Question 1

Which statement best describes the composition of the DASH diet?

Accepted Answer

A) high in calcium and magnesium while low in sodium and potassium. 
B) high in sodium while low in calcium,magnesium,and potassium. 
C) high in potassium,calcium,and magnesium while moderate in sodium. 
D) high in sodium and potassium while low in calcium and magnesium. 
A) high in calcium and magnesium while low in sodium and potassium. 
B) high in sodium while low in calcium,magnesium,and potassium. 
C) high in potassium,calcium,and magnesium while moderate in sodium. 
D) high in sodium and potassium while low in calcium and magnesium.

Question 2

What are substances that separate into positively and negatively charged ions in water?

Accepted Answer

A) solvents. 
B) non-polar. 
C) electrolytes. 
D) inert. 
A) solvents. 
B) non-polar. 
C) electrolytes. 
D) inert.

Question 3

Which of the following best describes the distribution of sodium and potassium in the body?

Accepted Answer

A) Both sodium and potassium are primarily intracellular. 
B) Both sodium and potassium are primarily extracellular. 
C) Sodium is primarily intracellular and potassium is primarily extracellular. 
D) Sodium is primarily extracellular and potassium is primarily intracellular. 
A) Both sodium and potassium are primarily intracellular. 
B) Both sodium and potassium are primarily extracellular. 
C) Sodium is primarily intracellular and potassium is primarily extracellular. 
D) Sodium is primarily extracellular and potassium is primarily intracellular.

Question 4

Which is NOT a consequence of high blood pressure?

Accepted Answer

A) increased diabetes risk. 
B) weakened and damaged artery walls. 
C) a heart that if forced to work harder 
D) increase the risk of stroke. 
A) increased diabetes risk. 
B) weakened and damaged artery walls. 
C) a heart that if forced to work harder 
D) increase the risk of stroke.

Question 5

What is the criterion of adequacy used to set the AI for potassium?

Accepted Answer

A) an amount that is the same as the AI for sodium 
B) an amount that prevents heart failure 
C) an amount that will lower blood pressure 
D) an amount that permits muscle contraction 
A) an amount that is the same as the AI for sodium 
B) an amount that prevents heart failure 
C) an amount that will lower blood pressure 
D) an amount that permits muscle contraction

Question 6

What criteria is required in order to make the disease risk reduction claim related to blood pressure?

Accepted Answer

A) the food must be low in sodium and high in potassium. 
B) the food must be low in sodium 
C) the food must be high in potassium. 
D) the food must be low in sodium and low in potassium. 
A) the food must be low in sodium and high in potassium. 
B) the food must be low in sodium 
C) the food must be high in potassium. 
D) the food must be low in sodium and low in potassium.

Question 7

Why is water a good solvent?

Accepted Answer

A) it contains sodium and chloride ions. 
B) it dissolves lipids. 
C) it emulsifies lipids. 
D) it is polar. 
A) it contains sodium and chloride ions. 
B) it dissolves lipids. 
C) it emulsifies lipids. 
D) it is polar.

Question 8

Which organ is responsible for regulating the concentrations of sodium and chloride in the body?

Accepted Answer

A) brain 
B) kidneys 
C) liver 
D) pancreas 
A) brain 
B) kidneys 
C) liver 
D) pancreas

Question 9

Which body tissue has the lowest water content?

Accepted Answer

A) blood. 
B) bone. 
C) fat. 
D) muscle. 
A) blood. 
B) bone. 
C) fat. 
D) muscle.

Question 10

Where is most of the salt consumed by Canadians found?

Accepted Answer

A) found naturally in food. 
B) added during home preparation. 
C) added at the table. 
D) added to food during processing and manufacturing. 
A) found naturally in food. 
B) added during home preparation. 
C) added at the table. 
D) added to food during processing and manufacturing.

Question 11

Which statement accurately describes diet composition for during human history?

Accepted Answer

A) It has always been high in salt. 
B) It been higher in potassium and lower in sodium than today. 
C) It has been lower in both sodium and potassium than today. 
D) It has been higher in both sodium and potassium than today. 
A) It has always been high in salt. 
B) It been higher in potassium and lower in sodium than today. 
C) It has been lower in both sodium and potassium than today. 
D) It has been higher in both sodium and potassium than today.

Question 12

Which of the following is NOT a tip for reducing sodium intake?

Accepted Answer

A) Use food labels to select foods low in sodium. 
B) Prepare meals from scratch to control the amount of salt added. 
C) Drink 8-10 glasses of water per day to dilute salt in diet. 
D) Cut down on the consumption of processed cheese. 
A) Use food labels to select foods low in sodium. 
B) Prepare meals from scratch to control the amount of salt added. 
C) Drink 8-10 glasses of water per day to dilute salt in diet. 
D) Cut down on the consumption of processed cheese.

Question 13

Which of the following does NOT result from drinking a large amount of water after a long period of excessive sweating?

Accepted Answer

A) dilution of the sodium in the blood. 
B) water toxicity. 
C) nausea,muscle cramps,and confusion. 
D) rebound dehydration. 
A) dilution of the sodium in the blood. 
B) water toxicity. 
C) nausea,muscle cramps,and confusion. 
D) rebound dehydration.

Question 14

Which of the following statements is NOT a cause of electrolyte toxicity

Accepted Answer

A) competing in endurance sports 
B) compromised kidney function 
C) excessive potassium supplementation. 
D) drinking seawater 
A) competing in endurance sports 
B) compromised kidney function 
C) excessive potassium supplementation. 
D) drinking seawater

Question 15

Which statement best describes the approach of the Sodium Working Group to sodium reduction?

Accepted Answer

A) to first reduce average sodium intake to 2300 mg/day and then reduce it further so that 95% of Canadians consume less than the 2300 mg/day,mainly by having the food industry reformulate their products 
B) to reduce average sodium intake to 1500 mg/day in one step,mainly by having the food industry reformulate their products 
C) to to first reduce average sodium intake to 2300 mg/day and then reduce it further so that 95% of Canadians consume less than the 2300 mg/day,through intensive education of the general public so they can make proper food choices;the food industry would not be involved 
D) to reduce average sodium intake to 1500 mg/day in one step,through intensive education of the general public so they can make proper food choices;the food industry would not be involved 
A) to first reduce average sodium intake to 2300 mg/day and then reduce it further so that 95% of Canadians consume less than the 2300 mg/day,mainly by having the food industry reformulate their products 
B) to reduce average sodium intake to 1500 mg/day in one step,mainly by having the food industry reformulate their products 
C) to to first reduce average sodium intake to 2300 mg/day and then reduce it further so that 95% of Canadians consume less than the 2300 mg/day,through intensive education of the general public so they can make proper food choices;the food industry would not be involved 
D) to reduce average sodium intake to 1500 mg/day in one step,through intensive education of the general public so they can make proper food choices;the food industry would not be involved

Question 16

What is the function of synovial fluid?

Accepted Answer

A) to wash away dirt. 
B) to lubricate joints. 
C) to provide a protective cushion around the developing fetus. 
D) to lubricate the mouth. 
A) to wash away dirt. 
B) to lubricate joints. 
C) to provide a protective cushion around the developing fetus. 
D) to lubricate the mouth.

Question 17

Why are fluid requirements for infants proportionately greater than those for adults?

Accepted Answer

A) infants have less surface area for evaporation. 
B) infants are more active than adults. 
C) infants weigh less than adults. 
D) infants have immature kidneys that are not able to concentrate urine. 
A) infants have less surface area for evaporation. 
B) infants are more active than adults. 
C) infants weigh less than adults. 
D) infants have immature kidneys that are not able to concentrate urine.

Question 18

What is responsible of the polarity of water?

Accepted Answer

A) its activity as an ion. 
B) the equal sharing of electrons between the oxygen atoms and hydrogen atoms. 
C) additional time electrons spend around the oxygen atoms compared to the hydrogen atoms. 
D) additional time electrons spend around the hydrogen atoms compared to the oxygen atoms. 
A) its activity as an ion. 
B) the equal sharing of electrons between the oxygen atoms and hydrogen atoms. 
C) additional time electrons spend around the oxygen atoms compared to the hydrogen atoms. 
D) additional time electrons spend around the hydrogen atoms compared to the oxygen atoms.

Question 19

If sugar is sprinkled on a strawberry,how will osmosis cause water to move?

Accepted Answer

A) out of the strawberry,causing it to become bigger. 
B) out of the strawberry,causing it to become smaller. 
C) into the strawberry,causing it to become bigger. 
D) into the strawberry,causing it to become smaller. 
A) out of the strawberry,causing it to become bigger. 
B) out of the strawberry,causing it to become smaller. 
C) into the strawberry,causing it to become bigger. 
D) into the strawberry,causing it to become smaller.

Question 20

What condition has been linked to diets high in sodium?

Accepted Answer

A) cancer. 
B) diabetes. 
C) hypertension. 
D) thyroid disease. 
A) cancer. 
B) diabetes. 
C) hypertension. 
D) thyroid disease.

Exam 10: Water and the Electrolytes

Which statement best describes the composition of the DASH diet?

What are substances that separate into positively and negatively charged ions in water?

Which of the following best describes the distribution of sodium and potassium in the body?

Which is NOT a consequence of high blood pressure?

What is the criterion of adequacy used to set the AI for potassium?

What criteria is required in order to make the disease risk reduction claim related to blood pressure?

Why is water a good solvent?

Which organ is responsible for regulating the concentrations of sodium and chloride in the body?

Which body tissue has the lowest water content?

Where is most of the salt consumed by Canadians found?

Which statement accurately describes diet composition for during human history?

Which of the following is NOT a tip for reducing sodium intake?

Which of the following does NOT result from drinking a large amount of water after a long period of excessive sweating?

Which of the following statements is NOT a cause of electrolyte toxicity

Which statement best describes the approach of the Sodium Working Group to sodium reduction?

What is the function of synovial fluid?

Why are fluid requirements for infants proportionately greater than those for adults?

What is responsible of the polarity of water?

If sugar is sprinkled on a strawberry,how will osmosis cause water to move?

What condition has been linked to diets high in sodium?

Nutrition: Food for Health

Nutrition Guidelines: Applying the Science of Nutrition

Digestion, Absorption, and Metabolism

Carbohydrates: Sugars, Starches, and Fibre

Lipids

Proteins and Amino Acids

Energy Balance and Weight Management

A: the Water-Soluble Vitamins

The Fat-Soluble Vitamins

Major Minerals and Bone Health

The Trace Elements

Nutrition and Physical Activity

Nutrition During Pregnancy and Lactation

Nutrition From Infancy to Adolescence

Nutrition and Aging: the Adult Years

Food Safety

World Hunger and Malnutrition

Focus 1: Focus on Beyond the Basics

Focus 2: Focus on Alcohol

Focus 3: Focus on Obesity, Metabolism, and Disease Risk

Focus 4: Focus on Phytochemicals

Focus5:focus on Natural Health Products

Focus 6: Focus on Integrating Nutrient Function in the Body

Focus 7: Focus on Eating Disorders

Focus 8: Focus on Biotechnology

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