Question 1

Match the structure with the appropriate description.
-optic chiasma

Accepted Answer

A) the area that can be seen with the eyes open 
B) opening in the orbit through which the optic nerve passes 
C) the cerebral area that integrates messages from retina 
D) area where medial ganglion cell axons cross over 
E) the route of the ganglionic axons beyond the chiasma 
A) the area that can be seen with the eyes open 
B) opening in the orbit through which the optic nerve passes 
C) the cerebral area that integrates messages from retina 
D) area where medial ganglion cell axons cross over 
E) the route of the ganglionic axons beyond the chiasma

Question 2

Which of the special senses contains receptor neurons that are the only nerve cells in direct contact with the outside environment?

Accepted Answer

A)  equilibrium 
B)  hearing 
C)  smell 
D)  taste 
E)  vision 
A)  equilibrium 
B)  hearing 
C)  smell 
D)  taste 
E)  vision

Question 3

Match the structure with the appropriate description.
-canthi

Accepted Answer

A) the angle where the eyelids join 
B) the space between the two eyelids 
C) another name for the eyelids 
D) the membrane that covers the inner surface of the eyelids 
E) the membrane that covers the anterior sclera of the eye 
A) the angle where the eyelids join 
B) the space between the two eyelids 
C) another name for the eyelids 
D) the membrane that covers the inner surface of the eyelids 
E) the membrane that covers the anterior sclera of the eye

Question 4

The semicircular canals

Accepted Answer

A)  are parallel to each other. 
B)  can detect movement in only one direction. 
C)  have a base called a papilla. 
D)  contain cupulae that respond to gravity. 
E)  allow a person to detect movement in all directions. 
A)  are parallel to each other. 
B)  can detect movement in only one direction. 
C)  have a base called a papilla. 
D)  contain cupulae that respond to gravity. 
E)  allow a person to detect movement in all directions.

Question 5

Match the structure with the appropriate description.
-Meibomian glands

Accepted Answer

A) lubricate the eyelid 
B) protect the eye from falling objects 
C) an inflamed ciliary gland 
D) small tubes that drain tears into the lacrimal sac 
E) inflammation of the conjunctiva 
A) lubricate the eyelid 
B) protect the eye from falling objects 
C) an inflamed ciliary gland 
D) small tubes that drain tears into the lacrimal sac 
E) inflammation of the conjunctiva

Question 6

The anterior and posterior chambers of the eye are separated by the

Accepted Answer

A)  lens. 
B)  retina. 
C)  cornea. 
D)  iris. 
E)  optic disc. 
A)  lens. 
B)  retina. 
C)  cornea. 
D)  iris. 
E)  optic disc.

Question 7

Increase in the distance from the eye to the near point of vision can be caused by

Accepted Answer

A)  the lens becoming more rigid with age. 
B)  the lens becoming more opaque with age. 
C)  the lens becoming more convex with age. 
D)  the vitreous humor becoming thicker with age. 
E)  the lens becoming more flexible with age. 
A)  the lens becoming more rigid with age. 
B)  the lens becoming more opaque with age. 
C)  the lens becoming more convex with age. 
D)  the vitreous humor becoming thicker with age. 
E)  the lens becoming more flexible with age.

Question 8

What ion(s) cause(s) depolarization in olfactory neurons?

Accepted Answer

A)  Na+ 
B)  Ca2+ 
C)  K+ 
D)  Both Na+ and K+ 
E)  Both Na+ and Ca2+ 
A)  Na+ 
B)  Ca2+ 
C)  K+ 
D)  Both Na+ and K+ 
E)  Both Na+ and Ca2+

Question 9

The photoreceptors in the photoreceptor layer of the retina face the vitreous chamber.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

Damage to the left side of the brain near the visual cortex could result in which of the following visual changes?

Accepted Answer

A)  loss of temporal visual fields from both eyes 
B)  loss of nasal visual fields from both eyes 
C)  loss of right visual fields from both eyes 
D)  loss of left visual fields from both eyes 
E)  None of these choices is correct. 
A)  loss of temporal visual fields from both eyes 
B)  loss of nasal visual fields from both eyes 
C)  loss of right visual fields from both eyes 
D)  loss of left visual fields from both eyes 
E)  None of these choices is correct.

Question 11

The lens

Accepted Answer

A)  is biconcave. 
B)  focuses light on the retina. 
C)  floats in the vitreous humor. 
D)  is attached to the retina by suspensory ligaments. 
E)  is normally opaque. 
A)  is biconcave. 
B)  focuses light on the retina. 
C)  floats in the vitreous humor. 
D)  is attached to the retina by suspensory ligaments. 
E)  is normally opaque.

Question 12

Match the structure with the appropriate description.
-aqueous humor

Accepted Answer

A) blood vessels enter and the optic nerve exits here 
B) a small yellow spot near the center of the posterior retina 
C) the portion of the retina with the greatest visual acuity 
D) a jellylike substance in the posterior cavity of the eye 
E) the fluid that fills the anterior cavity of the eye 
A) blood vessels enter and the optic nerve exits here 
B) a small yellow spot near the center of the posterior retina 
C) the portion of the retina with the greatest visual acuity 
D) a jellylike substance in the posterior cavity of the eye 
E) the fluid that fills the anterior cavity of the eye

Question 13

The cornea is relatively easy to transplant because

Accepted Answer

A)  its proteoglycan content is high. 
B)  it is easy to access and is a vascular. 
C)  it has an extensive blood supply. 
D)  its high immunological activity prevents infection. 
E)  it is not attached to the eye. 
A)  its proteoglycan content is high. 
B)  it is easy to access and is a vascular. 
C)  it has an extensive blood supply. 
D)  its high immunological activity prevents infection. 
E)  it is not attached to the eye.

Question 14

Increased fluid accumulation in the cornea would result in

Accepted Answer

A)  a scattering of light rays. 
B)  loss of pigment in the eye. 
C)  a decrease in the strength of the tissue. 
D)  an increase in the ability to transmit light to the retina. 
E)  blockage of light rays. 
A)  a scattering of light rays. 
B)  loss of pigment in the eye. 
C)  a decrease in the strength of the tissue. 
D)  an increase in the ability to transmit light to the retina. 
E)  blockage of light rays.

Question 15

Color vision

Accepted Answer

A)  is a function of cone cells. 
B)  is most acute in dim light. 
C)  is interpreted in the cerebellum. 
D)  depends on the amount of available rhodopsin. 
E)  is the interaction between rods and cones. 
A)  is a function of cone cells. 
B)  is most acute in dim light. 
C)  is interpreted in the cerebellum. 
D)  depends on the amount of available rhodopsin. 
E)  is the interaction between rods and cones.

Question 16

Match the structure with the appropriate description.
-rods

Accepted Answer

A) photoreceptor cells that function in black and white vision 
B) photoreceptor cells that function in color vision 
C) the opening in the iris 
D) the innermost tunic of the eye 
E) a pigmented contractile structure 
A) photoreceptor cells that function in black and white vision 
B) photoreceptor cells that function in color vision 
C) the opening in the iris 
D) the innermost tunic of the eye 
E) a pigmented contractile structure

Question 17

A person loses all vision in their left eye. One possible cause could be damage to the

Accepted Answer

A)  optic chiasma. 
B)  left optic tract. 
C)  optic nerve in the left eye. 
D)  right lateral geniculate nucleus. 
E)  right visual cortex in the occipital lobe. 
A)  optic chiasma. 
B)  left optic tract. 
C)  optic nerve in the left eye. 
D)  right lateral geniculate nucleus. 
E)  right visual cortex in the occipital lobe.

Question 18

To which colors are the three different kinds of cones sensitive?

Accepted Answer

A)  blue, red, and yellow 
B)  red, blue, and green 
C)  red, violet, and yellow 
D)  violet, green, and blue 
E)  orange, indigo, and violet 
A)  blue, red, and yellow 
B)  red, blue, and green 
C)  red, violet, and yellow 
D)  violet, green, and blue 
E)  orange, indigo, and violet

Question 19

Rods, a type of photoreceptor cell, respond to light (stimulus) by

Accepted Answer

A)  depolarizing. 
B)  repolarizing. 
C)  hypopolarizing. 
D)  hyperpolarizing. 
E)  opening Na+ channels in the cell membrane. 
A)  depolarizing. 
B)  repolarizing. 
C)  hypopolarizing. 
D)  hyperpolarizing. 
E)  opening Na+ channels in the cell membrane.

Question 20

What molecule is activated from the binding of an odorant to transmembranous receptor molecules on olfactory hairs?

Accepted Answer

A)  cAMP 
B)  calmodulin 
C)  troponin 
D)  G protein 
A)  cAMP 
B)  calmodulin 
C)  troponin 
D)  G protein

Exam 15: The Special Senses

Match the structure with the appropriate description. -optic chiasma

Which of the special senses contains receptor neurons that are the only nerve cells in direct contact with the outside environment?

Match the structure with the appropriate description. -canthi

The semicircular canals

Match the structure with the appropriate description. -Meibomian glands

The anterior and posterior chambers of the eye are separated by the

Increase in the distance from the eye to the near point of vision can be caused by

What ion(s) cause(s) depolarization in olfactory neurons?

The photoreceptors in the photoreceptor layer of the retina face the vitreous chamber.

Damage to the left side of the brain near the visual cortex could result in which of the following visual changes?

The lens

Match the structure with the appropriate description. -aqueous humor

The cornea is relatively easy to transplant because

Increased fluid accumulation in the cornea would result in

Color vision

Match the structure with the appropriate description. -rods

A person loses all vision in their left eye. One possible cause could be damage to the

To which colors are the three different kinds of cones sensitive?

Rods, a type of photoreceptor cell, respond to light (stimulus) by

What molecule is activated from the binding of an odorant to transmembranous receptor molecules on olfactory hairs?

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