Question 1

Which of the following is LEAST likely to result in an increased need for water?

Accepted Answer

A) taking a calcium supplement daily 
B) eating a high fibre diet 
C) eating a high protein diet 
D) lactation 
A) taking a calcium supplement daily 
B) eating a high fibre diet 
C) eating a high protein diet 
D) lactation

Question 2

Which is NOT part of the Sodium Working Group's strategy for sodium reduction?

Accepted Answer

A) reducing sodium levels in processed foods and restaurant foods through the development of sodium reduction targets and voluntary product reformulation by the food industry to meet these targets. 
B) increasing education and awareness about sodium reduction in the food industry and health care professions. 
C) offering free blood pressure screening and dietary assessments. 
D) increasing research in health effects of sodium,food reformulation,and policy implementation. 
A) reducing sodium levels in processed foods and restaurant foods through the development of sodium reduction targets and voluntary product reformulation by the food industry to meet these targets. 
B) increasing education and awareness about sodium reduction in the food industry and health care professions. 
C) offering free blood pressure screening and dietary assessments. 
D) increasing research in health effects of sodium,food reformulation,and policy implementation.

Question 3

Which of the following is NOT an electrolytes?

Accepted Answer

A) bicarbonate 
B) calcium 
C) magnesium 
D) chlorine 
A) bicarbonate 
B) calcium 
C) magnesium 
D) chlorine

Question 4

Which is a consequence of electrolyte imbalance?

Accepted Answer

A) sudden heart failure. 
B) anorexia nervosa. 
C) disturbed acid-base balance. 
D) Both a and c. 
A) sudden heart failure. 
B) anorexia nervosa. 
C) disturbed acid-base balance. 
D) Both a and c.

Question 5

Which is NOT a reason why salt is added to processed food?

Accepted Answer

A) balance the electrolytes. 
B) inhibit the growth of bacteria. 
C) enhance flavour. 
D) act as a preservative. 
A) balance the electrolytes. 
B) inhibit the growth of bacteria. 
C) enhance flavour. 
D) act as a preservative.

Question 6

What are the criteria used ot set the AI for sodium?

Accepted Answer

A) the maximum amount of sodium that avoids adverse effects. 
B) an amount that replaces sodium lost in sweat 
C) an amount of sodium that also permits a nutritionally-balanced diet 
D) Both b & c. 
A) the maximum amount of sodium that avoids adverse effects. 
B) an amount that replaces sodium lost in sweat 
C) an amount of sodium that also permits a nutritionally-balanced diet 
D) Both b & c.

Question 7

Katie has just consumed a large bowl of canned soup,which is very high in sodium.She is salt-sensitive.How will her body react,compared to someone who is not salt-sensitive?

Accepted Answer

A) Katie will excrete sodium more readily and her blood vessels will dilate,causing her blood pressure to remain normal. 
B) Katie will excrete sodium more slowly and her blood vessels will constrict,causing her blood pressure to rise. 
C) Katie will excrete sodium more readily  and her blood vessels will contrict,causing her blood pressure to remain rise. 
D) Katie will excrete sodium at the same rate and her blood vessels will dilate,causing her blood pressure to remain normal. 
A) Katie will excrete sodium more readily and her blood vessels will dilate,causing her blood pressure to remain normal. 
B) Katie will excrete sodium more slowly and her blood vessels will constrict,causing her blood pressure to rise. 
C) Katie will excrete sodium more readily  and her blood vessels will contrict,causing her blood pressure to remain rise. 
D) Katie will excrete sodium at the same rate and her blood vessels will dilate,causing her blood pressure to remain normal.

Question 8

What circumstances will most effectively draws water from the interstitial fluid into the capillaries?

Accepted Answer

A) The presence,in the capillaries,of higher fluid pressure and a higher solute concentration. 
B) The presence,in the capillaries,of lower fluid pressure and a lower  solute concentration. 
C) The presence,in the capillaries of higher fluid pressure and a lower  solute concentration. 
D) The presence,in the capillaries,of lower  fluid pressure and a higher solute concentration. 
A) The presence,in the capillaries,of higher fluid pressure and a higher solute concentration. 
B) The presence,in the capillaries,of lower fluid pressure and a lower  solute concentration. 
C) The presence,in the capillaries of higher fluid pressure and a lower  solute concentration. 
D) The presence,in the capillaries,of lower  fluid pressure and a higher solute concentration.

Question 9

Why does an electrical charge or membrane potential exist across nerve cell membranes?

Accepted Answer

A) The cell membrane is permeable to sodium ions. 
B) The cell membrane allows more positively charged ions to leak out of the cell than to leak in. 
C) The membrane is impermeable to all ions. 
D) Water can flow freely across the membrane. 
A) The cell membrane is permeable to sodium ions. 
B) The cell membrane allows more positively charged ions to leak out of the cell than to leak in. 
C) The membrane is impermeable to all ions. 
D) Water can flow freely across the membrane.

Question 10

Which of the following is NOT an explanation of how water helps to regulate normal body temperature?

Accepted Answer

A) water holds heat and changes temperature slowly. 
B) when body temperature rises,sweat is produced which evaporates to cool the body. 
C) when body temperature falls,blood flow near the surface is restricted,conserving body heat. 
D) when body temperature falls,blood flow near the surface is increased to warm the body. 
A) water holds heat and changes temperature slowly. 
B) when body temperature rises,sweat is produced which evaporates to cool the body. 
C) when body temperature falls,blood flow near the surface is restricted,conserving body heat. 
D) when body temperature falls,blood flow near the surface is increased to warm the body.

Question 11

Canadians have a high intake of which minerals? A low intake?

Accepted Answer

A) High: sodium;Low: potassium and chloride. 
B) High: sodium;Low: phosphorous. 
C) High: iron;Low: potassium. 
D) High: sodium and chloride;Low:potassium. 
A) High: sodium;Low: potassium and chloride. 
B) High: sodium;Low: phosphorous. 
C) High: iron;Low: potassium. 
D) High: sodium and chloride;Low:potassium.

Question 12

What is a healthy blood pressure?

Accepted Answer

A) 120/80 mm of mercury or less. 
B) 140/90 mm of mercury or less. 
C) 160/100 mm of mercury or less. 
D) between 120/80 and 140/90. 
A) 120/80 mm of mercury or less. 
B) 140/90 mm of mercury or less. 
C) 160/100 mm of mercury or less. 
D) between 120/80 and 140/90.

Question 13

Which of the following is NOT an example of insensible water loss?

Accepted Answer

A) vapor lost in respiration 
B) moisture loss from skin 
C) fluid loss in diarrhea 
D) All of the above answer choices are correct. 
A) vapor lost in respiration 
B) moisture loss from skin 
C) fluid loss in diarrhea 
D) All of the above answer choices are correct.

Question 14

Which of the following acts to increase blood pressure?

Accepted Answer

A) angiotensin II 
B) calcitonin 
C) estrogen 
D) vitamin D 
A) angiotensin II 
B) calcitonin 
C) estrogen 
D) vitamin D

Question 15

Under what conditions do electrolyte deficiencies arise?

Accepted Answer

A) when people do not choose foods carefully. 
B) when losses are extreme e.g.diarrhea or excessive sweating 
C) when fewer than 8 glasses of water are consumed per day. 
D) when cold and flu medications are consumed 
A) when people do not choose foods carefully. 
B) when losses are extreme e.g.diarrhea or excessive sweating 
C) when fewer than 8 glasses of water are consumed per day. 
D) when cold and flu medications are consumed

Question 16

Which symptoms are common to both dehydration and water intoxication?

Accepted Answer

A) Mental confusion 
B) Dry mouth 
C) Dark-coloured urine 
D) hyponatremia 
A) Mental confusion 
B) Dry mouth 
C) Dark-coloured urine 
D) hyponatremia

Question 17

Sodium,chloride,and potassium in the body are examples of which group of compounds?

Accepted Answer

A) dissociates. 
B) electrolytes. 
C) phytates. 
D) solvents. 
A) dissociates. 
B) electrolytes. 
C) phytates. 
D) solvents.

Question 18

Which of the following individuals is at risk for dehydration?

Accepted Answer

A) an athlete,exercising in hot weather 
B) an elderly woman,just returning from a 4-hour airplane flight 
C) a child with diarrhea 
D) All of the above answer choices are correct. 
A) an athlete,exercising in hot weather 
B) an elderly woman,just returning from a 4-hour airplane flight 
C) a child with diarrhea 
D) All of the above answer choices are correct.

Question 19

Which is NOT a good sources of potassium?

Accepted Answer

A) tomatoes. 
B) bananas. 
C) snack crackers. 
D) potatoes. 
A) tomatoes. 
B) bananas. 
C) snack crackers. 
D) potatoes.

Question 20

Which of the following statements about the absorption of sodium,chloride,and potassium from the diet is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

A) The majority of these electrolytes are absorbed. 
B) The majority of these electrolytes pass through the digestive tract and out of the body. 
C) The body only absorbs what it needs from dietary sources. 
D) Minor changes in intake from day to day can upset the homeostatic mechanism. 
A) The majority of these electrolytes are absorbed. 
B) The majority of these electrolytes pass through the digestive tract and out of the body. 
C) The body only absorbs what it needs from dietary sources. 
D) Minor changes in intake from day to day can upset the homeostatic mechanism.

Exam 10: Water and the Electrolytes

Which of the following is LEAST likely to result in an increased need for water?

Which is NOT part of the Sodium Working Group's strategy for sodium reduction?

Which of the following is NOT an electrolytes?

Which is a consequence of electrolyte imbalance?

Which is NOT a reason why salt is added to processed food?

What are the criteria used ot set the AI for sodium?

Katie has just consumed a large bowl of canned soup,which is very high in sodium.She is salt-sensitive.How will her body react,compared to someone who is not salt-sensitive?

What circumstances will most effectively draws water from the interstitial fluid into the capillaries?

Why does an electrical charge or membrane potential exist across nerve cell membranes?

Which of the following is NOT an explanation of how water helps to regulate normal body temperature?

Canadians have a high intake of which minerals? A low intake?

What is a healthy blood pressure?

Which of the following is NOT an example of insensible water loss?

Which of the following acts to increase blood pressure?

Under what conditions do electrolyte deficiencies arise?

Which symptoms are common to both dehydration and water intoxication?

Sodium,chloride,and potassium in the body are examples of which group of compounds?

Which of the following individuals is at risk for dehydration?

Which is NOT a good sources of potassium?

Which of the following statements about the absorption of sodium,chloride,and potassium from the diet is TRUE?

Nutrition: Food for Health

Nutrition Guidelines: Applying the Science of Nutrition

Digestion, Absorption, and Metabolism

Carbohydrates: Sugars, Starches, and Fibre

Lipids

Proteins and Amino Acids

Energy Balance and Weight Management

A: the Water-Soluble Vitamins

The Fat-Soluble Vitamins

Major Minerals and Bone Health

The Trace Elements

Nutrition and Physical Activity

Nutrition During Pregnancy and Lactation

Nutrition From Infancy to Adolescence

Nutrition and Aging: the Adult Years

Food Safety

World Hunger and Malnutrition

Focus 1: Focus on Beyond the Basics

Focus 2: Focus on Alcohol

Focus 3: Focus on Obesity, Metabolism, and Disease Risk

Focus 4: Focus on Phytochemicals

Focus5:focus on Natural Health Products

Focus 6: Focus on Integrating Nutrient Function in the Body

Focus 7: Focus on Eating Disorders

Focus 8: Focus on Biotechnology

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