Question 1

Which of the following is NOT true of muscular atrophy?

Accepted Answer

A) It is irreversible. 
B) It can be caused by disuse. 
C) It can be caused by denervation. 
D) Transcutaneous stimulation can help prevent it. 
E) Muscle fibers are replaced by connective tissue. 
A) It is irreversible. 
B) It can be caused by disuse. 
C) It can be caused by denervation. 
D) Transcutaneous stimulation can help prevent it. 
E) Muscle fibers are replaced by connective tissue.

Question 2

A cancer patient is told by their physician that their colon is lacking smooth muscle tone.What does this mean?

Accepted Answer

A)  The colon is developing action potentials too rapidly. 
B)  The colon has too many shallow invaginations of cell membranes. 
C)  The colon is unable to maintain constant tension for sustained periods of time. 
D)  The intracellular cytoskeleton is overactive. 
A)  The colon is developing action potentials too rapidly. 
B)  The colon has too many shallow invaginations of cell membranes. 
C)  The colon is unable to maintain constant tension for sustained periods of time. 
D)  The intracellular cytoskeleton is overactive.

Question 3

In a laboratory experiment,the resting membrane potential of a muscle is measured and is found to be more negative.Which of the following has occurred?

Accepted Answer

A) hyperpolarization 
B) repolarization 
C) depolarization 
D) isopolarization 
E) hypopolarization 
A) hyperpolarization 
B) repolarization 
C) depolarization 
D) isopolarization 
E) hypopolarization

Question 4

-What does "A" represent on the diagram?

Accepted Answer

A) myosin myofilament 
B) actin myofilament 
C) sarcomere 
D) Z disk 
E) cross-bridge 
A) myosin myofilament 
B) actin myofilament 
C) sarcomere 
D) Z disk 
E) cross-bridge

Question 5

Endomysium is a delicate network of loose connective tissue that

Accepted Answer

A) surrounds each muscle fiber. 
B) forms a sheath around a fasciculus. 
C) is composed of elastic fibers. 
D) separates individual muscles. 
E) penetrates muscle fibers. 
A) surrounds each muscle fiber. 
B) forms a sheath around a fasciculus. 
C) is composed of elastic fibers. 
D) separates individual muscles. 
E) penetrates muscle fibers.

Question 6

Concentric contractions occur when

Accepted Answer

A) the muscle produces increasing tension as it shortens. 
B) the tension and length of the muscle remain constant during a contraction. 
C) tension in a muscle is maintained while the muscle increases in length. 
D) the muscle produces tension while the length of the muscle increases. 
E) isometric contractions occur. 
A) the muscle produces increasing tension as it shortens. 
B) the tension and length of the muscle remain constant during a contraction. 
C) tension in a muscle is maintained while the muscle increases in length. 
D) the muscle produces tension while the length of the muscle increases. 
E) isometric contractions occur.

Question 7

One cause of spastic paralysis might be

Accepted Answer

A) inhibition of acetylcholine molecules. 
B) blockage of acetylcholine receptors. 
C) inhibition of acetylcholinesterase. 
D) destruction of synaptic vesicles. 
E) increase in the amount of acetylcholinesterase. 
A) inhibition of acetylcholine molecules. 
B) blockage of acetylcholine receptors. 
C) inhibition of acetylcholinesterase. 
D) destruction of synaptic vesicles. 
E) increase in the amount of acetylcholinesterase.

Question 8

One ATP molecule is required for

Accepted Answer

A) formation of the cross-bridge. 
B) movement of the cross-bridge. 
C) release of the cross-bridge. 
D) formation of the cross-bridge and for movement of the cross-bridge. 
E) formation of the cross-bridge,for movement of the cross-bridge,and for release of the cross-bridge. 
A) formation of the cross-bridge. 
B) movement of the cross-bridge. 
C) release of the cross-bridge. 
D) formation of the cross-bridge and for movement of the cross-bridge. 
E) formation of the cross-bridge,for movement of the cross-bridge,and for release of the cross-bridge.

Question 9

An action potential

Accepted Answer

A) occurs when the local potential reaches threshold level. 
B) is not propagated. 
C) has no repolarization phase. 
D) is an example of negative feedback. 
E) can be of varying strengths depending on strength of the stimulus. 
A) occurs when the local potential reaches threshold level. 
B) is not propagated. 
C) has no repolarization phase. 
D) is an example of negative feedback. 
E) can be of varying strengths depending on strength of the stimulus.

Question 10

Which type of respiration rapidly produces ATP for short time periods?

Accepted Answer

A) anaerobic respiration 
B) aerobic respiration 
C) both anaerobic and aerobic respiration 
A) anaerobic respiration 
B) aerobic respiration 
C) both anaerobic and aerobic respiration

Question 11

Which of the following correctly describes myoglobin's special function in muscle tissue?

Accepted Answer

A) breaks down glycogen 
B) synthesizes ATP 
C) acts as a reservoir for oxygen 
D) produces action potentials 
E) stores glucose 
A) breaks down glycogen 
B) synthesizes ATP 
C) acts as a reservoir for oxygen 
D) produces action potentials 
E) stores glucose

Question 12

Which of the following is true during the resting membrane potential?

Accepted Answer

A) Sodium ion concentration is greater inside cells. 
B) Negatively charged proteins are more concentrated outside the cell. 
C) A greater concentration of calcium ions is found inside the cell. 
D) Potassium is concentrated primarily inside the cell. 
E) None of these choices reflect what occurs during the resting membrane potential. 
A) Sodium ion concentration is greater inside cells. 
B) Negatively charged proteins are more concentrated outside the cell. 
C) A greater concentration of calcium ions is found inside the cell. 
D) Potassium is concentrated primarily inside the cell. 
E) None of these choices reflect what occurs during the resting membrane potential.

Question 13

Identify the statement concerning general functional characteristics of muscle that is true.

Accepted Answer

A) Muscle tissue shortens forcefully but lengthens passively. 
B) Muscle tissue shortens passively but lengthens forcefully. 
C) Muscle tissue can get shorter,but can not get longer. 
D) Muscle tissue can get longer,but can not get shorter. 
E) None of these statements are true. 
A) Muscle tissue shortens forcefully but lengthens passively. 
B) Muscle tissue shortens passively but lengthens forcefully. 
C) Muscle tissue can get shorter,but can not get longer. 
D) Muscle tissue can get longer,but can not get shorter. 
E) None of these statements are true.

Question 14

Which of the following is part of a thin myofilament?

Accepted Answer

A) ATP-binding site 
B) globular (G)actin 
C) calcium 
D) myosin 
E) sarcolemma 
A) ATP-binding site 
B) globular (G)actin 
C) calcium 
D) myosin 
E) sarcolemma

Question 15

Cardiac muscle cells are like skeletal muscle cells in that they both

Accepted Answer

A) have striations. 
B) depolarize as a result of sodium and calcium influxes. 
C) possess intercalated disks. 
D) lack sarcomeres. 
E) are multinucleated. 
A) have striations. 
B) depolarize as a result of sodium and calcium influxes. 
C) possess intercalated disks. 
D) lack sarcomeres. 
E) are multinucleated.

Question 16

Acetylcholine binds to a membrane bound receptor and causes ligand-gated sodium channels to open and results in

Accepted Answer

A) hyperpolarization. 
B) depolarization. 
C) hypoplarization. 
D) no change in membrane potential. 
E) There is not enough information to predict the outcome. 
A) hyperpolarization. 
B) depolarization. 
C) hypoplarization. 
D) no change in membrane potential. 
E) There is not enough information to predict the outcome.

Question 17

Anabolic steroids can do all of the following except

Accepted Answer

A) increase muscle size and strength. 
B) cause testicular atrophy. 
C) cause cardiovascular disease. 
D) increase the number of muscle fibers. 
E) increase total muscle mass. 
A) increase muscle size and strength. 
B) cause testicular atrophy. 
C) cause cardiovascular disease. 
D) increase the number of muscle fibers. 
E) increase total muscle mass.

Question 18

T tubules are invaginations of the

Accepted Answer

A) sarcoplasmic reticulum. 
B) sarcomere. 
C) myofibril. 
D) sarcoplasm. 
E) sarcolemma. 
A) sarcoplasmic reticulum. 
B) sarcomere. 
C) myofibril. 
D) sarcoplasm. 
E) sarcolemma.

Question 19

A lack of mitochondria within skeletal muscle would impair which ATP-yielding chemical process?

Accepted Answer

A) anaerobic respiration 
B) aerobic respiration 
C) both anaerobic and aerobic respiration 
A) anaerobic respiration 
B) aerobic respiration 
C) both anaerobic and aerobic respiration

Question 20

A myofilament is the

Accepted Answer

A) cell membrane of a muscle fiber. 
B) cytoplasm of muscle cells. 
C) structural and functional unit of the skeletal muscle cell. 
D) contractile thread that extends the length of the muscle fiber. 
E) protein strand composed of actin or myosin. 
A) cell membrane of a muscle fiber. 
B) cytoplasm of muscle cells. 
C) structural and functional unit of the skeletal muscle cell. 
D) contractile thread that extends the length of the muscle fiber. 
E) protein strand composed of actin or myosin.

Exam 9: Muscular System: Histology and Physiology

Which of the following is NOT true of muscular atrophy?

A cancer patient is told by their physician that their colon is lacking smooth muscle tone.What does this mean?

In a laboratory experiment,the resting membrane potential of a muscle is measured and is found to be more negative.Which of the following has occurred?

-What does "A" represent on the diagram?

Endomysium is a delicate network of loose connective tissue that

Concentric contractions occur when

One cause of spastic paralysis might be

One ATP molecule is required for

An action potential

Which type of respiration rapidly produces ATP for short time periods?

Which of the following correctly describes myoglobin's special function in muscle tissue?

Which of the following is true during the resting membrane potential?

Identify the statement concerning general functional characteristics of muscle that is true.

Which of the following is part of a thin myofilament?

Cardiac muscle cells are like skeletal muscle cells in that they both

Acetylcholine binds to a membrane bound receptor and causes ligand-gated sodium channels to open and results in

Anabolic steroids can do all of the following except

T tubules are invaginations of the

A lack of mitochondria within skeletal muscle would impair which ATP-yielding chemical process?

A myofilament is the

The Human Organism

The Chemical Basis of Life

Cell Biology

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Integumentary System

Skeletal System: Bones and Bone Tissue

Skeletal System: Gross Anatomy

Joints and Movement

Muscular System: Gross Anatomy

Functional Organization of Nervous Tissue

Spinal Cord and Spinal Nerves

Brain and Cranial Nerves

Integration of Nervous System Functions

The Special Senses

Autonomic Nervous System

Functional Organization of the Endocrine System

Endocrine Glands

Cardiovascular System: Blood

Cardiovascular System: the Heart

Cardiovascular System: Blood Vessels and Circulation

Lymphatic System and Immunity

Respiratory System

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Nutrition,metabolism,and Temperature Regulation

Urinary System

Water,electrolyte,and Acid-Based Balance

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Development,growth,aging,and Genetics

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