Exam 6: Perception and Individual Decision Making

What segment of the three-component model of creativity encompasses personality characteristics that are associated with imagination?

An individual's place in the interview schedule may affect the interviewer's evaluation of the applicant. This is an example of the halo effect.

Whenever Jane is successful she takes full credit for what has happened, but whenever she is unsuccessful she attributes her failure to bad luck or blames one of her fellow employees. She is guilty of ________.

Where is overconfidence most likely to surface?

Rashid and a group of friends from Pakistan are going out to eat. At the restaurant the hostess tells them a bit distractedly, that there is no seating for the next two hours. Monica, a young Hispanic woman, and her boyfriend, arrive at the same restaurant a few minutes later, and are told the same thing by the same hostess in the same tone. They will probably perceive the situation similarly.

Why do people satisfice?

Ethical standards are less ambiguous in Asia than in the United States.

How is bounded rationality related to common decision biases?

Perception refers to the way we organize and interpret the world around us.

Explain the three components of creativity. How could a manager hinder or stimulate creativity in the workplace through perception biases? Name two biases and examples of how they would affect creativity.

David's boss has just moved his software testing deadline up by two days. David was working overtime to complete the assignment with the previous deadline, but now he doesn't see how it will be physically possible to test every aspect of the software by the new deadline. As a result, David will have to cut corners and only test certain aspects of the product. He is sure there will be bugs that go unnoticed. David is a victim of which organizational constraint?

Contrast the fundamental attribution error and the self-serving bias.

What term is used for the tendency to underestimate the influence of external factors and overestimate the influence of internal factors when making judgments about the behavior of others?

List and explain eight common decision biases or errors.

The contrast effect suggests a candidate will be more highly evaluated if the previous interviews were also highly evaluated.

What factors that operate to shape and sometimes distort perception reside in the perceiver, what factors reside in the target being perceived, and what factors reside in the context of the situation?

One person's problem may be considered by another person to be a satisfactory state of affairs.

Discuss some of the errors in perceptual judgment made by interviewers in job interviews.

Interviewers make perceptual judgments that are generally accurate during an employment interview.

Gene is regarded by his peers as an extremely creative designer of watercraft. He attributes much of his success to his family: he was raised by a traditional boat builder and from a very early age was surrounded by boats and the people who made them. To what element of the three-component model of creativity does Gene attribute his success?