Question 1

Every discipline has a unique focus that directs inquiry and distinguishes it from other fields of study.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  True

Question 2

The best test of any nursing theory is its usefulness in professional practice.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  True

Question 3

Theories are not discovered in nature but are human inventions

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  True

Question 4

Nursing theories:

Accepted Answer

A)  Are discovered in nature. 
B)  Serve as exact representations of reality. 
C)  Are invented by humans. 
D)  Cannot be modified. 
A)  Are discovered in nature. 
B)  Serve as exact representations of reality. 
C)  Are invented by humans. 
D)  Cannot be modified.

Question 5

A paradigm is defined as a:

Accepted Answer

A)  Worldview. 
B)  General framework. 
C)  Set of shared perspectives held by members of a discipline. 
D)  All of the above 
A)  Worldview. 
B)  General framework. 
C)  Set of shared perspectives held by members of a discipline. 
D)  All of the above

Question 6

The purpose of theory is to:

Accepted Answer

A)  Explain experience. 
B)  Describe relationships. 
C)  Project outcomes. 
D)  All of the above 
A)  Explain experience. 
B)  Describe relationships. 
C)  Project outcomes. 
D)  All of the above

Question 7

____________________ and ____________________ structures are essential to any discipline and are inherent in nursing theories.

Accepted Answer

A)  Paradigm and metaparadigm 
B)  Syntactical and conceptual 
C)  Middle and grand 
D)  Language and symbol 
A)  Paradigm and metaparadigm 
B)  Syntactical and conceptual 
C)  Middle and grand 
D)  Language and symbol

Question 8

The basic building blocks of theories are:

Accepted Answer

A)  Concepts and their definitions. 
B)  Statements of relationships. 
C)  Concepts and statements of relationships. 
D)  Empirical indicators. 
A)  Concepts and their definitions. 
B)  Statements of relationships. 
C)  Concepts and statements of relationships. 
D)  Empirical indicators.

Question 9

Books and periodicals are examples of:

Accepted Answer

A)  Communication networks. 
B)  Heritage of literature. 
C)  Nursing organizations. 
D)  Nursing discipline. 
A)  Communication networks. 
B)  Heritage of literature. 
C)  Nursing organizations. 
D)  Nursing discipline.

Question 10

Science generally evolves as a smooth, regular, continuing path of knowledge development over time.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

Statements of enduring values or beliefs are considered:

Accepted Answer

A)  Conceptual models. 
B)  Philosophies. 
C)  Grand theories. 
D)  Practice theories. 
A)  Conceptual models. 
B)  Philosophies. 
C)  Grand theories. 
D)  Practice theories.

Question 12

The name for the boundaries or focus of a discipline is:

Accepted Answer

A)  Imagination. 
B)  Domain. 
C)  Tradition. 
D)  Value. 
A)  Imagination. 
B)  Domain. 
C)  Tradition. 
D)  Value.

Question 13

The first nursing theorist who identified the importance of theory in nursing was:

Accepted Answer

A)  Virginia Henderson. 
B)  Hildegard Peplau. 
C)  Lydia Hall. 
D)  Florence Nightingale. 
A)  Virginia Henderson. 
B)  Hildegard Peplau. 
C)  Lydia Hall. 
D)  Florence Nightingale.

Question 14

Theories that have the most limited scope and level of abstraction that are useful in within a specific range of nursing situations are called:

Accepted Answer

A)  Grand theories. 
B)  Middle-range theories. 
C)  Practice-level theories. 
D)  Nursing theories. 
A)  Grand theories. 
B)  Middle-range theories. 
C)  Practice-level theories. 
D)  Nursing theories.

Question 15

The most abstract level of knowledge is the:

Accepted Answer

A)  Paradigm. 
B)  Metaparadigm. 
C)  Theory. 
D)  Concept. 
A)  Paradigm. 
B)  Metaparadigm. 
C)  Theory. 
D)  Concept.

Question 16

Members of a community of scholars share a commitment to all of the following except:

Accepted Answer

A)  Values. 
B)  Knowledge. 
C)  Geographic location. 
D)  Processes. 
A)  Values. 
B)  Knowledge. 
C)  Geographic location. 
D)  Processes.

Question 17

The primary purpose of nursing theory is to:

Accepted Answer

A)  Structure nursing knowledge. 
B)  Demonstrate creativity in nursing. 
C)  Guide the thinking about, being, and doing of nursing. 
D)  Organize nursing curricula. 
A)  Structure nursing knowledge. 
B)  Demonstrate creativity in nursing. 
C)  Guide the thinking about, being, and doing of nursing. 
D)  Organize nursing curricula.

Question 18

The dependence of nursing theory development on human imagination is an attribute of nursing as a(n):

Accepted Answer

A)  Occupation. 
B)  Discipline. 
C)  Vocation. 
D)  Profession. 
A)  Occupation. 
B)  Discipline. 
C)  Vocation. 
D)  Profession.

Question 19

Early nursing theorists relied on definitions of theory from nursing practice to guide the development of theories within nursing.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

Theories that include specific concepts, are broad enough to be useful in complex situations, and can be empirically tested are called:

Accepted Answer

A)  Grand theories. 
B)  Middle-range theories. 
C)  Practice-level theories. 
D)  Nursing theories. 
A)  Grand theories. 
B)  Middle-range theories. 
C)  Practice-level theories. 
D)  Nursing theories.

Exam 1: Nursing Theory and the Discipline of Nursing

Every discipline has a unique focus that directs inquiry and distinguishes it from other fields of study.

The best test of any nursing theory is its usefulness in professional practice.

Theories are not discovered in nature but are human inventions

Nursing theories:

A paradigm is defined as a:

The purpose of theory is to:

____________________ and ____________________ structures are essential to any discipline and are inherent in nursing theories.

The basic building blocks of theories are:

Books and periodicals are examples of:

Science generally evolves as a smooth, regular, continuing path of knowledge development over time.

Statements of enduring values or beliefs are considered:

The name for the boundaries or focus of a discipline is:

The first nursing theorist who identified the importance of theory in nursing was:

Theories that have the most limited scope and level of abstraction that are useful in within a specific range of nursing situations are called:

The most abstract level of knowledge is the:

Members of a community of scholars share a commitment to all of the following except:

The primary purpose of nursing theory is to:

The dependence of nursing theory development on human imagination is an attribute of nursing as a(n):

Early nursing theorists relied on definitions of theory from nursing practice to guide the development of theories within nursing.

Theories that include specific concepts, are broad enough to be useful in complex situations, and can be empirically tested are called:

A Guide for the Study of Theories for Practice

Choosing, Evaluating and Implementing Nursing Theories for Practice

Florence Nightingale

Wiedenbach, Henderson, Hall

Nurse-Patient Relationship Theories: Peplau, Travelbee and Orlando

Dorothy Johnson

Dorothea Orems Scdnt

Imogene Kings Theory of Goal Attainment

Callista Roys Adaptation Model

Betty Neumans Systems Model

Erickson, Tomlin and Swains Theory of Modeling and Role Modeling

Barbara Dosseys Theory of Integral Nursing

Martha Rogers Science of Unitary Human Beings

Rosemarie Rizzo Parses Humanbecoming School of Thought

Margaret Newmans Theory of Health As Expanding Consciousness

Madeline Leiningers Theory of Culture Care Diversity and Universality

Jean Watsons Theory of Human Caring

Anne Boykin and Savina Schoenhofers Nursing As Caring Theory

Afaf Meleis Transitions Theory

Katharine Kolcabacomfort Theory

Duffys Quality-Caring Model

Reeds Theory of Self-Transcendence

Mary Jane Smith and Pat Liehrs Story Theory

Parker and Barrys Community Nursing Practice Model

Locsins Theory of Technological Competence

Rays Theory of Bureaucratic Caring

Troutman-Jordans Theory of Successful Aging

Barretts Theory of Power As Knowing Participation in Change

Smiths Unitary Caring

Swansons Theory or Caring

Filters

and structures are essential to any discipline and are inherent in nursing theories.