Question 1

According to your textbook, which of the following is NOT a danger signal indicating that one may have a problem with alcohol?

Accepted Answer

A) drinking alcohol for pleasure and to socialize with people 
B) not using protection when engaging in sex after drinking alcohol 
C) feeling bad about oneself after drinking alcohol 
D) problems with appetite and sleeping as a result of drinking alcohol

Question 2

Freud considered the distinction between manifest content and latent content essential for

Accepted Answer

A) developing a healthy personality. 
B) understanding dreams. 
C) the development of the id, ego, and superego. 
D) reaching self-actualization.

Question 3

Whether a person can be hypnotized or not depends mainly on

Accepted Answer

A) the skill of the hypnotist. 
B) the willingness of the person to be hypnotized. 
C) the intelligence level of the person to be hypnotized. 
D) how well the person and hypnotist can fake the "hypnosis."

Question 4

Two examples of harm-reduction strategies include

Accepted Answer

A) the "cold turkey" approach and the scheduled gradual reduction approach. 
B) freely supplying methadone and clean needles for injections to addicts. 
C) "sniffer" dogs and undercover drug-buy operations. 
D) "detox" centers and Narcotics Anonymous.

Question 5

Which of the following leads users to take larger and larger doses of a drug to get the desired effect?

Accepted Answer

A) withdrawal symptoms 
B) reduced activity of neurotransmitters 
C) psychological dependence 
D) drug tolerance

Question 6

As a sleep researcher is monitoring you, he notices that your brain waves are showing almost all delta waves. He awakens you at this point, and you awaken in a complete state of confusion. You are most likely in which stage of sleep?

Accepted Answer

A) Stage 4 of NREM 
B) REM sleep 
C) Stage 2 of NREM 
D) Stage 1 of NREM

Question 7

Sleep loss can cause all of the following EXCEPT for

Accepted Answer

A) slurred speech and inability to name common objects. 
B) decreased pain sensitivity. 
C) inability to concentrate or remember clearly. 
D) trembling hands, irritability, and staring.

Question 8

A person with a damaged brain stem who is fully aware but almost totally unresponsive is exhibiting which disorder of consciousness?

Accepted Answer

A) a coma 
B) a persistent vegetative state 
C) locked-in syndrome 
D) depersonalization

Question 9

Opioids would be considered

Accepted Answer

A) stimulants. 
B) hallucinogens. 
C) benzodiazepines. 
D) depressants.

Question 10

Which of the following is NOT a reason that adolescents are more likely to use and abuse drugs?

Accepted Answer

A) The adolescent believes that the risks of drug use are low. 
B) Drugs are readily available. 
C) Drug use by their peers is viewed as acceptable. 
D) The adolescent's brain systems that restrain risk-taking are more mature than those involved in reward pleasure-seeking.

Question 11

Regarding barbiturates and tranquilizers, which of the following statements is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

A) At normal dosages, tranquilizers can cause drowsiness, shakiness, and confusion. 
B) Rohypnol, or "Roofies," is referred to as the date rape drug because it has been used to spike the drinks of persons who were later sexually assaulted or raped while they were unconscious due to the effects of the drug. 
C) Repeated use of barbiturates can cause physical dependence with some abusers suffering severe emotional depression that has ended in suicide. 
D) Long-term usage of tranquilizers or taking a high dosage of this drug has not been shown to lead to a physical addiction.

Question 12

Which of the following best describes how people dream?

Accepted Answer

A) People experience two 15-minute dream episodes per night. 
B) People dream about four or five times a night, with dreams spaced 90 minutes apart. 
C) People have more dreams during NREM sleep than during REM sleep. 
D) People dream only during the third cycle of sleep before they awaken in the morning.

Question 13

Prescription sedatives tend to reduce the quality of sleep because they

Accepted Answer

A) create paradoxical sleep. 
B) suppress peripheral neurological activity. 
C) decrease Stage 4 and REM sleep. 
D) eliminate Stage 2 sleep.

Question 14

Methadone is often freely given to addicts as part of a program meant to reduce the negative consequences of addiction without requiring drug abstinence. This program is referred to as a

Accepted Answer

A) "cold turkey" approach. 
B) scheduled gradual reduction program. 
C) harm-reduction strategy. 
D) deinstitutionalization program.

Question 15

MDMA diminishes sexual performance, impairing erections and delaying orgasms in both men and women.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

Ben is walking through the desert with a quiet and receptive mind, so that he has lost all self-consciousness and is open to all aspects of his surroundings, such as the smell of the air and the feel of the sand beneath his feet and the sun on his face and arms. Ben is practicing

Accepted Answer

A) concentrative meditation. 
B) mindfulness meditation. 
C) self-hypnosis. 
D) lucid dreaming.

Question 17

Arthur has been driving for almost ten hours straight, and he is tired and drowsy. He momentarily falls asleep for a few seconds. Arthur has experienced a(n)__________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Arthur has been driving for almost ten...

Question 18

After smoking a pack of cigarettes each day for over ten years, Jackie decided to quit. Unfortunately, she got bad headaches, felt tired, and experienced mood swings. These physical changes are known as __________ symptoms.

Accepted Answer

A) tolerance 
B) addiction 
C) withdrawal 
D) dependency

Question 19

Psychologists have used small flotation tanks in which a participant floats in shallow body-temperature water containing hundreds of pounds of Epsom salts to explore the possible benefits of

Accepted Answer

A) sensory restriction. 
B) hydroponic therapy. 
C) mindfulness meditation. 
D) weightlessness.

Question 20

While sleeping, you begin to feel as if you are awake during the dream and capable of normal thought. You are experiencing

Accepted Answer

A) somnambulism. 
B) imagery rehearsal. 
C) lucid dreaming. 
D) daydreaming.

Exam 5: States of Consciousness