Question 1

Fatty acids typically have an even number of carbons. They are catabolized by a process called beta- oxidation. The end- products of the metabolic pathway are acetyl groups of acetyl CoA molecules. What is the most likely fate of the acetyl groups?

Accepted Answer

A)   They directly enter the energy- yielding stages of glycolysis.
B)   They directly enter the electron transport chain.
C)   They are directly decarboxylated by pyruvate dehydrogenase.
D)   They directly enter the Krebs cycle. D

Question 2

The chemiosmotic hypothesis is an important key to understanding general metabolism because

Accepted Answer

A)   it explains how ATP is synthesized by a proton motive force.
B)   it explains the reduction of oxygen to water in the final steps of oxidative metabolism.
C)   it explains how electron transport can fuel substrate- level phosphorylation.
D)   it explains the sequence of the electron transport chain molecules. A

Question 3

The inner mitochondrial membrane normally

Accepted Answer

A)   is virtually impermeable to hydrogen ions protons) .
B)   contains permease channels that allow small ions and water to pass readily through the membrane by simple diffusion.
C)   contains an active transport pump that pumps protons into the inner mitochondrial compartment from the point of high concentration to a point of lower concentration.
D)   contains enzymes responsible for two of the chemical reactions that take place as part of glycolysis. A

Question 4

Which metabolic pathway is common to both cellular respiration and fermentation?

Accepted Answer

A)   oxidative phosphorylation
B)   the oxidation of pyruvate to acetyl CoA
C)   glycolysis
D)   the citric acid cycle
E)   chemiosmosis

Question 5

Which of the following events takes place in the electron transport chain?

Accepted Answer

A)   the breakdown of an acetyl group to carbon dioxide
B)   breakdown of glucose into two pyruvate molecules
C)   substrate- level phosphorylation
D)   the extraction of energy from high- energy electrons remaining from glycolysis and the Krebs cycle

Question 6

In the energy- yielding phase of glycolysis, energy is extracted in the form of

Accepted Answer

A)   NADH and ATP.
B)   phosphorylated intermediates.
C)   carbon dioxide.
D)   pyruvate.

Question 7

When one of the eight Krebs cycle intermediates is added to the respiration medium of living cells, like yeast, what happens to the rates of ATP and carbon dioxide production?

Accepted Answer

A)   Rates of ATP and carbon dioxide production both decrease.
B)   The rate of ATP production decreases, but the rate of carbon dioxide production increases.
C)   The rates of ATP production and carbon dioxide production both increase.
D)   There would be no change in ATP production but an increased rate of carbon dioxide production.

Question 8

What electron carriers) function in the Krebs cycle?

Accepted Answer

A)   NAD+ only
B)   the electron transport chain
C)   FAD only
D)   both NAD+ and FAD

Question 9

Following glycolysis and the Krebs cycle and before the electron transport chain and oxidative phosphorylation, the carbon skeleton of glucose has been broken down to CO2. Most of the energy from the original glucose at that point is still in the form of

Accepted Answer

A)   CO2.
B)   NADH.
C)   ATP.
D)   H2O.

Question 10

The energy of electron transport serves to move translocate) protons to the outer mitochondrial compartment. How does this help the mitochondrion to produce energy?

Accepted Answer

A)   The protons receive electrons from NAD+ and FAD that are accepted in glycolysis and the Krebs cycle.
B)   The protons pick up electrons from the electron transport chain on their way through the inner mitochondrial membrane.
C)   The translocation of protons sets up the electrochemical gradient that drives ATP synthesis in the mitochondria.
D)   The hydrogen ions protons)  are transferred to oxygen in an energy- releasing reaction.

Question 11

A metabolic pathway, glycolysis, is active when cellular energy levels are___________; the regulatory enzyme, phosphofructokinase, is _______by ATP.

Accepted Answer

A)   low; inhibited
B)   high; activated
C)   high; inhibited
D)   low; activated

Question 12

Why might adding inorganic phosphate to a reaction mixture where glycolysis was rapidly proceeding help sustain the metabolic pathway?

Accepted Answer

A)   It increases the energy level of the electrons that are transferred to the electron transport chain where ATP is produced.
B)   It would increase the oxygen supply available for aerobic respiration because each phosphate group has four oxygen atoms as constituents.
C)   The metabolic intermediates of glycolysis are phosphorylated.
D)   It would increase the amount of glucose available for catabolism.

Question 13

The glucose molecule has a great deal of energy in its

Accepted Answer

A)   polar structure.
B)   C- N bonds.
C)   C- H bonds.
D)   number of oxygen atoms.

Question 14

CS1U1B16S1U1B0HS1U1B11S1U1B0S1U1B12S1U1B0OS1U1B16S1U1B0S1U1B1 S1U1B0+ 6 OS1U1B12S1U1B0S1U1B1 S1U1B0-6 COS1U1B12S1U1B0S1U1B1 S1U1B0+ 6 HS1U1B12S1U1B0O + Energy
-Which of the following statements describes the pathway shown above?

Accepted Answer

A)   It is a pathway that occurs in plants, algae, and some prokaryotes, but not in other organisms such as animals, fungi) .
B)   It is a catabolic pathway.
C)   It is an anabolic pathway.
D)   It is a set of reactions, each of which is exergonic.

Question 15

Substrate- level phosphorylation occurs within a metabolic pathway where sufficient energy is released by a given chemical reaction to drive the synthesis of ATP from ADP and phosphate. Substrate- level phosphorylation is seen in which metabolic pathways)?

Accepted Answer

A)   Krebs cycle
B)   electron transport chain
C)   both glycolysis and the Krebs cycle
D)   glycolysis
E)   All of the above pathways involve steps where substrate level phosphorylation takes place.

Question 16

Canine phosphofructokinase PFK) deficiency afflicts springer spaniels, affecting an estimated 10% of the breed. PFK is the glycolytic enzyme that phosphorylates fructose- 1- phosphate and catalyzes the committed step in glycolysis. Given its critical role in glycolysis, one implication of the genetic defect resulting in PFK deficiency in dogs is

Accepted Answer

A)   elevated blood- glucose levels.
B)   nothing. It would have no visible effect on the health of the animal.
C)   exercise intolerance.
D)   early embryonic mortality.

Question 17

Figure 9.3
-Refer to Figure 9.3. Which of these statements concerning the following reaction is true?
Malate + NAD+ -oxaloacetate + NADH + H+

Accepted Answer

A)   Malate is more oxidized than oxaloacetate.
B)   NAD+ is more reduced than NADH.
C)   Malate is more reduced than oxaloacetate.
D)   Oxaloacetate is more reduced than malate.

Question 18

Pyruvate oxidation occurs in

Accepted Answer

A)   the cytosol.
B)   the mitochondrial inner membrane.
C)   the mitochondrial intermembrane space.
D)   the mitochondrial matrix.

Question 19

Which of the following is true in terms of metabolism?

Accepted Answer

A)   Organisms can be classified as either catabolic or anabolic, but not both.
B)   Metabolic reactions first appeared in evolutionary history with the appearance of eukaryotes.
C)   The reversible reaction ADP + Pi = ATP is linked with other reactions in many metabolic pathways.
D)   Oxidation- reduction reactions occur in eukaryotes, but not in bacteria, nor in archaeans.

Question 20

A cell has enough available ATP to meet its needs for about 30 seconds. What is likely to happen when an athlete exhausts his or her ATP supply?

Accepted Answer

A)   He or she has to sit down and rest.
B)   ATP is transported into the cell from circulation.
C)   Catabolic processes are activated that generate ATP.
D)   Other cells take over and the muscle cell that has used up its ATP quits.

Exam 9: Cellular Respiration and Fermentation

Fatty acids typically have an even number of carbons. They are catabolized by a process called beta- oxidation. The end- products of the metabolic pathway are acetyl groups of acetyl CoA molecules. What is the most likely fate of the acetyl groups?

The chemiosmotic hypothesis is an important key to understanding general metabolism because

The inner mitochondrial membrane normally

Which metabolic pathway is common to both cellular respiration and fermentation?

Which of the following events takes place in the electron transport chain?

In the energy- yielding phase of glycolysis, energy is extracted in the form of

When one of the eight Krebs cycle intermediates is added to the respiration medium of living cells, like yeast, what happens to the rates of ATP and carbon dioxide production?

What electron carriers) function in the Krebs cycle?

Following glycolysis and the Krebs cycle and before the electron transport chain and oxidative phosphorylation, the carbon skeleton of glucose has been broken down to CO₂. Most of the energy from the original glucose at that point is still in the form of

The energy of electron transport serves to move translocate) protons to the outer mitochondrial compartment. How does this help the mitochondrion to produce energy?

A metabolic pathway, glycolysis, is active when cellular energy levels are_____; the regulatory enzyme, phosphofructokinase, is _by ATP.

Why might adding inorganic phosphate to a reaction mixture where glycolysis was rapidly proceeding help sustain the metabolic pathway?

The glucose molecule has a great deal of energy in its

C₆H₁₂O₆+ 6 O₂-6 CO₂+ 6 H₂O + Energy -Which of the following statements describes the pathway shown above?

Substrate- level phosphorylation occurs within a metabolic pathway where sufficient energy is released by a given chemical reaction to drive the synthesis of ATP from ADP and phosphate. Substrate- level phosphorylation is seen in which metabolic pathways) ?

Figure 9.3 -Refer to Figure 9.3. Which of these statements concerning the following reaction is true? Malate + NAD⁺-oxaloacetate + NADH + H⁺

Pyruvate oxidation occurs in

Which of the following is true in terms of metabolism?

A cell has enough available ATP to meet its needs for about 30 seconds. What is likely to happen when an athlete exhausts his or her ATP supply?

Exam 9: Cellular Respiration and Fermentation

Fatty acids typically have an even number of carbons. They are catabolized by a process called beta- oxidation. The end- products of the metabolic pathway are acetyl groups of acetyl CoA molecules. What is the most likely fate of the acetyl groups?

The chemiosmotic hypothesis is an important key to understanding general metabolism because

The inner mitochondrial membrane normally

Which metabolic pathway is common to both cellular respiration and fermentation?

Which of the following events takes place in the electron transport chain?

In the energy- yielding phase of glycolysis, energy is extracted in the form of

When one of the eight Krebs cycle intermediates is added to the respiration medium of living cells, like yeast, what happens to the rates of ATP and carbon dioxide production?

What electron carriers) function in the Krebs cycle?

Following glycolysis and the Krebs cycle and before the electron transport chain and oxidative phosphorylation, the carbon skeleton of glucose has been broken down to CO2. Most of the energy from the original glucose at that point is still in the form of

The energy of electron transport serves to move translocate) protons to the outer mitochondrial compartment. How does this help the mitochondrion to produce energy?

A metabolic pathway, glycolysis, is active when cellular energy levels are___________; the regulatory enzyme, phosphofructokinase, is _______by ATP.

Why might adding inorganic phosphate to a reaction mixture where glycolysis was rapidly proceeding help sustain the metabolic pathway?

The glucose molecule has a great deal of energy in its

C6H12O6 + 6 O2 -6 CO2 + 6 H2O + Energy -Which of the following statements describes the pathway shown above?

Substrate- level phosphorylation occurs within a metabolic pathway where sufficient energy is released by a given chemical reaction to drive the synthesis of ATP from ADP and phosphate. Substrate- level phosphorylation is seen in which metabolic pathways) ?

Figure 9.3 -Refer to Figure 9.3. Which of these statements concerning the following reaction is true? Malate + NAD+ -oxaloacetate + NADH + H+

Pyruvate oxidation occurs in

Which of the following is true in terms of metabolism?

A cell has enough available ATP to meet its needs for about 30 seconds. What is likely to happen when an athlete exhausts his or her ATP supply?

Following glycolysis and the Krebs cycle and before the electron transport chain and oxidative phosphorylation, the carbon skeleton of glucose has been broken down to CO₂. Most of the energy from the original glucose at that point is still in the form of

A metabolic pathway, glycolysis, is active when cellular energy levels are_____; the regulatory enzyme, phosphofructokinase, is _by ATP.

C₆H₁₂O₆+ 6 O₂-6 CO₂+ 6 H₂O + Energy -Which of the following statements describes the pathway shown above?

Figure 9.3 -Refer to Figure 9.3. Which of these statements concerning the following reaction is true? Malate + NAD⁺-oxaloacetate + NADH + H⁺