Question 1

When is the best time for a pregnant woman to begin exercising?

Accepted Answer

A) during the first trimester. 
B) during the second trimester. 
C) during the third trimester. 
D) All of the above answer choices are correct. 
A) during the first trimester. 
B) during the second trimester. 
C) during the third trimester. 
D) All of the above answer choices are correct.

Question 2

What is colic?

Accepted Answer

A) delayed growth patterns during infancy. 
B) inconsolable crying believed to be due to the immaturity of the central nervous system. 
C) infants who are developmentally and physically slow. 
D) infants who are unable to latch on to a nipple and suck. 
A) delayed growth patterns during infancy. 
B) inconsolable crying believed to be due to the immaturity of the central nervous system. 
C) infants who are developmentally and physically slow. 
D) infants who are unable to latch on to a nipple and suck.

Question 3

On what are weight gain recommendations during pregnancy based?

Accepted Answer

A) weight at the time of conception. 
B) ethnicity. 
C) waist-to-hip circumference ratio at the time of conception. 
D) ultrasound results (used to size the infant)taken during the first trimester of pregnancy. 
A) weight at the time of conception. 
B) ethnicity. 
C) waist-to-hip circumference ratio at the time of conception. 
D) ultrasound results (used to size the infant)taken during the first trimester of pregnancy.

Question 4

Why are calcium needs for the mother not increased during lactation?

Accepted Answer

A) The newborn infant is born with a six month supply of calcium in the skeleton. 
B) Calcium absorption is increased to meet additional needs. 
C) Calcium in breast milk comes from bone and is restored to bone shortly after weaning. 
D) The calcium content of breast milk is very low,compared to other mammals. 
A) The newborn infant is born with a six month supply of calcium in the skeleton. 
B) Calcium absorption is increased to meet additional needs. 
C) Calcium in breast milk comes from bone and is restored to bone shortly after weaning. 
D) The calcium content of breast milk is very low,compared to other mammals.

Question 5

When should solid foods be introduced into the infant's diet?

Accepted Answer

A) shortly after birth (within 2 weeks). 
B) around 6 months of age. 
C) around 1 year of age. 
D) around 1 month of age. 
A) shortly after birth (within 2 weeks). 
B) around 6 months of age. 
C) around 1 year of age. 
D) around 1 month of age.

Question 6

Which statement best describes "failure to thrive?"

Accepted Answer

A) The growth pattern observed in infants that are formula-fed rather than breastfed. 
B) An inability of a child's growth to keep up with normal growth curves. 
C) Times during growth and development when an infant is more susceptible to harm from poor nutrition or other environmental factors. 
D) Low weight gain during pregnancy. 
A) The growth pattern observed in infants that are formula-fed rather than breastfed. 
B) An inability of a child's growth to keep up with normal growth curves. 
C) Times during growth and development when an infant is more susceptible to harm from poor nutrition or other environmental factors. 
D) Low weight gain during pregnancy.

Question 7

In which of the following situations is bottle feeding more appropriate than breast feeding?

Accepted Answer

A) Mother is taking medication that can transfer to the breast milk 
B) Mother has an addiction to alcohol 
C) Mother is smoking 
D) All of the above 
A) Mother is taking medication that can transfer to the breast milk 
B) Mother has an addiction to alcohol 
C) Mother is smoking 
D) All of the above

Question 8

With respect to toxic substances and pregnancy,what is meant by a critical period of development?

Accepted Answer

A) a period of growth and development when an organism is most susceptible to harm from toxic substances 
B) socioeconomic factors that increase the mother's risk of exposure to toxic substances 
C) the way in which toxic substance interacts with other nutrients to cause maternal weight gain during pregnancy 
D) the role of toxic substances on the brain during the third trimester,when it is most vulnerable 
A) a period of growth and development when an organism is most susceptible to harm from toxic substances 
B) socioeconomic factors that increase the mother's risk of exposure to toxic substances 
C) the way in which toxic substance interacts with other nutrients to cause maternal weight gain during pregnancy 
D) the role of toxic substances on the brain during the third trimester,when it is most vulnerable

Question 9

What is colostrum?

Accepted Answer

A) a type of formula that has essential fatty acids (EPA and DH
A) added. 
B) the first fluid that is produced by the breast after delivery. 
C) the first stool passed by the infant after delivery. 
D) another name for mature milk produced by the breast. 
A) a type of formula that has essential fatty acids (EPA and DH
A) added. 
B) the first fluid that is produced by the breast after delivery. 
C) the first stool passed by the infant after delivery. 
D) another name for mature milk produced by the breast.

Question 10

A newborn infant is supplemented with vitamin B12.What is the most reasonable conclusion that can be made about the mother?

Accepted Answer

A) The mother is a vegetarian that eats milk and eggs. 
B) The mother is lactating and is consuming a very high intake of folate. 
C) The mother is not lactating;instead the newborn is being given formula. 
D) The mother is vegan and lactating. 
A) The mother is a vegetarian that eats milk and eggs. 
B) The mother is lactating and is consuming a very high intake of folate. 
C) The mother is not lactating;instead the newborn is being given formula. 
D) The mother is vegan and lactating.

Question 11

To reduce the incidence of neural tube defects,certain foods are now fortified with which nutrient?

Accepted Answer

A) iron 
B) vitamin B12 
C) calcium 
D) folic acid 
A) iron 
B) vitamin B12 
C) calcium 
D) folic acid

Question 12

Which would be an appropriate course of action for a normal weight woman during the preconception period?

Accepted Answer

A) take a multivitamin containing folic acid and adjust her diet to conform to Canada's Food Guide. 
B) Take a supplement that contains only folic acid (400 ug)and adjust her diet to conform to Canada's Food Guide. 
C) Lose about 2-4 kg of body weight to prevent excessive weight gain during pregnancy 
D) Both (b)and (c) 
A) take a multivitamin containing folic acid and adjust her diet to conform to Canada's Food Guide. 
B) Take a supplement that contains only folic acid (400 ug)and adjust her diet to conform to Canada's Food Guide. 
C) Lose about 2-4 kg of body weight to prevent excessive weight gain during pregnancy 
D) Both (b)and (c)

Question 13

What is the special characteristic of colostrum that make it so beneficial for the newborn infant?

Accepted Answer

A) it contains special fatty acids that promote infant growth 
B) it contains lactose which is an important energy source for the newborn 
C) it contains antibodies which are transferred to the infant giving it immunity to some diseases 
D) it contains proteins that are contain essential amino acids 
A) it contains special fatty acids that promote infant growth 
B) it contains lactose which is an important energy source for the newborn 
C) it contains antibodies which are transferred to the infant giving it immunity to some diseases 
D) it contains proteins that are contain essential amino acids

Question 14

Which hormone is responsible for the let-down reflex?

Accepted Answer

A) prolactin. 
B) estrogen. 
C) oxytocin. 
D) prolactin stimulating hormone. 
A) prolactin. 
B) estrogen. 
C) oxytocin. 
D) prolactin stimulating hormone.

Question 15

In humans,how long is a full-term pregnancy?

Accepted Answer

A) 35 weeks. 
B) 40 weeks. 
C) 45 weeks. 
D) 24 weeks. 
A) 35 weeks. 
B) 40 weeks. 
C) 45 weeks. 
D) 24 weeks.

Question 16

What is a teratogen?

Accepted Answer

A) an abnormal craving for and ingestion of unusual food and nonfood substances. 
B) a baby born with an extra digit (finger and/or toe). 
C) a substance that can cause birth defects. 
D) the unexplained death of an infant,usually during sleep. 
A) an abnormal craving for and ingestion of unusual food and nonfood substances. 
B) a baby born with an extra digit (finger and/or toe). 
C) a substance that can cause birth defects. 
D) the unexplained death of an infant,usually during sleep.

Question 17

Which statement best describes the fat requirement during pregnancy?

Accepted Answer

A) Extra fat is required to provide fuel for the developing fetus. 
B) Fat should make up 45% of the kcal consumed. 
C) Total fat does not need to increase,but there is an increased requirement for linoleic and alpha-linolenic fatty acids. 
D) There is an increased requirement for fish oils. 
A) Extra fat is required to provide fuel for the developing fetus. 
B) Fat should make up 45% of the kcal consumed. 
C) Total fat does not need to increase,but there is an increased requirement for linoleic and alpha-linolenic fatty acids. 
D) There is an increased requirement for fish oils.

Question 18

Which of the following is NOT a growth indicator in infants?

Accepted Answer

A) Weight 
B) Length 
C) Head circumference 
D) Waist circumference 
A) Weight 
B) Length 
C) Head circumference 
D) Waist circumference

Question 19

Which nutrient is correctly matched to its function?

Accepted Answer

A) iron: to prevent megaloblastic anemia in mother 
B) vitamin B12: to prevent anemia and,in combination with folic acid,neural tube defects 
C) zinc: required for synthesis of DNA,RNA and proteins 
D) Both (b)and (c) 
A) iron: to prevent megaloblastic anemia in mother 
B) vitamin B12: to prevent anemia and,in combination with folic acid,neural tube defects 
C) zinc: required for synthesis of DNA,RNA and proteins 
D) Both (b)and (c)

Question 20

Which of the following is the cell produced by the union of sperm and ovum during fertilization?

Accepted Answer

A) embryo. 
B) fetus. 
C) zygote. 
D) trophoblast. 
A) embryo. 
B) fetus. 
C) zygote. 
D) trophoblast.

Exam 14: Nutrition During Pregnancy and Lactation

When is the best time for a pregnant woman to begin exercising?

What is colic?

On what are weight gain recommendations during pregnancy based?

Why are calcium needs for the mother not increased during lactation?

When should solid foods be introduced into the infant's diet?

Which statement best describes "failure to thrive?"

In which of the following situations is bottle feeding more appropriate than breast feeding?

With respect to toxic substances and pregnancy,what is meant by a critical period of development?

What is colostrum?

A newborn infant is supplemented with vitamin B12.What is the most reasonable conclusion that can be made about the mother?

To reduce the incidence of neural tube defects,certain foods are now fortified with which nutrient?

Which would be an appropriate course of action for a normal weight woman during the preconception period?

What is the special characteristic of colostrum that make it so beneficial for the newborn infant?

Which hormone is responsible for the let-down reflex?

In humans,how long is a full-term pregnancy?

What is a teratogen?

Which statement best describes the fat requirement during pregnancy?

Which of the following is NOT a growth indicator in infants?

Which nutrient is correctly matched to its function?

Which of the following is the cell produced by the union of sperm and ovum during fertilization?

Nutrition: Food for Health

Nutrition Guidelines: Applying the Science of Nutrition

Digestion, Absorption, and Metabolism

Carbohydrates: Sugars, Starches, and Fibre

Lipids

Proteins and Amino Acids

Energy Balance and Weight Management

A: the Water-Soluble Vitamins

The Fat-Soluble Vitamins

Water and the Electrolytes

Major Minerals and Bone Health

The Trace Elements

Nutrition and Physical Activity

Nutrition From Infancy to Adolescence

Nutrition and Aging: the Adult Years

Food Safety

World Hunger and Malnutrition

Focus 1: Focus on Beyond the Basics

Focus 2: Focus on Alcohol

Focus 3: Focus on Obesity, Metabolism, and Disease Risk

Focus 4: Focus on Phytochemicals

Focus5:focus on Natural Health Products

Focus 6: Focus on Integrating Nutrient Function in the Body

Focus 7: Focus on Eating Disorders

Focus 8: Focus on Biotechnology

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