Question 1

Why would goats and cattle be used in gene pharming?

Accepted Answer

A)  Goats and cattle are the easiest farm animals to clone. 
B)  Therapeutic and diagnostic proteins are produced in the milk of goats and cows and can be harvested for use. 
C)  The diagnostic and therapeutic proteins produced can be passed to humans who consume their meat. 
D)  There are more goats and cows than any other type of farm animal. 
E)  It is easier to create recombinant DNA in these two farm animals than it is in other types. 
A)  Goats and cattle are the easiest farm animals to clone. 
B)  Therapeutic and diagnostic proteins are produced in the milk of goats and cows and can be harvested for use. 
C)  The diagnostic and therapeutic proteins produced can be passed to humans who consume their meat. 
D)  There are more goats and cows than any other type of farm animal. 
E)  It is easier to create recombinant DNA in these two farm animals than it is in other types.

Question 2

What is the substance required to cleave the vector DNA during recombinant DNA technology?

Accepted Answer

A)  restriction enzymes 
B)  DNA ligase 
C)  plasmids 
D)  DNA polymerase 
E)  DNA helicase 
A)  restriction enzymes 
B)  DNA ligase 
C)  plasmids 
D)  DNA polymerase 
E)  DNA helicase

Question 3

Which of the following are benefits of sequencing the human genome?

Accepted Answer

A)  Knowing the exact sequence of DNA in an individual could allow pharmaceutical companies to design drugs for their exact genotype. 
B)  Determining individuals who have a predisposing factor that could lead to future illness could allow for earlier treatment. 
C)  Sequencing technology will allow the genomes of other species to be more readily sequenced. 
D)  All of the answer choices describe benefits associated with sequencing the human genome. 
A)  Knowing the exact sequence of DNA in an individual could allow pharmaceutical companies to design drugs for their exact genotype. 
B)  Determining individuals who have a predisposing factor that could lead to future illness could allow for earlier treatment. 
C)  Sequencing technology will allow the genomes of other species to be more readily sequenced. 
D)  All of the answer choices describe benefits associated with sequencing the human genome.

Question 4

The two techniques typically used to create transgenic animals are

Accepted Answer

A)  microinjection of eggs and vortex mixing of eggs. 
B)  microinjection of eggs and electroshock of eggs. 
C)  electroshock of protoplasts and electroshock of eggs. 
D)  microinjection of protoplasts and electroshock of eggs. 
E)  microinjection of eggs and vortex mixing of protoplasts. 
A)  microinjection of eggs and vortex mixing of eggs. 
B)  microinjection of eggs and electroshock of eggs. 
C)  electroshock of protoplasts and electroshock of eggs. 
D)  microinjection of protoplasts and electroshock of eggs. 
E)  microinjection of eggs and vortex mixing of protoplasts.

Question 5

When human DNA is inserted into a bacterial plasmid, the resulting bacterium will

Accepted Answer

A)  produce the products of the gene that has been inserted into the bacteria. 
B)  be placed into a vaccine and used to fight off viruses that attack humans. 
C)  be used to study the evolutionary relationship between humans and bacteria. 
D)  produce restriction enzymes that will help fight off viruses that attack humans. 
E)  be used to create DNA to insert the human genome. 
A)  produce the products of the gene that has been inserted into the bacteria. 
B)  be placed into a vaccine and used to fight off viruses that attack humans. 
C)  be used to study the evolutionary relationship between humans and bacteria. 
D)  produce restriction enzymes that will help fight off viruses that attack humans. 
E)  be used to create DNA to insert the human genome.

Question 6

A method used to determine if the DNA found at a crime scene belongs to a particular individual is short tandem repeat (STR). This method employs

Accepted Answer

A)  repeated sequences found at multiple sites in the DNA. 
B)  copying one particular gene many times. 
C)  fluorescent labeling of DNA found in the mitochondria. 
D)  repeated sequences found at one specific site in the DNA. 
E)  analyzing the repeated segments at the end of chromosomes called telomeres. 
A)  repeated sequences found at multiple sites in the DNA. 
B)  copying one particular gene many times. 
C)  fluorescent labeling of DNA found in the mitochondria. 
D)  repeated sequences found at one specific site in the DNA. 
E)  analyzing the repeated segments at the end of chromosomes called telomeres.

Question 7

In DNA fingerprinting, the products of PCR are cut by restriction enzymes into unique lengths. The fragments are then

Accepted Answer

A)  subjected to fluorescent dyes and visualized under an electron microscope. 
B)  separated according to their relative positive and negative charges. 
C)  separated according to their lengths. 
D)  arranged into a karyotype. 
E)  used to produce the genes that give the individual a unique set of fingerprints. 
A)  subjected to fluorescent dyes and visualized under an electron microscope. 
B)  separated according to their relative positive and negative charges. 
C)  separated according to their lengths. 
D)  arranged into a karyotype. 
E)  used to produce the genes that give the individual a unique set of fingerprints.

Question 8

One of the problems that limits the use of gene therapy is

Accepted Answer

A)  finding suitable donors. 
B)  that some patients are allergic to the bacterial DNA used. 
C)  the possibility of further mutating the patient's genes. 
D)  the detrimental side effects from the inserted genes. 
E)  All of the answer choices are problems with gene therapy. 
A)  finding suitable donors. 
B)  that some patients are allergic to the bacterial DNA used. 
C)  the possibility of further mutating the patient's genes. 
D)  the detrimental side effects from the inserted genes. 
E)  All of the answer choices are problems with gene therapy.

Question 9

Why has STR become the method of choice over DNA fingerprinting when identifying a person of interest?

Accepted Answer

A)  STR is less expensive. 
B)  STR doesn't require the use of restriction enzymes. 
C)  The STR sample does not require amplification. 
D)  STR requires the use of gel electrophoresis. 
E)  STR can determine the order of nucleotides in a gene. 
A)  STR is less expensive. 
B)  STR doesn't require the use of restriction enzymes. 
C)  The STR sample does not require amplification. 
D)  STR requires the use of gel electrophoresis. 
E)  STR can determine the order of nucleotides in a gene.

Question 10

Which technique is used to create billions of copies of DNA in a short amount of time?

Accepted Answer

A)  polymerase chain reaction 
B)  recombinant DNA technology 
C)  short tandem repeat (STR) profiling 
D)  gene therapy 
E)  None of the answer choices is correct. 
A)  polymerase chain reaction 
B)  recombinant DNA technology 
C)  short tandem repeat (STR) profiling 
D)  gene therapy 
E)  None of the answer choices is correct.

Question 11

Which of the following is(are) sites of in vivo gene therapy?

Accepted Answer

A)  muscle cells 
B)  bone marrow 
C)  endothelium 
D)  liver 
E)  skin 
A)  muscle cells 
B)  bone marrow 
C)  endothelium 
D)  liver 
E)  skin

Question 12

Which of the following is a site of ex vivo gene therapy?

Accepted Answer

A)  bone marrow 
B)  muscle 
C)  blood 
D)  lungs 
E)  brain 
A)  bone marrow 
B)  muscle 
C)  blood 
D)  lungs 
E)  brain

Question 13

Uses for transgenic bacteria include

Accepted Answer

A)  bioremediation, when bacteria are used to clean up oil spills or other toxic substances. 
B)  the production of organic chemicals, such as phenylalanine, used in the production of aspartame. 
C)  the production of chemicals toxic to insects that can be used to protect plants from insects. 
D)  the production of human growth hormones. 
E)  All of the answer choices describe uses of transgenic bacteria. 
A)  bioremediation, when bacteria are used to clean up oil spills or other toxic substances. 
B)  the production of organic chemicals, such as phenylalanine, used in the production of aspartame. 
C)  the production of chemicals toxic to insects that can be used to protect plants from insects. 
D)  the production of human growth hormones. 
E)  All of the answer choices describe uses of transgenic bacteria.

Question 14

Ex vivo gene therapy is being used to treat patients with Huntington disease, Alzheimer disease, Parkinson disease, and brain tumors.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

The aim of functional genomics is to understand the function of the various genes discovered within each genomic sequence and how these genes interact.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

Which of the following terms applies to the study of all of the proteins produced by an organism?

Accepted Answer

A)  genomics 
B)  bioinformatics 
C)  proteomics 
D)  genetic profiling 
E)  genetics 
A)  genomics 
B)  bioinformatics 
C)  proteomics 
D)  genetic profiling 
E)  genetics

Question 17

What is the function of RNAi?

Accepted Answer

A)  RNAi are used to insert material into human cells for the treatment of genetic disorders and various other human illnesses. 
B)  RNAi are used to silence the expression of specific alleles. 
C)  RNAi are used to insert genes into eggs of transgenic animals. 
D)  RNAi are used to quickly produce multiple copies of the same gene. 
E)  RNAi are used to create protoplast cells that are then used to create transgenic plants. 
A)  RNAi are used to insert material into human cells for the treatment of genetic disorders and various other human illnesses. 
B)  RNAi are used to silence the expression of specific alleles. 
C)  RNAi are used to insert genes into eggs of transgenic animals. 
D)  RNAi are used to quickly produce multiple copies of the same gene. 
E)  RNAi are used to create protoplast cells that are then used to create transgenic plants.

Question 18

List the steps required for insertion of foreign genes into animal eggs by using vortex mixing.

Accepted Answer

1. The eggs are placed in an agitator wi

Question 19

Transposable elements make up 44% of the human genome. What is thought to be their function?

Accepted Answer

A)  They fight cancer. 
B)  They code for rRNA. 
C)  They determine gender. 
D)  They help in the replication of DNA. 
E)  They act like regulator genes. 
A)  They fight cancer. 
B)  They code for rRNA. 
C)  They determine gender. 
D)  They help in the replication of DNA. 
E)  They act like regulator genes.

Question 20

In producing transgenic plants, cells called protoplasts are often used. Protoplasts are plant cells from which the cell wall has been removed. Why would the cell wall need to be removed?

Accepted Answer

A)  The foreign DNA enters the cell through self-healing holes in the membrane but it could not pass through the cell wall. 
B)  The cell wall prevents the transgenic cell from growing into a mature plant. 
C)  The cell wall makes it difficult for the biotechnician to determine if the foreign DNA has been incorporated into the cell's genome. 
D)  The cell wall prevents the microinjection of foreign DNA into the cell because the needle cannot pass through it. 
E)  The foreign DNA passes through the plasmodesmata of the plant cell, which is blocked by the cell wall. 
A)  The foreign DNA enters the cell through self-healing holes in the membrane but it could not pass through the cell wall. 
B)  The cell wall prevents the transgenic cell from growing into a mature plant. 
C)  The cell wall makes it difficult for the biotechnician to determine if the foreign DNA has been incorporated into the cell's genome. 
D)  The cell wall prevents the microinjection of foreign DNA into the cell because the needle cannot pass through it. 
E)  The foreign DNA passes through the plasmodesmata of the plant cell, which is blocked by the cell wall.

Exam 26: Biotechnology and Genomics

Why would goats and cattle be used in gene pharming?

What is the substance required to cleave the vector DNA during recombinant DNA technology?

Which of the following are benefits of sequencing the human genome?

The two techniques typically used to create transgenic animals are

When human DNA is inserted into a bacterial plasmid, the resulting bacterium will

A method used to determine if the DNA found at a crime scene belongs to a particular individual is short tandem repeat (STR). This method employs

In DNA fingerprinting, the products of PCR are cut by restriction enzymes into unique lengths. The fragments are then

One of the problems that limits the use of gene therapy is

Why has STR become the method of choice over DNA fingerprinting when identifying a person of interest?

Which technique is used to create billions of copies of DNA in a short amount of time?

Which of the following is(are) sites of in vivo gene therapy?

Which of the following is a site of ex vivo gene therapy?

Uses for transgenic bacteria include

Ex vivo gene therapy is being used to treat patients with Huntington disease, Alzheimer disease, Parkinson disease, and brain tumors.

The aim of functional genomics is to understand the function of the various genes discovered within each genomic sequence and how these genes interact.

Which of the following terms applies to the study of all of the proteins produced by an organism?

What is the function of RNAi?

List the steps required for insertion of foreign genes into animal eggs by using vortex mixing.

Transposable elements make up 44% of the human genome. What is thought to be their function?

In producing transgenic plants, cells called protoplasts are often used. Protoplasts are plant cells from which the cell wall has been removed. Why would the cell wall need to be removed?

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