. 
A)  a protein is converted into RNA. 
B)  RNA is converted into a protein. 
C)  RNA is converted into DNA. 
D)  DNA is converted into RNA. 
E)  DNA is converted into a protein.

Question 13

Which of the following proteins speed up transcription dramatically?

Accepted Answer

A)  repressors 
B)  RNA polymerases 
C)  promoters 
D)  transcription activators 
E)  DNA polymerases 
A)  repressors 
B)  RNA polymerases 
C)  promoters 
D)  transcription activators 
E)  DNA polymerases

Question 14

A cluster of prokaryotic genes under the control of one regulatory sequence is called a(n)

Accepted Answer

A)  repressor. 
B)  promoter. 
C)  operon. 
D)  operator. 
E)  regulator gene. 
A)  repressor. 
B)  promoter. 
C)  operon. 
D)  operator. 
E)  regulator gene.

Question 15

Which level of primary control in eukaryotic gene activity involves methylation and chromatin packing as a way to keep genes turned off?

Accepted Answer

A)  pretranscriptional control 
B)  transcriptional control 
C)  posttranscriptional control 
D)  translational control 
E)  posttranslational control 
A)  pretranscriptional control 
B)  transcriptional control 
C)  posttranscriptional control 
D)  translational control 
E)  posttranslational control

Question 16

Which of the following is associated with a higher cancer risk?

Accepted Answer

A)  hormone therapy 
B)  smoking 
C)  use of alcohol 
D)  exposure to certain hazardous chemicals in the workplace 
E)  All of the answer choices describe things that increase the risk of cancer. 
A)  hormone therapy 
B)  smoking 
C)  use of alcohol 
D)  exposure to certain hazardous chemicals in the workplace 
E)  All of the answer choices describe things that increase the risk of cancer.

Question 17

The correct sequence of events in the production of a polypeptide is

Accepted Answer

A)  initiation → termination → elongation. 
B)  elongation → termination → initiation. 
C)  termination → elongation → initiation. 
D)  elongation → initiation → termination. 
E)  initiation → elongation → termination. 
A)  initiation → termination → elongation. 
B)  elongation → termination → initiation. 
C)  termination → elongation → initiation. 
D)  elongation → initiation → termination. 
E)  initiation → elongation → termination.

Question 18

Two strains of E. coli-one of which can turn on its lactase production and one that cannot-are grown together with lactose in the medium. If all other conditions are equal, what will occur?

Accepted Answer

A)  Both strains will continue to be present in equal amounts. 
B)  The two strains will kill each other off. 
C)  The strain that can turn on lactase production will outcompete the other strain. 
D)  The strain that cannot turn on lactase production will outcompete the other strain. 
E)  The two strains will work cooperatively and share the lactose. 
A)  Both strains will continue to be present in equal amounts. 
B)  The two strains will kill each other off. 
C)  The strain that can turn on lactase production will outcompete the other strain. 
D)  The strain that cannot turn on lactase production will outcompete the other strain. 
E)  The two strains will work cooperatively and share the lactose.

Question 19

During semiconservative replication, if the parental strand has adenine, which of the following bases will be placed on the new strand?

Accepted Answer

A)  adenine 
B)  thymine 
C)  cytosine 
D)  guanine 
E)  uracil 
A)  adenine 
B)  thymine 
C)  cytosine 
D)  guanine 
E)  uracil

Question 20

Which of the following factors is likely to a mutation and possibly cancer?

Accepted Answer

A)  X-rays 
B)  ultraviolet radiation 
C)  cigarette smoke 
D)  pesticides 
E)  All of the answer choices can lead to cancer. 
A)  X-rays 
B)  ultraviolet radiation 
C)  cigarette smoke 
D)  pesticides 
E)  All of the answer choices can lead to cancer.

Exam 25: Dna Structure and Gene Expression

The function of transfer RNA is to

Gene mutations are

Which of the following serve to directly accelerate the cell cycle?

How many bases on a DNA molecule equal one codon?

Which of the classes of RNA molecules has an anticodon?

Prior to protein synthesis, the DNA

Which is most directly responsible for the sequence of amino acids in a protein?

Which of the following behaviors could help prevent cancer?

Which of the following is true of ribosomes?

What part of the mRNA contain(s) the information for the structure of the protein?

If one strand of DNA has the base sequence AAGCAA, the complementary strand has which of the following sequences?

During the process of transcription, the information in

Which of the following proteins speed up transcription dramatically?

A cluster of prokaryotic genes under the control of one regulatory sequence is called a(n)

Which level of primary control in eukaryotic gene activity involves methylation and chromatin packing as a way to keep genes turned off?

Which of the following is associated with a higher cancer risk?

The correct sequence of events in the production of a polypeptide is

Two strains of E. coli-one of which can turn on its lactase production and one that cannot-are grown together with lactose in the medium. If all other conditions are equal, what will occur?

During semiconservative replication, if the parental strand has adenine, which of the following bases will be placed on the new strand?

Which of the following factors is likely to a mutation and possibly cancer?

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