Question 1

The memory system that contains memories for factual information such as names, faces, events, definitions, and concepts is the

Accepted Answer

A)  prospective memory. 
B)  retrospective memory. 
C)  procedural memory. 
D)  declarative memory. 
A)  prospective memory. 
B)  retrospective memory. 
C)  procedural memory. 
D)  declarative memory.

Question 2

According to Craik and Lockhart's levels-of-processing theory, semantic encoding is a relatively shallow processing that emphasizes the physical structure of the stimulus.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 3

The narrative method is a mnemonic device that involves combining items to be remembered into a

Accepted Answer

A)  word. 
B)  sentence. 
C)  story. 
D)  visual image. 
A)  word. 
B)  sentence. 
C)  story. 
D)  visual image.

Question 4

Studies by Richard Thompson and his colleagues suggest that specific memories depend on localized neural circuits in the brain. The brain structure identified as accounting for the memory of a conditioned eyeblink response in the rabbit is the

Accepted Answer

A)  hippocampus. 
B)  amygdala. 
C)  cerebellum. 
D)  hindbrain. 
A)  hippocampus. 
B)  amygdala. 
C)  cerebellum. 
D)  hindbrain.

Question 5

Martin can't remember who invented flush toilets because he was flirting with a classmate when his history professor described this momentous event. His forgetting appears to be due to

Accepted Answer

A)  ineffective encoding. 
B)  motivated forgetting. 
C)  time decay. 
D)  proactive interference. 
A)  ineffective encoding. 
B)  motivated forgetting. 
C)  time decay. 
D)  proactive interference.

Question 6

Anna is currently 55 years old. When she was 7 years old, she saw her grandfather fall down the stairs after he had a stroke. At the time, she visited him in the hospital every day for the 6 months it took him to recover. Today, Anna has no memory of her grandfather, his stroke, or her visits to him in the hospital. According to Freud, Anna may be

Accepted Answer

A)  showing signs of proactive interference. 
B)  experiencing retrograde amnesia. 
C)  suffering from Korsakoff's syndrome. 
D)  using repression to push the memories out of her conscious awareness. 
A)  showing signs of proactive interference. 
B)  experiencing retrograde amnesia. 
C)  suffering from Korsakoff's syndrome. 
D)  using repression to push the memories out of her conscious awareness.

Question 7

McMillan and her colleagues (1997) asked a random sample of almost 10,000 adults about whether they had experienced abuse during childhood. These researchers found that

Accepted Answer

A)  females were more likely to have experienced physical abuse, while males were more likely to have experienced sexual abuse. 
B)  males were more likely to have experienced physical abuse, while females were more likely to have experienced sexual abuse. 
C)  females were more likely to have experienced both physical and sexual abuse. 
D)  males and females experienced both physical and sexual abuse with equal frequency. 
A)  females were more likely to have experienced physical abuse, while males were more likely to have experienced sexual abuse. 
B)  males were more likely to have experienced physical abuse, while females were more likely to have experienced sexual abuse. 
C)  females were more likely to have experienced both physical and sexual abuse. 
D)  males and females experienced both physical and sexual abuse with equal frequency.

Question 8

Retrograde amnesia is a type of organic amnesia in which

Accepted Answer

A)  new information impairs the retention of previously learned information. 
B)  previously learned information interferes with the retention of new information. 
C)  a person loses memories of events that occurred prior to a head injury. 
D)  a person loses memories of events that occur after a head injury. 
A)  new information impairs the retention of previously learned information. 
B)  previously learned information interferes with the retention of new information. 
C)  a person loses memories of events that occurred prior to a head injury. 
D)  a person loses memories of events that occur after a head injury.

Question 9

Savanna is trying to remember the names of the first twelve vice-presidents for her history exam. She has read the names through six times, and she is ready to test herself on how well she can recall them. Based on research studies that have shown memory failures for lists of unfamiliar material often follow a pattern called a serial position curve, you should predict that Savanna will remember the names of the vice-presidents

Accepted Answer

A)  at the beginning of the list better than the names in the middle or at the end. 
B)  at the end of the list better than the names at the beginning or in the middle. 
C)  in the middle of the list better than the names at the beginning or at the end. 
D)  at the beginning and the end of the list better than the names in the middle. 
A)  at the beginning of the list better than the names in the middle or at the end. 
B)  at the end of the list better than the names at the beginning or in the middle. 
C)  in the middle of the list better than the names at the beginning or at the end. 
D)  at the beginning and the end of the list better than the names in the middle.

Question 10

The fact that the recall of eyewitnesses can be distorted by information introduced after the event by police officers, attorneys, etc., is BEST explained by which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  the misinformation effect 
B)  the serial-position effect 
C)  errors in source-monitoring 
D)  memory reconstruction 
A)  the misinformation effect 
B)  the serial-position effect 
C)  errors in source-monitoring 
D)  memory reconstruction

Question 11

The link method of encoding is the best method to use when it is important for items to be remembered in a specific order.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

Retrieval from long-term memory is usually best when the information has been stored at which level of processing?

Accepted Answer

A)  structural 
B)  semantic 
C)  phonemic 
D)  chunking 
A)  structural 
B)  semantic 
C)  phonemic 
D)  chunking

Question 13

Schemas, the misinformation effect, source monitoring, and the repressed memory controversy all reflect which unifying theme in psychology?

Accepted Answer

A)  people's experience of the world is highly subjective 
B)  behavior is shaped by cultural heritage 
C)  heredity and environment jointly influence behavior 
D)  psychology is theoretically diverse 
A)  people's experience of the world is highly subjective 
B)  behavior is shaped by cultural heritage 
C)  heredity and environment jointly influence behavior 
D)  psychology is theoretically diverse

Question 14

The empirical finding that outlining material from textbooks can enhance retention of the material is most consistent with which of the following approaches for improving memory?

Accepted Answer

A)  massed practice 
B)  distributed practice 
C)  organization 
D)  deep processing 
A)  massed practice 
B)  distributed practice 
C)  organization 
D)  deep processing

Question 15

Dave is thrown from his motorcycle and suffers a severe blow to the head, resulting in loss of memory for events that occurred before the accident. This is an example of

Accepted Answer

A)  retrograde amnesia. 
B)  anterograde amnesia. 
C)  motivated forgetting. 
D)  retroactive interference. 
A)  retrograde amnesia. 
B)  anterograde amnesia. 
C)  motivated forgetting. 
D)  retroactive interference.

Question 16

When you violate the encoding specificity principle, you are likely to experience an inability to

Accepted Answer

A)  encode information. 
B)  store information. 
C)  retrieve information. 
D)  form a visual image of the material you want to retrieve. 
A)  encode information. 
B)  store information. 
C)  retrieve information. 
D)  form a visual image of the material you want to retrieve.

Question 17

Short-term memory appears to be limited in the number of items it can hold and when it is full the insertion of new information will force out some of the old information in STM.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

It is beneficial when you take the time to develop a mnemonic device, such as an acronym or acrostic to help you remember information, because it causes you

Accepted Answer

A)  to engage in a deeper level of processing. 
B)  to organize the information. 
C)  to make the information more meaningful. 
D)  all of the above. 
A)  to engage in a deeper level of processing. 
B)  to organize the information. 
C)  to make the information more meaningful. 
D)  all of the above.

Question 19

According to the serial-position effect, subjects tend to show better recall for items ____ of a list than for items ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  at the beginning and end; in the middle 
B)  in the middle; at the beginning and end 
C)  at the end; at the beginning 
D)  in the middle; at the beginning 
A)  at the beginning and end; in the middle 
B)  in the middle; at the beginning and end 
C)  at the end; at the beginning 
D)  in the middle; at the beginning

Question 20

Which word best describes the speed of human cognitive functioning?

Accepted Answer

A)  slow 
B)  moderate 
C)  rapid 
D)  blazing 
A)  slow 
B)  moderate 
C)  rapid 
D)  blazing

Exam 14: Human Memory Part 2

The memory system that contains memories for factual information such as names, faces, events, definitions, and concepts is the

According to Craik and Lockhart's levels-of-processing theory, semantic encoding is a relatively shallow processing that emphasizes the physical structure of the stimulus.

The narrative method is a mnemonic device that involves combining items to be remembered into a

Studies by Richard Thompson and his colleagues suggest that specific memories depend on localized neural circuits in the brain. The brain structure identified as accounting for the memory of a conditioned eyeblink response in the rabbit is the

Martin can't remember who invented flush toilets because he was flirting with a classmate when his history professor described this momentous event. His forgetting appears to be due to

McMillan and her colleagues (1997) asked a random sample of almost 10,000 adults about whether they had experienced abuse during childhood. These researchers found that

Retrograde amnesia is a type of organic amnesia in which

The fact that the recall of eyewitnesses can be distorted by information introduced after the event by police officers, attorneys, etc., is BEST explained by which of the following?

The link method of encoding is the best method to use when it is important for items to be remembered in a specific order.

Retrieval from long-term memory is usually best when the information has been stored at which level of processing?

Schemas, the misinformation effect, source monitoring, and the repressed memory controversy all reflect which unifying theme in psychology?

The empirical finding that outlining material from textbooks can enhance retention of the material is most consistent with which of the following approaches for improving memory?

Dave is thrown from his motorcycle and suffers a severe blow to the head, resulting in loss of memory for events that occurred before the accident. This is an example of

When you violate the encoding specificity principle, you are likely to experience an inability to

Short-term memory appears to be limited in the number of items it can hold and when it is full the insertion of new information will force out some of the old information in STM.

It is beneficial when you take the time to develop a mnemonic device, such as an acronym or acrostic to help you remember information, because it causes you

According to the serial-position effect, subjects tend to show better recall for items ____ of a list than for items ____.

Which word best describes the speed of human cognitive functioning?

The Evolution of Psychology Part 1

The Evolution of Psychology Part 2

The Research Enterprise in Psychology Part 1

The Research Enterprise in Psychology Part 2

The Biological Bases of Behavior Part 1

The Biological Bases of Behavior Part 2

Sensation and Perception Part 1

Sensation and Perception Part 2

Variations in Consciousness Part 1

Variations in Consciousness Part 2

Learning Part 1

Learning Part 2

Human Memory Part 1

Language and Thought Part 1

Language and Thought Part 2

Intelligence and Psychological Testing Part 1

Intelligence and Psychological Testing Part 2

Motivation and Emotion Part 1

Motivation and Emotion Part 2

Human Development Across the Life Span Part 1

Human Development Across the Life Span Part 2

Personality: Theory, Research, and Assessment Part 1

Personality: Theory, Research, and Assessment Part 2

Stress, Coping, and Health Part 1

Stress, Coping, and Health Part 2

Psychological Disorders Part 1

Psychological Disorders Part 2

Treatment of Psychological Disorders Part 1

Treatment of Psychological Disorders Part 2

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Social Behavior Part 2

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According to the serial-position effect, subjects tend to show better recall for items of a list than for items .