Question 1

A 10-year-old male with Down syndrome undergoes chemotherapy for cancer. Following treatment, he is most susceptible to:

Accepted Answer

A)  acute lymphoblastic leukemia. 
B)  acute myelogenous leukemia. 
C)  non-Hodgkin lymphoma. 
D)  Hodgkin lymphoma.

Question 2

A 12-year-old male is diagnosed with sickle cell anemia. A blood smear reveals severely sickled cells. The sickled cells will be removed from circulation mostly by the:

Accepted Answer

A)  liver. 
B)  pancreas. 
C)  kidney. 
D)  spleen.

Question 3

A 10-year-old male is diagnosed with sickle cell anemia. He most likely inherited it from:

Accepted Answer

A)  his mother. 
B)  his father. 
C)  both his mother and father. 
D)  none of the above; sickle cell disease is not clearly an inherited disease.

Question 4

A 5-year-old male is diagnosed with idiopathic thrombocytic purpura (ITP). This condition is caused by:

Accepted Answer

A)  normal postnatal platelet lysis. 
B)  virally induced antibody destruction of platelets. 
C)  an allergic reaction to vaccinations. 
D)  maternal antibodies that target platelets in the neonate.

Question 5

A 1-year-old female is diagnosed with anemia secondary to insufficient erythropoiesis. The most likely cause is:

Accepted Answer

A)  genetic factors. 
B)  an iron deficiency. 
C)  a hemoglobin abnormality. 
D)  a erythrocyte structural abnormality.

Question 6

A 25-year-old female has a child that is diagnosed with sickle cell anemia. She does not have the disease. Which of the following characterizes the genetic makeup of the parents with regard to this trait?

Accepted Answer

A)  HbS and HbS 
B)  HbS and HbA 
C)  HbS and HbC 
D)  HbA and HbC

Question 7

Sickle cell disease is characterized by the presence of Hb S. Which of the following amino acids is present in Hb S and not present in normal Hb?

Accepted Answer

A)  Valine 
B)  Glutamic acid 
C)  Proline 
D)  Histidine

Question 8

The most common childhood cancer is:

Accepted Answer

A)  acute lymphoblastic leukemia. 
B)  chronic myelocytic leukemia. 
C)  non-Hodgkin lymphoma. 
D)  Hodgkin lymphoma.

Question 9

The mother of a 3-year-old child speaks to the pediatrician because the child took several hours to stop bleeding following a minor scrape. Testing reveals that the child has hemophilia A resulting from a deficiency in:

Accepted Answer

A)  factor IX. 
B)  factor XII. 
C)  factor XIII. 
D)  factor VIII.

Question 10

A 10-year-old female is diagnosed with a malignancy in the brain and lung. DNA analysis reveals translocation at chromosome 7 and 14. The most likely diagnosis is:

Accepted Answer

A)  lymphoblastic non-Hodgkin lymphoma. 
B)  nodular non-Hodgkin lymphoma. 
C)  Hodgkin lymphoma. 
D)  small noncleaved cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma.

Question 11

Hemophilia B is also known as:

Accepted Answer

A)  classic hemophilia. 
B)  Christmas disease. 
C)  thalassemia. 
D)  von Willebrand disease.

Exam 21: Alterations of Hematologic Function in Children