Question 1

Which of the following were once widely prescribed for weight loss or depression, but today, their main legitimate medical uses are to treat childhood hyperactivity and overdoses of depressant drugs?

Accepted Answer

A) amphetamines 
B) tranquilizers 
C) barbiturates 
D) sedative-hypnotics

Question 2

The main function of meditative exercises is to

Accepted Answer

A) increase energy and creativity. 
B) focus attention and interrupt the typical flow of thoughts. 
C) solve problems and relieve worries. 
D) sharpen normal consciousness.

Question 3

Concerning REM sleep, which of the following statements is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

A) Roughly 85 percent of the time, people awakened during REM sleep report having vivid dreams. 
B) After studying for a long period, you will remember more if you go to sleep (and get more REM sleep)than if you pull an all-nighter. 
C) REM sleep is a combination of sleep spindles and very deep delta waves. 
D) Some eye movements correspond to dream activities, such that if you dream you are watching a tennis match, you will probably move your eyes from side to side.

Question 4

Any major reduction in the amount or variety of sensory stimulation is referred to as

Accepted Answer

A) meditation. 
B) REM rebound. 
C) cataplexy. 
D) sensory deprivation.

Question 5

Some physicians believe that SIDS, or crib death, may be caused by the sleep disorder known as __________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Some physicians believe that SIDS, or crib...

Question 6

The combined effect of two drugs that exceeds what would be expected from the mere addition of one drug to the other is known as

Accepted Answer

A) a drug interaction. 
B) stimulus control. 
C) amphetamine psychosis. 
D) the paradoxical intention.

Question 7

Which of the following "sharpens" our memories of the previous day's more important experiences?

Accepted Answer

A) NREM sleep 
B) REM sleep 
C) delta waves 
D) somnambulism

Question 8

Regarding REM sleep, which of the following statements is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

A) Major muscles appear paralyzed during REM sleep. 
B) Both males and females display sexual arousal for all REM sleep with this arousal not being strictly related to erotic dreams. 
C) You usually dream as soon as you enter Stage 1 sleep. 
D) Some eye movements during REM sleep correspond to the activities occurring in the dreams.

Question 9

Regarding caffeine, which of the following statements is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

A) Pregnant women who consume as little as two cups of coffee a day increase the risk of having a miscarriage. 
B) A person would have to drink between 15 and 20 cups of coffee a day to experience withdrawal symptoms from caffeine. 
C) Caffeine encourages the growth of breast cysts in women, and it may contribute to bladder cancer, heart problems, and high blood pressure. 
D) Withdrawal from caffeine includes anxiety, depression, fatigue, headaches, and flu-like symptoms.

Question 10

When a person is in a state of clear, organized alertness and perceives times, places, and events as real and can respond to external stimuli, he or she is said to be

Accepted Answer

A) in waking consciousness. 
B) experiencing a state similar to non-REM. 
C) experiencing sensory overload. 
D) in an altered state of consciousness.

Question 11

Levels of sleep identified by brain-wave patterns and behavioral changes are referred to as

Accepted Answer

A) sleep stages. 
B) sleep rhythms. 
C) semi-conscious patterns. 
D) ASCs.

Question 12

The majority of Americans regularly use consciousness-altering drugs.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

Which of the following conditions involves sleep loss caused by a withdrawal from prescription sleeping pills, resulting in terrible nightmares and "rebound insomnia" unless the person starts taking the sleeping pills again?

Accepted Answer

A) narcolepsy 
B) drug-dependency insomnia 
C) sleep narcosis 
D) sleep drunkenness

Question 14

The test used to assess hypnotic susceptibility is referred to as the

Accepted Answer

A) Braid Test of Hypnotic Susceptibility. 
B) Mesmer International Scale of Hypnotic Susceptibility. 
C) Stanford Hypnotic Susceptibility Scale. 
D) Raven Progressive Hypnotic Scale.

Question 15

According to Freud's landmark book, The Interpretation of Dreams , dreams are very often a means of

Accepted Answer

A) wish fulfillment. 
B) recording and solving daytime problems. 
C) telling oneself about feelings that need to be "re-owned." 
D) categorizing one's experience.

Question 16

When a person is fully "awake," attuned to the immediate reality, and acutely aware of every thought, emotion, or sensation, but does not judge it or react to it, he or she is exhibiting

Accepted Answer

A) lucid dreaming. 
B) mindfulness. 
C) concentrative perception. 
D) anhedonia.

Question 17

Hiroshi dreams that he goes to a party. When he gets to the party, he is the only person in a costume and mask, and no one seems to notice. Using Freud's dream theory, the remembered parts of the dream about wearing a mask and costume to the party represents which content of the dream?

Accepted Answer

A) NREM 
B) lucid 
C) manifest 
D) latent

Question 18

When drugs like barbiturates or tranquilizers are mixed with alcohol, their effects are multiplied, due to a

Accepted Answer

A) binge effect. 
B) drug interaction. 
C) drug overload. 
D) lethal side effects.

Question 19

Which of the following listed would be the LEAST effective means for stopping smoking?

Accepted Answer

A) "cold turkey" approach 
B) scheduled gradual reduction 
C) nicotine patches and bupropion 
D) behavioral self-management techniques

Question 20

Which of the following is a technique for eliminating nightmares that involves making the upsetting dream familiar while the person is awake as well as "mentally re-programming" future dream content?

Accepted Answer

A) imagery rehearsal 
B) stimulus control 
C) the paradoxical intention 
D) activation-synthesis

Exam 5: States of Consciousness