Question 1

Critics of the humanist approach argue that:

Accepted Answer

A)  it places too much emphasis on "nature," and not enough on "nurture." 
B)  although the concepts are intuitively appealing, they are difficult to define operationally. 
C)  although rational decision making is acknowledged, the dominant emphasis on the unconscious hinders research. 
D)  the approach provides an excellent framework for interpreting personality in collectivist cultures, but is 
A)  it places too much emphasis on "nature," and not enough on "nurture." 
B)  although the concepts are intuitively appealing, they are difficult to define operationally. 
C)  although rational decision making is acknowledged, the dominant emphasis on the unconscious hinders research. 
D)  the approach provides an excellent framework for interpreting personality in collectivist cultures, but is

Question 2

In psychoanalysis, which component of personality is a "referee" between the needs of instinct and the demands of society?

Accepted Answer

A)  the id 
B)  the ego 
C)  the libido 
D)  the superego 
A)  the id 
B)  the ego 
C)  the libido 
D)  the superego

Question 3

_______________ is a fundamental personality dimension that describes whether people are cooperative and secure, or irritable and abrasive.

Accepted Answer

A)  Agreeableness versus antagonism 
B)  Extroversion versus introversion 
C)  Neuroticism versus emotional stability 
D)  Openness to experience versus resistance to new experience 
A)  Agreeableness versus antagonism 
B)  Extroversion versus introversion 
C)  Neuroticism versus emotional stability 
D)  Openness to experience versus resistance to new experience

Question 4

According to Freud, when the Oedipus complex is resolved by about age 5 or 6, the child's personality has been formed.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

According to object-relations theory, a baby constructs unconscious representations of his or her parents,
which will influence the child's relations with others throughout life.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

When two psychologists surveyed 275 freshmen at Cornell University, they found that:

Accepted Answer

A)  most of them had "secret lives" that they never revealed to their parents. 
B)  most of them had confessed at least one rule violation to their parents in the past year. 
C)  the women shared their "private selves" with parents but the men did not. 
D)  only stern and authoritarian parents had adolescents with "secret lives." 
A)  most of them had "secret lives" that they never revealed to their parents. 
B)  most of them had confessed at least one rule violation to their parents in the past year. 
C)  the women shared their "private selves" with parents but the men did not. 
D)  only stern and authoritarian parents had adolescents with "secret lives."

Question 7

Which Freudian concepts do the following events suggest?
-A 4-year-old girl wants to snuggle on Daddy's lap but refuses to kiss her mother.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which Freudian concepts do the following events...

Question 8

Secondary traits are changeable aspects of personality, such as musical preferences, habits, and casual
opinions.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

The humanist who described the importance of having peak experiences was:

Accepted Answer

A)  Abraham Maslow. 
B)  Rollo May. 
C)  Carl Rogers. 
A)  Abraham Maslow. 
B)  Rollo May. 
C)  Carl Rogers.

Question 10

Penny is a folklorist who studies myths and stories from different cultures around the world. She notices that there are some character types that appear frequently, despite the fact that the cultures she studies have had little to no contact with each other. Whose work would Penny likely cite to explain this observation?

Accepted Answer

A)  Karen Horney 
B)  Sigmund Freud 
C)  Melanie Klein 
D)  Carl Jung 
A)  Karen Horney 
B)  Sigmund Freud 
C)  Melanie Klein 
D)  Carl Jung

Question 11

Carl Jung would have agreed that:

Accepted Answer

A)  Darth Vader and dragons represent the shadow archetype. 
B)  the collective unconscious differs for each person. 
C)  human personality is mostly driven by "dark" forces. 
D)  past conflicts provide the only motivation for current behaviors. 
A)  Darth Vader and dragons represent the shadow archetype. 
B)  the collective unconscious differs for each person. 
C)  human personality is mostly driven by "dark" forces. 
D)  past conflicts provide the only motivation for current behaviors.

Question 12

The Barnum effect occurs when:

Accepted Answer

A)  an individual's temperament emerges early in life, therefore influencing subsequent personality development. 
B)  parental influence over a child begins to wane as the child is influenced by aspects of nonshared environment. 
C)  a man in a culture of honor becomes angry after a perceived insult and then behaves aggressively to restore his honor. 
D)  an individualized personality analysis is given, but it is written in such vague terms that it could apply 
A)  an individual's temperament emerges early in life, therefore influencing subsequent personality development. 
B)  parental influence over a child begins to wane as the child is influenced by aspects of nonshared environment. 
C)  a man in a culture of honor becomes angry after a perceived insult and then behaves aggressively to restore his honor. 
D)  an individualized personality analysis is given, but it is written in such vague terms that it could apply

Question 13

When parents value academic achievement but the child's peers do not, the child usually follows the
parental lead and values academic achievement.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

A behavioral-genetics researcher is likely to state that parents cannot take full responsibility for the way
their children turn out.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

Howard's psychologist asks him to take a personality test. The test consists of a series of standardized multiple-choice items. The test also includes a section where Howard is asked to rate himself on a series of scales. It is most likely that this is a(n):

Accepted Answer

A)  projective test. 
B)  objective test. 
C)  Rorschach test. 
D)  humanist test. 
A)  projective test. 
B)  objective test. 
C)  Rorschach test. 
D)  humanist test.

Question 16

What does the empirical evidence show about the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator's ability to predict a person's behavior on the job or in relationships?

Accepted Answer

A)  The evidence supports its use to predict job performance, but not behaviors in relationships. 
B)  The evidence does not support it. 
C)  The evidence does not support its use to predict job performance, but it does make useful predictions about behavior in relationships. 
D)  The test has been clearly established as strong and reliable for both job performance and relationship predictions. 
A)  The evidence supports its use to predict job performance, but not behaviors in relationships. 
B)  The evidence does not support it. 
C)  The evidence does not support its use to predict job performance, but it does make useful predictions about behavior in relationships. 
D)  The test has been clearly established as strong and reliable for both job performance and relationship predictions.

Question 17

Neuroticism is one of the Big Five personality traits. Compare the specific qualities of an individual who
scores high in neuroticism with the qualities found in an emotionally stable person.

Accepted Answer

A good answer will include the following

Question 18

_______________ occurs when a person's own unacceptable or threatening feelings are repressed and then attributed to someone else.

Accepted Answer

A)  Projection 
B)  Sublimation 
C)  Displacement 
D)  Denial 
A)  Projection 
B)  Sublimation 
C)  Displacement 
D)  Denial

Question 19

One of the difficulties of retrospective analysis as the foundation for theory development is the fact that it
creates an illusion of causality between events.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

Which of the following is true of an individualist culture?

Accepted Answer

A)  Group harmony takes precedence over the wishes of the individual. 
B)  The self is defined in the context of relationships. 
C)  The independence of the individual often takes precedence over the needs of the group. 
D)  The sense of self is viewed as more flexible than it is in collectivist cultures. 
A)  Group harmony takes precedence over the wishes of the individual. 
B)  The self is defined in the context of relationships. 
C)  The independence of the individual often takes precedence over the needs of the group. 
D)  The sense of self is viewed as more flexible than it is in collectivist cultures.

Critics of the humanist approach argue that:

In psychoanalysis, which component of personality is a "referee" between the needs of instinct and the demands of society?

_______________ is a fundamental personality dimension that describes whether people are cooperative and secure, or irritable and abrasive.

According to Freud, when the Oedipus complex is resolved by about age 5 or 6, the child's personality has been formed.

According to object-relations theory, a baby constructs unconscious representations of his or her parents, which will influence the child's relations with others throughout life.

When two psychologists surveyed 275 freshmen at Cornell University, they found that:

Which Freudian concepts do the following events suggest? -A 4-year-old girl wants to snuggle on Daddy's lap but refuses to kiss her mother.

Secondary traits are changeable aspects of personality, such as musical preferences, habits, and casual opinions.

The humanist who described the importance of having peak experiences was:

Carl Jung would have agreed that:

The Barnum effect occurs when:

When parents value academic achievement but the child's peers do not, the child usually follows the parental lead and values academic achievement.

A behavioral-genetics researcher is likely to state that parents cannot take full responsibility for the way their children turn out.

Howard's psychologist asks him to take a personality test. The test consists of a series of standardized multiple-choice items. The test also includes a section where Howard is asked to rate himself on a series of scales. It is most likely that this is a(n):

What does the empirical evidence show about the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator's ability to predict a person's behavior on the job or in relationships?

Neuroticism is one of the Big Five personality traits. Compare the specific qualities of an individual who scores high in neuroticism with the qualities found in an emotionally stable person.

_______________ occurs when a person's own unacceptable or threatening feelings are repressed and then attributed to someone else.

One of the difficulties of retrospective analysis as the foundation for theory development is the fact that it creates an illusion of causality between events.

Which of the following is true of an individualist culture?

What Is Psychology

How Psychologists Do Research

Genes, Evolution, and Environment

The Brain and Nervous System

Body Rhythms and Mental States

Sensation and Perception

Learning and Conditioning

Behavior in Social and Cultural Context

Thinking and Intelligence

Memory

Emotion, Stress, and Health

Motivation

Development Over the Life Span

Psychological Disorders

Approaches to Treatment and Therapy

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Exam 14: Theories of Personality

Critics of the humanist approach argue that:

In psychoanalysis, which component of personality is a "referee" between the needs of instinct and the demands of society?

_______________ is a fundamental personality dimension that describes whether people are cooperative and secure, or irritable and abrasive.

According to Freud, when the Oedipus complex is resolved by about age 5 or 6, the child's personality has been formed.

According to object-relations theory, a baby constructs unconscious representations of his or her parents, which will influence the child's relations with others throughout life.

When two psychologists surveyed 275 freshmen at Cornell University, they found that:

Which Freudian concepts do the following events suggest? -A 4-year-old girl wants to snuggle on Daddy's lap but refuses to kiss her mother.

Secondary traits are changeable aspects of personality, such as musical preferences, habits, and casual opinions.

The humanist who described the importance of having peak experiences was:

Carl Jung would have agreed that:

The Barnum effect occurs when:

When parents value academic achievement but the child's peers do not, the child usually follows the parental lead and values academic achievement.

A behavioral-genetics researcher is likely to state that parents cannot take full responsibility for the way their children turn out.

Howard's psychologist asks him to take a personality test. The test consists of a series of standardized multiple-choice items. The test also includes a section where Howard is asked to rate himself on a series of scales. It is most likely that this is a(n):

What does the empirical evidence show about the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator's ability to predict a person's behavior on the job or in relationships?

Neuroticism is one of the Big Five personality traits. Compare the specific qualities of an individual who scores high in neuroticism with the qualities found in an emotionally stable person.

_______________ occurs when a person's own unacceptable or threatening feelings are repressed and then attributed to someone else.

One of the difficulties of retrospective analysis as the foundation for theory development is the fact that it creates an illusion of causality between events.

Which of the following is true of an individualist culture?

What Is Psychology

How Psychologists Do Research

Genes, Evolution, and Environment

The Brain and Nervous System

Body Rhythms and Mental States

Sensation and Perception

Learning and Conditioning

Behavior in Social and Cultural Context

Thinking and Intelligence

Memory

Emotion, Stress, and Health

Motivation

Development Over the Life Span

Psychological Disorders

Approaches to Treatment and Therapy

Filters