Question 1

Myotonia is characterized by:

Accepted Answer

A)  prolonged depolarization of muscle cell membranes. 
B)  absence of ATP for muscle contraction. 
C)  delayed muscle contraction. 
D)  hyperactive reflexes.

Question 2

The incidence of fractures of the pelvis is highest in:

Accepted Answer

A)  preadolescent boys. 
B)  adolescent boys. 
C)  adolescent girls. 
D)  elderly adults.

Question 3

A 76-year-old female was diagnosed with osteoporosis by radiologic exam. She is at high risk for:

Accepted Answer

A)  bone infections. 
B)  joint injuries. 
C)  bone fractures. 
D)  osteomalacia.

Question 4

The pattern of bone destruction indicative of an aggressive malignant tumor is known as a:

Accepted Answer

A)  moth-eaten pattern. 
B)  permeative pattern. 
C)  geographic pattern. 
D)  radial pattern.

Question 5

A 60-year-old male presents with swelling and pain in the knee. CT reveals a cartilage-forming tumor. His diagnosis would be:

Accepted Answer

A)  chondrosarcoma. 
B)  rhabdosarcoma. 
C)  hyalinoma. 
D)  fibrosarcoma.

Question 6

A 56-year-old male was admitted to the hospital with a diagnosis of osteomalacia. History reveals that he takes anticonvulsants, underwent small bowel resection 3 years earlier, and suffers from chronic pancreatitis. What is the common link between these three factors and the development of osteomalacia?

Accepted Answer

A)  Impaired phosphate absorption 
B)  Increased calcium excretion 
C)  Vitamin D deficiency 
D)  Impaired vitamin C metabolism

Question 7

Noninflammatory joint disease is differentiated from inflammatory joint disease by all of the following factors except:

Accepted Answer

A)  the absence of synovial membrane inflammation. 
B)  the lack of systemic signs and symptoms. 
C)  normal synovial fluid. 
D)  the presence of pain.

Question 8

A 32-year-old obese male begins a jogging routine. A week after beginning, he fractures his leg. This fracture is referred to as a _____ fracture.

Accepted Answer

A)  insufficiency 
B)  greenstick 
C)  fatigue 
D)  compound

Question 9

A 70-year-old male presents with back pain, fever, and weight loss. He reports that he had a recent respiratory infection from which he thought he recovered. Tests revealed increased white blood cell count, and a diagnosis of endogenous osteomyelitis was made. The organisms causing this condition entered the bone through:

Accepted Answer

A)  blood capillaries. 
B)  open fractures. 
C)  animal bites. 
D)  infected bedsores.

Question 10

A 34-year-old female was recently diagnosed with rheumatoid arthritis. Physical examination revealed that inflammation started in the:

Accepted Answer

A)  synovial membrane. 
B)  articular cartilage. 
C)  subchondral bone. 
D)  surrounding ligaments.

Question 11

A 32-year-old female presents to her physician asking for something to ease her pain. She was previously diagnosed with fibromyalgia. Her pain is most likely caused by:

Accepted Answer

A)  inflammation. 
B)  autoimmune destruction of muscle tissue. 
C)  alterations in pain tolerance. 
D)  increased levels of peripheral neurotransmitters.

Question 12

A 46-year-old male presents with severe pain, redness, and tenderness in the right big toe. He was diagnosed with gouty arthritis. The symptoms he experienced are caused by the crystallization of _____ within the synovial fluid.

Accepted Answer

A)  purines 
B)  pyrimidines 
C)  uric acid 
D)  acetic acid

Question 13

Fibromyalgia is a chronic musculoskeletal disorder characterized by:

Accepted Answer

A)  pain resulting from joint and muscle inflammation. 
B)  muscle pain in the back and gastrointestinal symptoms. 
C)  neurologic pain in the skeletal muscles. 
D)  diffuse pain, fatigue, and point tenderness.

Question 14

Which of the following people is at highest risk for the development of gout?

Accepted Answer

A)  Men age 40 to 50 years 
B)  Premenopausal women 
C)  Male adolescents 
D)  Female children

Question 15

A 12-year-old female hurts her ankle while playing basketball. Tests reveal that she tore a ligament. This condition is known as a:

Accepted Answer

A)  sprain. 
B)  strain. 
C)  disunion. 
D)  fracture.

Question 16

A 70-year-old female with osteoporosis fractures her leg at a location of preexisting abnormality. She reports that the fracture occurred following a minor fall. Which of the following best describes the fracture?

Accepted Answer

A)  Idiopathic fracture 
B)  Iatrogenic fracture 
C)  Pathologic fracture 
D)  Greenstick fracture

Question 17

A 70-year-old female presents with a hip fracture. She is diagnosed with osteoporosis. One factor that most likely contributed to her condition is:

Accepted Answer

A)  increased androgen levels. 
B)  decreased estrogen levels. 
C)  strenuous exercise. 
D)  excessive dietary calcium.

Exam 37: Alterations of Musculoskeletal Function