Question 1

Temperaments are physiological dispositions to respond to the environment in certain ways.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 2

Four-year-old Lindsey squeezes between her Mommy and Daddy as they sit together on the couch. She cuddles her Daddy but refuses to kiss her Mommy. Which Freudian concept does this scenario illustrate?

Accepted Answer

A)  the genital stage 
B)  the Oedipus complex 
C)  sublimation 
D)  regression 
A)  the genital stage 
B)  the Oedipus complex 
C)  sublimation 
D)  regression

Question 3

In behavioral-genetic studies, the heritability of personality traits, including the Big Five, is typically about:

Accepted Answer

A)  .50. 
B)  .90. 
C)  .10 to .20. 
D)  zero. 
A)  .50. 
B)  .90. 
C)  .10 to .20. 
D)  zero.

Question 4

When boys are in the Oedipal stage, according to Freud:

Accepted Answer

A)  they are distressed because when they grow up they won't be able to have babies. 
B)  they are horrified by naked girls, because they think girls have had their penises cut off. 
C)  they are distressed to learn that they can never nurse a baby like Mommy can. 
D)  they do not have a powerful motivation to give up their Oedipal feelings for their mothers. 
A)  they are distressed because when they grow up they won't be able to have babies. 
B)  they are horrified by naked girls, because they think girls have had their penises cut off. 
C)  they are distressed to learn that they can never nurse a baby like Mommy can. 
D)  they do not have a powerful motivation to give up their Oedipal feelings for their mothers.

Question 5

In psychoanalysis, a _______________ is a strategy that denies or distorts reality, but protects us from conflict and anxiety.

Accepted Answer

A)  libido 
B)  trait 
C)  defense mechanism 
D)  complex 
A)  libido 
B)  trait 
C)  defense mechanism 
D)  complex

Question 6

Social-cognitive learning theory emphasizes the continual interaction between persons and a given
situation.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

Which Freudian concepts do the following events suggest?
-A woman tells her husband, who has gambled away thousands of dollars of the family savings, that she fears he is addicted to gambling. "Nonsense," he says. "Losing money could happen to anyone."

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which Freudian concepts do the following events...

Question 8

What criticism of all three of the preceding explanations might a psychological scientist make?

Accepted Answer

All three explanations are non

Question 9

Members of individualist cultures:

Accepted Answer

A)  give priority to personal goals. 
B)  value obligation and security. 
C)  place responsibilities to the group above personal goals. 
D)  tend to explain behaviors through group norms. 
A)  give priority to personal goals. 
B)  value obligation and security. 
C)  place responsibilities to the group above personal goals. 
D)  tend to explain behaviors through group norms.

Question 10

Temperaments fluctuate dramatically over time.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

Describe the ways in which the object-relations school departs from Freudian theory in regard to the nature
of male and female development.

Accepted Answer

A good answer will include the following

Question 12

The humanist who described the importance of having peak experiences was Carl Rogers.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

According to your textbook, the shared environment of the home has a strong influence on a child's personality development.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

_______________ is a statistical estimate of the proportion of the total variance in some trait that is attributable to genetic differences among individuals within a group.

Accepted Answer

A)  Reciprocal determinism 
B)  Heritability 
C)  Factor analysis 
D)  Congruence 
A)  Reciprocal determinism 
B)  Heritability 
C)  Factor analysis 
D)  Congruence

Question 15

Raymond Cattell advanced the study of personality by:

Accepted Answer

A)  developing case-study analysis. 
B)  using factor analysis. 
C)  devising the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator. 
A)  developing case-study analysis. 
B)  using factor analysis. 
C)  devising the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator.

Question 16

Professor Hirth takes a humanist approach to personality. She would most likely agree that the most influential aspect of human personality is our:

Accepted Answer

A)  genetic makeup. 
B)  past learning. 
C)  unconscious conflicts. 
D)  capacity to shape our own futures. 
A)  genetic makeup. 
B)  past learning. 
C)  unconscious conflicts. 
D)  capacity to shape our own futures.

Question 17

The _______________ are the most critical for the inner core of personality, according to objection-relation theorists.

Accepted Answer

A)  first two years of life 
B)  preadolescent years 
C)  late adolescent years 
D)  early adulthood years 
A)  first two years of life 
B)  preadolescent years 
C)  late adolescent years 
D)  early adulthood years

Question 18

Rollo May would have been most likely to agree that:

Accepted Answer

A)  human beings do not have free will and cannot control their destinies. 
B)  most people have five to ten central traits that reflect characteristic ways of behaving. 
C)  adult personalities are formed through experiences that occur in the first five years of life. 
D)  our personalities reflect the ways we cope with the inevitable struggle to find meaning in life. 
A)  human beings do not have free will and cannot control their destinies. 
B)  most people have five to ten central traits that reflect characteristic ways of behaving. 
C)  adult personalities are formed through experiences that occur in the first five years of life. 
D)  our personalities reflect the ways we cope with the inevitable struggle to find meaning in life.

Question 19

_______________ occurs when people refuse to admit to an event, feeling, or memory that causes them anxiety or distress.

Accepted Answer

A)  Projection 
B)  Sublimation 
C)  Displacement 
D)  Denial 
A)  Projection 
B)  Sublimation 
C)  Displacement 
D)  Denial

Question 20

Although Carl Jung was fascinated with the darker aspect of human personality, he also had confidence in
the positive strength of the ego.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Temperaments are physiological dispositions to respond to the environment in certain ways.

Four-year-old Lindsey squeezes between her Mommy and Daddy as they sit together on the couch. She cuddles her Daddy but refuses to kiss her Mommy. Which Freudian concept does this scenario illustrate?

In behavioral-genetic studies, the heritability of personality traits, including the Big Five, is typically about:

When boys are in the Oedipal stage, according to Freud:

In psychoanalysis, a _______________ is a strategy that denies or distorts reality, but protects us from conflict and anxiety.

Social-cognitive learning theory emphasizes the continual interaction between persons and a given situation.

Which Freudian concepts do the following events suggest? -A woman tells her husband, who has gambled away thousands of dollars of the family savings, that she fears he is addicted to gambling. "Nonsense," he says. "Losing money could happen to anyone."

What criticism of all three of the preceding explanations might a psychological scientist make?

Members of individualist cultures:

Temperaments fluctuate dramatically over time.

Describe the ways in which the object-relations school departs from Freudian theory in regard to the nature of male and female development.

The humanist who described the importance of having peak experiences was Carl Rogers.

According to your textbook, the shared environment of the home has a strong influence on a child's personality development.

_______________ is a statistical estimate of the proportion of the total variance in some trait that is attributable to genetic differences among individuals within a group.

Raymond Cattell advanced the study of personality by:

Professor Hirth takes a humanist approach to personality. She would most likely agree that the most influential aspect of human personality is our:

The _______________ are the most critical for the inner core of personality, according to objection-relation theorists.

Rollo May would have been most likely to agree that:

_______________ occurs when people refuse to admit to an event, feeling, or memory that causes them anxiety or distress.

Although Carl Jung was fascinated with the darker aspect of human personality, he also had confidence in the positive strength of the ego.

What Is Psychology

How Psychologists Do Research

Genes, Evolution, and Environment

The Brain and Nervous System

Body Rhythms and Mental States

Sensation and Perception

Learning and Conditioning

Behavior in Social and Cultural Context

Thinking and Intelligence

Memory

Emotion, Stress, and Health

Motivation

Development Over the Life Span

Psychological Disorders

Approaches to Treatment and Therapy

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Exam 14: Theories of Personality

Temperaments are physiological dispositions to respond to the environment in certain ways.

Four-year-old Lindsey squeezes between her Mommy and Daddy as they sit together on the couch. She cuddles her Daddy but refuses to kiss her Mommy. Which Freudian concept does this scenario illustrate?

In behavioral-genetic studies, the heritability of personality traits, including the Big Five, is typically about:

When boys are in the Oedipal stage, according to Freud:

In psychoanalysis, a _______________ is a strategy that denies or distorts reality, but protects us from conflict and anxiety.

Social-cognitive learning theory emphasizes the continual interaction between persons and a given situation.

Which Freudian concepts do the following events suggest? -A woman tells her husband, who has gambled away thousands of dollars of the family savings, that she fears he is addicted to gambling. "Nonsense," he says. "Losing money could happen to anyone."

What criticism of all three of the preceding explanations might a psychological scientist make?

Members of individualist cultures:

Temperaments fluctuate dramatically over time.

Describe the ways in which the object-relations school departs from Freudian theory in regard to the nature of male and female development.

The humanist who described the importance of having peak experiences was Carl Rogers.

According to your textbook, the shared environment of the home has a strong influence on a child's personality development.

_______________ is a statistical estimate of the proportion of the total variance in some trait that is attributable to genetic differences among individuals within a group.

Raymond Cattell advanced the study of personality by:

Professor Hirth takes a humanist approach to personality. She would most likely agree that the most influential aspect of human personality is our:

The _______________ are the most critical for the inner core of personality, according to objection-relation theorists.

Rollo May would have been most likely to agree that:

_______________ occurs when people refuse to admit to an event, feeling, or memory that causes them anxiety or distress.

Although Carl Jung was fascinated with the darker aspect of human personality, he also had confidence in the positive strength of the ego.

What Is Psychology

How Psychologists Do Research

Genes, Evolution, and Environment

The Brain and Nervous System

Body Rhythms and Mental States

Sensation and Perception

Learning and Conditioning

Behavior in Social and Cultural Context

Thinking and Intelligence

Memory

Emotion, Stress, and Health

Motivation

Development Over the Life Span

Psychological Disorders

Approaches to Treatment and Therapy

Filters