Exam 7: Motivation Ii: Equity, Expectancy, and Goal Setting

_____ are described as individuals who adhere to a strict norm of reciprocity and are quickly motivated to resolve both negative and positive inequity.

Within the context of goal setting,_____ represents the effort expended on a task over an extended period of time.

_____ justice is defined as the perceived fairness of the process and procedures used to make allocation decisions.

A management system that incorporates participation in decision making,goal setting,and objective feedback is known as:

What is instrumentality? What do instrumentalities of 1.0,zero,and -1.0 mean?

Goal _____ pertains to the quantifiability of a goal.

According to Festinger's theory,people are motivated to maintain consistency between their cognitive beliefs and their behavior.

According to Vroom,motivation boils down to the decision of how much effort to exert in a specific task situation.

Expectancy represents an individual's belief that efforts leads to a specific level of performance.

According to Vroom,"expectancy" refers to which of the following linkages?

Expectancy theory has not been supported by research.

How important is feedback in the process of goal setting?

Valence mirrors our:

_____ approach to goal setting deals with picking a method that seems best suited for the individual and situation at hand.

One of the factors that influences an employee's expectancy perceptions is self-actualization.

An instrumentality of _____ indicates attainment of a particular outcome is totally dependent on task performance.

Research has revealed that participatively set goals are significantly more effective than assigned goals.

Specific,difficult goals lead to higher performance for simple,but not for complex,tasks.

_____ plays a central role in expectancy theory because it emphasizes the cognitive ability to anticipate the likely consequences of behavior.

Successfully designing and implementing motivational programs is easy.