Question 1

Figure 52.11
-According to Figure 52.11, a species has the highest chance of extinction when

Accepted Answer

A)   the island is large and close to the mainland.
B)   the island is large and remote.
C)   the island is small and close to the mainland.
D)   the island is small and remote. D

Question 2

Figure 52.9
-In the figure above, which community has the highest species diversity?

Accepted Answer

A)   community 1
B)   community 2
C)   community 3
D)   community 4 B

Question 3

Some birds follow moving swarms of army ants in the tropics. As the ants march along the forest floor hunting insects and small vertebrates, birds follow and pick off any insects or small vertebrates that fly or jump out of the way of the ants. This is an example of what kind of species interaction?

Accepted Answer

A)   consumption
B)   commensalism
C)   mutualism
D)   parasitism
E)   competition B

Question 4

Figure 52.1
-In looking at the figure above, what conclusions can be drawn?

Accepted Answer

A)   Both species compete for all sizes of seeds other than those of intermediate size.
B)   Both species compete for seeds of intermediate size.
C)   Both species compete for all sizes of seeds.
D)   Both species eat all sizes of seeds.

Question 5

Figure 52.6
-Treehoppers a type of insect) produce honeydew, which ants use for food. Treehoppers have a major predator, the jumping spider. Researchers hypothesized that the ants would protect the treehoppers from the spiders. In an experiment, researchers followed study plots with ants removed from the system and compared them to a control plot. In the figure above, what can you conclude?

Accepted Answer

A)   Ants do somehow protect the treehoppers from spiders.
B)   Ants reduce the numbers of treehoppers.
C)   No specific conclusions can be drawn from this figure.
D)   Ants do not protect the treehoppers from spiders.

Question 6

Figure 52.5
-In the figure above, the labelled groups, which group is displaying Batesian mimicry?

Accepted Answer

A)   group A
B)   group B
C)   both groups A and B
D)   none of the above groups

Question 7

A measure of how much a community is affected by a disturbance is termed

Accepted Answer

A)   primary productivity.
B)   stability.
C)   resilience.
D)   resistance.

Question 8

What is the main difference between asymmetric competition and symmetric competition?

Accepted Answer

A)   Competition is barely measurable in symmetric competition.
B)   One species is outcompeted completely in asymmetric competition.
C)   The fitness reduction is roughly equal between each species in symmetric competition.
D)   None of the above answers applies.

Question 9

Figure 52.5
-In the figure above, which of the following statements is true?

Accepted Answer

A)   All of the species of insects shown are in the order Hymenoptera.
B)   There are no true mimics in the insects shown.
C)   Half of the insects shown are harmless.
D)   All of the insects are displaying Batesian mimicry.

Question 10

In the hypothesis that C. stellatus a species of barnacle) is competitively excluded from the lower intertidal zone by B. balanoides another species of barnacle), what could be concluded about the two species?

Accepted Answer

A)   The fundamental and realized niches of B. balanoides are identical, but the fundamental and realized niches of C. stellatus are different.
B)   The fundamental and realized niches of B. balanoides and C. stellatus are both identical.
C)   The fundamental and realized niches of B. balanoides and C. stellatus are both different.
D)   The fundamental and realized niches of B. balanoides are different, but the fundamental and realized niches of C. stellatus are identical.

Question 11

During a one year study, researchers found no difference in treehopper populations in any of their control and experimental groups. What could they measure during the second year to gain information about why this might have occurred?

Accepted Answer

A)   Measure the number of ant females.
B)   Measure the relative abundance of jumping spiders.
C)   Measure the success of treehoppers with a different ant species.
D)   Measure the relative sizes of the treehoppers.

Question 12

Figure 52.3
-In the figure above, which species is the stronger competitor?

Accepted Answer

A)   species 1
B)   species 2
C)   Both species compete equally.
D)   It is not possible to tell from this figure.

Question 13

Figure 52.10
-In figure above, what can be stated about species diversity and latitude?

Accepted Answer

A)   Species diversity is independent of latitude.
B)   As latitude increases, diversity decreases.
C)   As latitude decreases, diversity decreases.
D)   Species diversity and latitude cannot be compared using this figure.

Question 14

The competitive exclusion principle states that

Accepted Answer

A)   it is not possible for two species with different niches to coexist.
B)   it is not possible for two species with the same niche to coexist.
C)   it is possible for two species with different niches to coexist.
D)   it is possible for two species with the same niche to coexist.

Question 15

Which one of the following animals would most likely be defined as a keystone species?

Accepted Answer

A)   housefly
B)   nauplii a species of zooplankton) 
C)   fathead minnow
D)   sea otter

Question 16

Which are the only two interaction types to depend on density and effective defence to determine the short- term impact?

Accepted Answer

A)   mutualism and commensalism
B)   consumption and parasitism
C)   competition and consumption
D)   parasitism and mutualism

Question 17

Which hypothesis supports the observation that herbivores do not generally eat all of the available plants?

Accepted Answer

A)   plant- defence hypothesis
B)   poor nutrition hypothesis
C)   top- down control hypothesis
D)   a combination of all of the above
E)   none of the above

Question 18

Figure 52.9
-In the figure above, which community has the highest species richness?

Accepted Answer

A)   community 1
B)   community 2
C)   community 3
D)   community 4

Question 19

Figure 52.2
-What is the term used to describe the process shown in the panels in the figure above?

Accepted Answer

A)   competition
B)   species interaction
C)   niche realization
D)   niche differentiation

Question 20

While traveling in Texas, you stumble across a snake with red, yellow, and black bands. You somehow remember that this could be a poisonous coral snake or a harmless milk snake, but you forget how to differentiate them because they both have similar colours and banding patterns. You wisely decide not to pick up the snake. What defence was successful in preventing you from grabbing the snake?

Accepted Answer

A)   Batesian mimicry
B)   inducible defences
C)   Müllerian mimicry
D)   constitutive defence
E)   none of the above

Exam 52: Community Ecology

Figure 52.11 -According to Figure 52.11, a species has the highest chance of extinction when

Figure 52.9 -In the figure above, which community has the highest species diversity?

Some birds follow moving swarms of army ants in the tropics. As the ants march along the forest floor hunting insects and small vertebrates, birds follow and pick off any insects or small vertebrates that fly or jump out of the way of the ants. This is an example of what kind of species interaction?

Figure 52.1 -In looking at the figure above, what conclusions can be drawn?

Figure 52.5 -In the figure above, the labelled groups, which group is displaying Batesian mimicry?

A measure of how much a community is affected by a disturbance is termed

What is the main difference between asymmetric competition and symmetric competition?

Figure 52.5 -In the figure above, which of the following statements is true?

In the hypothesis that C. stellatus a species of barnacle) is competitively excluded from the lower intertidal zone by B. balanoides another species of barnacle) , what could be concluded about the two species?

During a one year study, researchers found no difference in treehopper populations in any of their control and experimental groups. What could they measure during the second year to gain information about why this might have occurred?

Figure 52.3 -In the figure above, which species is the stronger competitor?

Figure 52.10 -In figure above, what can be stated about species diversity and latitude?

The competitive exclusion principle states that

Which one of the following animals would most likely be defined as a keystone species?

Which are the only two interaction types to depend on density and effective defence to determine the short- term impact?

Which hypothesis supports the observation that herbivores do not generally eat all of the available plants?

Figure 52.9 -In the figure above, which community has the highest species richness?

Figure 52.2 -What is the term used to describe the process shown in the panels in the figure above?