Question 1

List the following structures in order from smallest to largest. (1)muscle fiber
(2)myofilament
(3)myofibril
(4)muscle fasciculus

Accepted Answer

A) 4,2,3,1 
B) 2,1,4,3 
C) 3,1,4,2 
D) 2,3,1,4 
E) 1,2,3,4 
A) 4,2,3,1 
B) 2,1,4,3 
C) 3,1,4,2 
D) 2,3,1,4 
E) 1,2,3,4

Question 2

Which of the following would occur as a result of a single muscle contraction?

Accepted Answer

A) tetanus 
B) tone 
C) treppe 
D) twitch 
E) paralysis 
A) tetanus 
B) tone 
C) treppe 
D) twitch 
E) paralysis

Question 3

-What does "E" represent on the diagram?

Accepted Answer

A) myosin myofilament 
B) actin myofilament 
C) sarcomere 
D) Z disk 
E) cross-bridge 
A) myosin myofilament 
B) actin myofilament 
C) sarcomere 
D) Z disk 
E) cross-bridge

Question 4

Visceral smooth muscle

Accepted Answer

A) may contain groups of cells that function as an independent unit. 
B) occurs in sheets and exhibits numerous gap junctions. 
C) contracts only when stimulated. 
D) does not function as a unit. 
E) All of these choices are correct. 
A) may contain groups of cells that function as an independent unit. 
B) occurs in sheets and exhibits numerous gap junctions. 
C) contracts only when stimulated. 
D) does not function as a unit. 
E) All of these choices are correct.

Question 5

The type of neurotransmitter or hormone that binds to receptors on smooth muscle plasma membranes determines the response of the muscle.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

Which of the following statements regarding the sliding filament model is false?

Accepted Answer

A) Actin and myosin do not shorten during contraction. 
B) Both actin and myosin myofilaments shorten during contraction. 
C) The sarcomere shortens. 
D) The I band and H zones become narrower during contraction. 
E) The A band remains constant in length. 
A) Actin and myosin do not shorten during contraction. 
B) Both actin and myosin myofilaments shorten during contraction. 
C) The sarcomere shortens. 
D) The I band and H zones become narrower during contraction. 
E) The A band remains constant in length.

Question 7

Select the term that does not belong with the others.

Accepted Answer

A) muscle atrophy 
B) immobilization 
C) decrease in number of myofibrils 
D) loss of nerve stimulation 
E) increased vascularity 
A) muscle atrophy 
B) immobilization 
C) decrease in number of myofibrils 
D) loss of nerve stimulation 
E) increased vascularity

Question 8

In smooth muscle,cross-bridging occurs due to

Accepted Answer

A) calcium binding to troponin. 
B) calcium binding to calmodulin. 
C) myosin kinase adding a phosphate to myosin heads. 
D) both calcium binding to troponin and calmodulin. 
E) both calcium binding to calmodulin and myosin kinase adding a phosphate to myosin heads. 
A) calcium binding to troponin. 
B) calcium binding to calmodulin. 
C) myosin kinase adding a phosphate to myosin heads. 
D) both calcium binding to troponin and calmodulin. 
E) both calcium binding to calmodulin and myosin kinase adding a phosphate to myosin heads.

Question 9

A sarcomere extends from

Accepted Answer

A) one Z disk to an adjacent Z disk. 
B) one T tubule to the next T tubule. 
C) the middle of the I band to the middle of the A band. 
D) the H zone to the I band. 
E) the M line to the next M line. 
A) one Z disk to an adjacent Z disk. 
B) one T tubule to the next T tubule. 
C) the middle of the I band to the middle of the A band. 
D) the H zone to the I band. 
E) the M line to the next M line.

Question 10

The capacity of a muscle cell to shorten forcefully is known as

Accepted Answer

A) contractility. 
B) excitability. 
C) extensibility. 
D) elasticity. 
E) flexibility. 
A) contractility. 
B) excitability. 
C) extensibility. 
D) elasticity. 
E) flexibility.

Question 11

-The figure illustrates a detailed drawing of the neuromuscular junction.What does "E" represent?

Accepted Answer

A) synaptic vesicles 
B) synaptic cleft 
C) sarcolemma 
D) presynaptic terminal 
E)  postsynaptic membrane 
A) synaptic vesicles 
B) synaptic cleft 
C) sarcolemma 
D) presynaptic terminal 
E)  postsynaptic membrane

Question 12

A condition in which stimuli occur so rapidly that there are no intervening relaxations between contractions is called

Accepted Answer

A) complete tetanus. 
B) incomplete tetanus. 
C) involuntary paralysis. 
D) all or none tetanus. 
E) treppe. 
A) complete tetanus. 
B) incomplete tetanus. 
C) involuntary paralysis. 
D) all or none tetanus. 
E) treppe.

Question 13

An isometric contraction is described as

Accepted Answer

A) action potential frequency is high enough that no relaxation of muscle fibers occurs. 
B) a muscle produces constant tension during contraction. 
C) a muscle produces an increasing tension as the length remains constant. 
D) a muscle produces increasing tension as it shortens. 
E) a muscle produces tension,but the length of the muscle is increasing. 
A) action potential frequency is high enough that no relaxation of muscle fibers occurs. 
B) a muscle produces constant tension during contraction. 
C) a muscle produces an increasing tension as the length remains constant. 
D) a muscle produces increasing tension as it shortens. 
E) a muscle produces tension,but the length of the muscle is increasing.

Question 14

Susan slipped on the ice and was unable to be fully mobile for several days.What disruption to homeostasis would you predict she experienced during her immobile period in terms of her muscular system?

Accepted Answer

A)  Susan's metabolic rate was raised and it initiated sweating. 
B)  Susan was more cold than usual because her inactivity prevented her muscles from helping to regulate her body temperature. 
C)  Susan's uninjured muscles overcompensate for the inactive ones by contracting spontaneously. 
A)  Susan's metabolic rate was raised and it initiated sweating. 
B)  Susan was more cold than usual because her inactivity prevented her muscles from helping to regulate her body temperature. 
C)  Susan's uninjured muscles overcompensate for the inactive ones by contracting spontaneously.

Question 15

A proper definition of muscle tone is

Accepted Answer

A) constant tension produced by muscles for long periods of time. 
B) a feeling of well-being following exercise. 
C) the ability of a muscle to maintain a contraction against an outside force. 
D) muscles contracting together. 
E) warm-up of muscle tissue. 
A) constant tension produced by muscles for long periods of time. 
B) a feeling of well-being following exercise. 
C) the ability of a muscle to maintain a contraction against an outside force. 
D) muscles contracting together. 
E) warm-up of muscle tissue.

Question 16

Depolarization of the cell membrane occurs when there is a rapid influx (inflow)of

Accepted Answer

A) potassium ions. 
B) chloride ions. 
C) calcium ions. 
D) sodium ions. 
E) amino acids. 
A) potassium ions. 
B) chloride ions. 
C) calcium ions. 
D) sodium ions. 
E) amino acids.

Question 17

An antibody test on smooth muscle reveals fewer dense bodies and intermediate filaments in a patient with a colon disorder.What is the purpose of these structures?

Accepted Answer

A)  can rapidly develop action potentials in smooth muscle cells 
B) shallow invaginations of cell membrane 
C)  maintain relatively constant tension in smooth muscle for a period of time 
D)  part of the intracellular cytoskeleton 
E)  act as enzymes that remove phosphate from myosin 
A)  can rapidly develop action potentials in smooth muscle cells 
B) shallow invaginations of cell membrane 
C)  maintain relatively constant tension in smooth muscle for a period of time 
D)  part of the intracellular cytoskeleton 
E)  act as enzymes that remove phosphate from myosin

Question 18

Tetanus of muscles is described as

Accepted Answer

A) action potential frequency is high enough that no relaxation of muscle fibers occurs. 
B) a muscle produces constant tension during contraction. 
C) a muscle produces an increasing tension during contraction. 
D) a muscle produces increasing tension as it shortens. 
E) a muscle produces tension,but the length of the muscle is increasing. 
A) action potential frequency is high enough that no relaxation of muscle fibers occurs. 
B) a muscle produces constant tension during contraction. 
C) a muscle produces an increasing tension during contraction. 
D) a muscle produces increasing tension as it shortens. 
E) a muscle produces tension,but the length of the muscle is increasing.

Question 19

When an action potential reaches the presynaptic terminal,

Accepted Answer

A) calcium ions diffuse into the presynaptic terminal through voltage-gated ion channels. 
B) acetylcholine moves into the presynaptic terminal. 
C) a local potential is generated in the presynaptic terminal. 
D) ligand-gated ion channels in the presynaptic terminal are opened. 
E) nothing else happens. 
A) calcium ions diffuse into the presynaptic terminal through voltage-gated ion channels. 
B) acetylcholine moves into the presynaptic terminal. 
C) a local potential is generated in the presynaptic terminal. 
D) ligand-gated ion channels in the presynaptic terminal are opened. 
E) nothing else happens.

Question 20

Which of the following is composed of myosin molecules?

Accepted Answer

A) thick myofilaments 
B) I Bands 
C) Z disks 
D) sarcolemma 
E) tropomyosin 
A) thick myofilaments 
B) I Bands 
C) Z disks 
D) sarcolemma 
E) tropomyosin

Exam 9: Muscular System: Histology and Physiology

List the following structures in order from smallest to largest. (1)muscle fiber (2)myofilament (3)myofibril (4)muscle fasciculus

Which of the following would occur as a result of a single muscle contraction?

-What does "E" represent on the diagram?

Visceral smooth muscle

The type of neurotransmitter or hormone that binds to receptors on smooth muscle plasma membranes determines the response of the muscle.

Which of the following statements regarding the sliding filament model is false?

Select the term that does not belong with the others.

In smooth muscle,cross-bridging occurs due to

A sarcomere extends from

The capacity of a muscle cell to shorten forcefully is known as

-The figure illustrates a detailed drawing of the neuromuscular junction.What does "E" represent?

A condition in which stimuli occur so rapidly that there are no intervening relaxations between contractions is called

An isometric contraction is described as

Susan slipped on the ice and was unable to be fully mobile for several days.What disruption to homeostasis would you predict she experienced during her immobile period in terms of her muscular system?

A proper definition of muscle tone is

Depolarization of the cell membrane occurs when there is a rapid influx (inflow)of

An antibody test on smooth muscle reveals fewer dense bodies and intermediate filaments in a patient with a colon disorder.What is the purpose of these structures?

Tetanus of muscles is described as

When an action potential reaches the presynaptic terminal,

Which of the following is composed of myosin molecules?

The Human Organism

The Chemical Basis of Life

Cell Biology

Tissues

Integumentary System

Skeletal System: Bones and Bone Tissue

Skeletal System: Gross Anatomy

Joints and Movement

Muscular System: Gross Anatomy

Functional Organization of Nervous Tissue

Spinal Cord and Spinal Nerves

Brain and Cranial Nerves

Integration of Nervous System Functions

The Special Senses

Autonomic Nervous System

Functional Organization of the Endocrine System

Endocrine Glands

Cardiovascular System: Blood

Cardiovascular System: the Heart

Cardiovascular System: Blood Vessels and Circulation

Lymphatic System and Immunity

Respiratory System

Digestive System

Nutrition,metabolism,and Temperature Regulation

Urinary System

Water,electrolyte,and Acid-Based Balance

Reproductive System

Development,growth,aging,and Genetics

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