Question 1

A 52-year-old female is diagnosed with scleroderma. Which complication results in skin ulcers to the fingers and nail shedding?

Accepted Answer

A)   Cutaneous vasculitis
B)   Raynaud phenomenon
C)   Cellulitis
D)   Candidiasis B

Question 2

A 13-year-old female is concerned about several pigmented skin lesions on her body. Her physician tells her that these lesions must be monitored because of their ability to transform into malignant melanoma. These lesions are referred to as:

Accepted Answer

A)   macules.
B)   nevi.
C)   plaques.
D)   keloids. B

Question 3

In discoid lupus erythematosus, skin lesions are often accompanied by:

Accepted Answer

A)   bone deformities.
B)   vasospasm in the extremities.
C)   arterial aneurysms.
D)   bone marrow suppression. B

Question 4

A 45-year-old male presents with a chronic blister-forming disease of the skin and oral mucous membranes. This condition is referred to as:

Accepted Answer

A)   lupus erythematosus.
B)   pemphigus.
C)   psoriasis.
D)   eczema.

Question 5

A 10-year-old male is given penicillin for an infection. He has an allergic reaction, during which he develops urticarial lesions. These lesions are mediated by the release of:

Accepted Answer

A)   beta-adrenergic agonists.
B)   histamine.
C)   calcium.
D)   cortisol.

Question 6

To promote efficient wound healing, dressings applied to a dermal pressure ulcer should be:

Accepted Answer

A)   flat and dry.
B)   flat and moist.
C)   bulky and dry.
D)   bulky and moist.

Question 7

Tinea corporis (ringworm) is a _____ infection of the skin.

Accepted Answer

A)   nematode
B)   fungal
C)   viral
D)   bacterial

Question 8

Increased blood viscosity in the first 24 hours of burn shock predisposes the patient to:

Accepted Answer

A)   hyperthermia.
B)   immunosuppression.
C)   blood clotting.
D)   pathologic hypertension.

Question 9

A 9-year-old male presents with severe erythematous bullous lesions. Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis?

Accepted Answer

A)   Pemphigus
B)   Acne vulgaris
C)   Lupus erythematosus
D)   Stevens-Johnson syndrome

Question 10

Which of the following malignant skin lesions is the most serious?

Accepted Answer

A)   Basal cell carcinoma
B)   Squamous cell carcinoma
C)   Kaposi sarcoma
D)   Malignant melanoma

Question 11

More heat may be conserved by the body if blood is shunted away from the arteriovenous anastomoses in the:

Accepted Answer

A)   epidermis.
B)   dermis.
C)   hypodermis.
D)   fascia beneath the skin.

Question 12

A 19-year-old female developed a circular, demarcated, and salmon-pink lesion. Two weeks later she developed more lesions over the trunk and upper part of the extremities. This disorder is caused by a:

Accepted Answer

A)   parasite.
B)   virus.
C)   bacteria.
D)   fungus.

Question 13

Dermal appendages include all of the following structures except:

Accepted Answer

A)   sweat glands.
B)   nails.
C)   dermal papilla.
D)   hair.

Question 14

In burn injury patients, the Rule of Nines and the Lund and Browder chart are used to estimate:

Accepted Answer

A)   depth of burn injury.
B)   effect of preexisting disease.
C)   degree of systemic involvement.
D)   total body surface area burned.

Question 15

A 12-year-old female visits her physician to obtain acne medication for recurrent acne vulgaris. This condition is an inflammatory disorder of the:

Accepted Answer

A)   apocrine glands.
B)   pilosebaceous follicle.
C)   hair follicle.
D)   eccrine gland.

Question 16

A 36-year-old male is experiencing frontotemporal hair recession. He is diagnosed with male pattern baldness, a form of:

Accepted Answer

A)   alopecia.
B)   areata.
C)   hirsutism.
D)   paronychia.

Question 17

A 50-year-old male recently underwent a liver transplant and is taking immunosuppressive drugs. He now has pain and vesicular eruptions on the face and trunk. He reports that he had chickenpox as a child. Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis?

Accepted Answer

A)   Erysipelas
B)   Poliomyelitis
C)   Warts
D)   Herpes zoster

Question 18

A 40-year-old female is diagnosed with skin cancer. Her physician explains that the most important risk factor for skin cancer is:

Accepted Answer

A)   amount of direct sun exposure at a young age.
B)   amount of sun exposure over age 50.
C)   lifetime amount of sun exposure.
D)   living in equatorial regions where the sun is most intense.

Question 19

A 12-year-old female notices her hair and skin feel more oily than normal. Her physician explains that during puberty her sebaceous glands enlarge and are stimulated by:

Accepted Answer

A)   testosterone.
B)   estrogen.
C)   vitamin D.
D)   progesterone.

Question 20

A 28-year-old male is admitted to the burn unit 2 hours after receiving second- and third-degree burns over 50% of his body surface in an industrial explosion. Abnormal vital signs include low blood pressure and tachycardia. Lab results show a high hematocrit. Urine output is low, and he is developing generalized edema. These clinical manifestations of the systemic response to the burn injury can be attributed to:

Accepted Answer

A)   sick cell syndrome.
B)   loss of capillary seal.
C)   renal failure.
D)   increased ventricular preload.

Exam 39: Structure, Function, and Disorders of the Integument