Question 1

Triglycerides are composed of which two compounds linked through an ester functionality?

Accepted Answer

A)  glycerol and long chain monoalcohols 
B)  glycine and carboxylic acids 
C)  glycerol and long-chain monocarboxylic acids 
D)  lauric acid and glucose 
E)  ethylene glycol and dicarboxylic acids 
A)  glycerol and long chain monoalcohols 
B)  glycine and carboxylic acids 
C)  glycerol and long-chain monocarboxylic acids 
D)  lauric acid and glucose 
E)  ethylene glycol and dicarboxylic acids

Question 2

The hydrolysis of tristearin produces the soap potassium stearate and ________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The hydrolysis of tristearin produces the soap...

Question 3

Choose the INCORRECT statement.

Accepted Answer

A)  Two molecules that are nonsuperimposable mirror images of one another are optical isomers. 
B)  Enantiomers are molecules that are mirror images of one another which are superimposable. 
C)  A dextrorotatory isomer rotates plane polarized light to the right. 
D)  Optical isomers generally have one carbon with 4 different groups attached to it. 
E)  A carbon atom with 4 different groups attached to it is called a chiral center. 
A)  Two molecules that are nonsuperimposable mirror images of one another are optical isomers. 
B)  Enantiomers are molecules that are mirror images of one another which are superimposable. 
C)  A dextrorotatory isomer rotates plane polarized light to the right. 
D)  Optical isomers generally have one carbon with 4 different groups attached to it. 
E)  A carbon atom with 4 different groups attached to it is called a chiral center.

Question 4

What is the common name of the following glycose shown in Fischer notation?

Accepted Answer

A)  D-glyceraldehyde 
B)  L-glyceraldehyde 
C)  s-glyceraldehyde 
D)  (-)-glyceraldehyde 
E)  D-erythrose 
A)  D-glyceraldehyde 
B)  L-glyceraldehyde 
C)  s-glyceraldehyde 
D)  (-)-glyceraldehyde 
E)  D-erythrose

Question 5

A glycerol ester of unsaturated fatty acids best describes a(n):

Accepted Answer

A)  vegetable oil 
B)  vegetable starch 
C)  animal fat 
D)  lipid 
E)  wax 
A)  vegetable oil 
B)  vegetable starch 
C)  animal fat 
D)  lipid 
E)  wax

Question 6

Choose the INCORRECT statement.

Accepted Answer

A)  When the long chain monocarboxylic acids are removed from a triglyceride they are called fatty acids. 
B)  Saturated fatty acids have multiple double bonds. 
C)  Glycerides can be hydrolyzed in alkaline solution to glycerol and salts of fatty acids. 
D)  Salts of fatty acids are called soaps. 
E)  The hydrolysis of triglycerides is called saponification. 
A)  When the long chain monocarboxylic acids are removed from a triglyceride they are called fatty acids. 
B)  Saturated fatty acids have multiple double bonds. 
C)  Glycerides can be hydrolyzed in alkaline solution to glycerol and salts of fatty acids. 
D)  Salts of fatty acids are called soaps. 
E)  The hydrolysis of triglycerides is called saponification.

Question 7

A protein molecule has a molecular weight of 7.70 × 105. The mass percent of magnesium in the protein is 3.16 × 10-3 %. How many magnesium atoms are there in one protein molecule?

Accepted Answer

A)  1 
B)  2 
C)  3 
D)  24 
E)  5 
A)  1 
B)  2 
C)  3 
D)  24 
E)  5

Question 8

Glycine is a(n):

Accepted Answer

A)  nucleic acid 
B)  optically active compound 
C)  carbohydrate 
D)  amino acid 
E)  lipid 
A)  nucleic acid 
B)  optically active compound 
C)  carbohydrate 
D)  amino acid 
E)  lipid

Question 9

Many insecticides contain compounds which inhibit the enzyme acetylcholine esterase which is essential for respiration and other vital functions in insects. These compounds exert their inhibitory effects by covalently bonding to active site amino acid side chains. What would be the most likely explanation for the inhibitory effects of these compounds?

Accepted Answer

A)  Bonding of these compounds denatures the enzyme disrupting its secondary and tertiary structure. 
B)  Bonding changes the primary structure of the enzyme profoundly affecting the activity of the enzyme. 
C)  These compounds compete for the active site of the enzyme where they bind covalently and block the subsequent binding of substrate molecules. 
D)  Covalent bonding of these compounds changes the pI of the enzyme which causes it to become less soluble and precipitate. 
E)  Bonding of these compounds raises the activation energy of the reaction catalyzed by the enzyme. 
A)  Bonding of these compounds denatures the enzyme disrupting its secondary and tertiary structure. 
B)  Bonding changes the primary structure of the enzyme profoundly affecting the activity of the enzyme. 
C)  These compounds compete for the active site of the enzyme where they bind covalently and block the subsequent binding of substrate molecules. 
D)  Covalent bonding of these compounds changes the pI of the enzyme which causes it to become less soluble and precipitate. 
E)  Bonding of these compounds raises the activation energy of the reaction catalyzed by the enzyme.

Question 10

Which of the following contains less than six carbon atoms?

Accepted Answer

A)  deoxyribose 
B)  glucose 
C)  aldohexose 
D)  methylcyclopentane 
E)  benzene 
A)  deoxyribose 
B)  glucose 
C)  aldohexose 
D)  methylcyclopentane 
E)  benzene

Question 11

Apart from bringing the reactants close together, how does the binding of substrates in the active site of the enzyme serve to catalyze a reaction?

Accepted Answer

A)  Binding lowers the activation energy of the reaction. 
B)  Enzymes provide energy upon substrate binding to drive the reaction. 
C)  Binding of the substrate maintains the optimal temperature for the reaction. 
D)  Binding maintains the optimal pH for enzyme activity. 
E)  Binding lowers the energy of the products increasing the reaction rate. 
A)  Binding lowers the activation energy of the reaction. 
B)  Enzymes provide energy upon substrate binding to drive the reaction. 
C)  Binding of the substrate maintains the optimal temperature for the reaction. 
D)  Binding maintains the optimal pH for enzyme activity. 
E)  Binding lowers the energy of the products increasing the reaction rate.

Question 12

What is the chemical structure of the tetrapeptide (H2N-end)-Ala-Cys-Asp-Glu?

Accepted Answer

H₂NCH(CH₃)C(O)NHCH(CH₂S

Question 13

Which of the following readily dissolve in nonpolar solvents?

Accepted Answer

A)  proteins 
B)  nucleic acids 
C)  glycine 
D)  lipids 
E)  enzymes 
A)  proteins 
B)  nucleic acids 
C)  glycine 
D)  lipids 
E)  enzymes

Question 14

A mixture of the three amino acids shown below was buffered to pH 7.0 and placed in the center of an electric field with the cathode to the left and the anode to the right. From left to right, what would be the positional order of the amino acids after sufficient time to allow migration?

Accepted Answer

A)  A, B, C 
B)  B, C, A 
C)  B, A, C 
D)  C, B, A 
E)  C, A, B 
A)  A, B, C 
B)  B, C, A 
C)  B, A, C 
D)  C, B, A 
E)  C, A, B

Question 15

Choose the INCORRECT statement.

Accepted Answer

A)  Unsaturation in a fat or oil can be removed by hydrogenation. 
B)  Unsaturation can be removed by the catalytic addition of hydrogen. 
C)  Removing unsaturation raises the melting point of the fat or oil. 
D)  Margarines are oils, fortified with color. 
E)  Fats and oils become rancid when exposed to heat, air, and light. 
A)  Unsaturation in a fat or oil can be removed by hydrogenation. 
B)  Unsaturation can be removed by the catalytic addition of hydrogen. 
C)  Removing unsaturation raises the melting point of the fat or oil. 
D)  Margarines are oils, fortified with color. 
E)  Fats and oils become rancid when exposed to heat, air, and light.

Question 16

What is the correct structure for glyceryltrilinolenate?

Accepted Answer

A) CH2-OOC(CH2)7(CH=CHCH2)3CH3 ∣
CH2-OOC(CH2)7(CH=CHCH2)3CH3
∣
CH2-OOC(CH2)7(CH=CHCH2)3CH3 
B) CH2-OOC(CH2)16CH3 ∣
CH2-OOC(CH2)16CH3
∣
CH2-OOC(CH2)16CH3 
C)  CH2OH ∣
CHOH
∣
CH2OH 
D)  CH2-OOC(CH2)14CH3 ∣
CH2-OOC(CH2)14CH3
∣
CH2-OOC(CH2)14CH3 
E)  O=HOC(CH2)2CH3 
A) CH2-OOC(CH2)7(CH=CHCH2)3CH3 ∣
CH2-OOC(CH2)7(CH=CHCH2)3CH3
∣
CH2-OOC(CH2)7(CH=CHCH2)3CH3 
B) CH2-OOC(CH2)16CH3 ∣
CH2-OOC(CH2)16CH3
∣
CH2-OOC(CH2)16CH3 
C)  CH2OH ∣
CHOH
∣
CH2OH 
D)  CH2-OOC(CH2)14CH3 ∣
CH2-OOC(CH2)14CH3
∣
CH2-OOC(CH2)14CH3 
E)  O=HOC(CH2)2CH3

Question 17

Which of the following is an aromatic amino acid?

Accepted Answer

A)  leucine 
B)  tryptophan 
C)  arginine 
D)  cysteine 
E)  alanine 
A)  leucine 
B)  tryptophan 
C)  arginine 
D)  cysteine 
E)  alanine

Question 18

Which of the following is a minor component of a cell?

Accepted Answer

A)  amino acids 
B)  carbohydrates 
C)  proteins 
D)  nucleic acids 
E)  hormones 
A)  amino acids 
B)  carbohydrates 
C)  proteins 
D)  nucleic acids 
E)  hormones

Question 19

Salt linkages:

Accepted Answer

A)  occur between acidic and basic R groups 
B)  join two halves of cysteine 
C)  occur between purine and pyrimidine bases 
D)  occur in sugars 
E)  connect the cell with the environment 
A)  occur between acidic and basic R groups 
B)  join two halves of cysteine 
C)  occur between purine and pyrimidine bases 
D)  occur in sugars 
E)  connect the cell with the environment

Exam 28: Chemistry of the Living State

Triglycerides are composed of which two compounds linked through an ester functionality?

The hydrolysis of tristearin produces the soap potassium stearate and ________.

Choose the INCORRECT statement.

What is the common name of the following glycose shown in Fischer notation?

A glycerol ester of unsaturated fatty acids best describes a(n):

Choose the INCORRECT statement.

A protein molecule has a molecular weight of 7.70 × 105. The mass percent of magnesium in the protein is 3.16 × 10-3 %. How many magnesium atoms are there in one protein molecule?

Glycine is a(n):

Which of the following contains less than six carbon atoms?

Apart from bringing the reactants close together, how does the binding of substrates in the active site of the enzyme serve to catalyze a reaction?

What is the chemical structure of the tetrapeptide (H2N-end)-Ala-Cys-Asp-Glu?

Which of the following readily dissolve in nonpolar solvents?

A mixture of the three amino acids shown below was buffered to pH 7.0 and placed in the center of an electric field with the cathode to the left and the anode to the right. From left to right, what would be the positional order of the amino acids after sufficient time to allow migration?

Choose the INCORRECT statement.

What is the correct structure for glyceryltrilinolenate?

Which of the following is an aromatic amino acid?

Which of the following is a minor component of a cell?

Salt linkages:

Matter - Its Properties and Measurement

Atoms and the Atomic Theory

Chemical Compounds

Chemical Reactions

Introduction to Reactions in Aqueous Solutions

Gases

Thermochemistry

Electrons in Atoms

The Periodic Table and Some Atomic Properties

Chemical Bonding I: Basic Concepts

Chemical Bonding II: Additional Aspects

Intermolecular Forces: Liquids and Solids

Solutions and Their Physical Properties

Chemical Kinetics

Principles of Chemical Equilibrium

Acids and Bases

Additional Aspects of Acid-Base Equilibria

Solubility and Complex-Ion Equilibria

Spontaneous Change: Entropy and Free Energy

Electrochemistry

Main Group Elements I: Groups 1, 2, 13, and 14

Main Group Elements II: Groups 18, 17, 16, 15, and Hydrogen

The Transition Elements

Complex Ions and Coordination Compounds

Nuclear Chemistry 1-41

Structures of Organic Compounds

Reactions of Organic Compounds

Filters

A protein molecule has a molecular weight of 7.70 × 10⁵. The mass percent of magnesium in the protein is 3.16 × 10^-3 %. How many magnesium atoms are there in one protein molecule?

What is the chemical structure of the tetrapeptide (H₂N-end)-Ala-Cys-Asp-Glu?