Exam 13: Analysis of Financial Statements

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Describe ratio analysis including its purpose, application, and interpretation.

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The gross margin ratio, return on total assets, and basic earnings per share are all ________ ratios.

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A common focus of financial statement users in evaluating a company's performance and financial condition includes evaluating its (1) ________, (2) ________, and (3) ________.

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The purposes of financial statement analysis include all of the following except:

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Graphical analysis of the balance sheet can be useful in assessing sources of financing.

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Match each of the following terms with the appropriate definitions.
A company's ability to generate future revenues and meet long-term obligations.
Liquidity and efficiency
A company's ability to generate positive market expectations.
Market prospects
A statement where each amount is expressed as a percent of a base amount to reveal the relative importance of each financial statement item.
Profitability
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Premises:
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A company's ability to generate future revenues and meet long-term obligations.
Liquidity and efficiency
A company's ability to generate positive market expectations.
Market prospects
A statement where each amount is expressed as a percent of a base amount to reveal the relative importance of each financial statement item.
Profitability
Examination of financial data across time.
Common-size financial statement
A measure of solvency presented as the ratio of total liabilities to total equity.
Vertical analysis
The application of analytical tools to general-purpose financial statements and related data for making business decisions.
Solvency
A company's ability to provide financial rewards sufficient to attract and retain capital.
Debt to equity ratio
A statement with amounts for two or more successive accounting periods placed in side-by-side columns, often with changes shown in dollar amounts and percentages.
Financial statement analysis
The availability of resources to meet short-term obligations and to efficiently generate revenues.
Comparative financial statement
The comparison of a company's financial condition and performance to a base amount.
Horizontal analysis
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The base amount for a common-size balance sheet is usually total assets.

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A company with a high inventory turnover requires a smaller investment in inventory than one producing the same sales with a lower turnover.

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A company that has days' sales uncollected of 30 days and days' sales in inventory of 18 days implies that inventory will be converted to cash in about 12 days.

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Use the following selected information from Whitman Corp. to determine the Year 1 and Year 2 common size percentages for cost of goods sold using Net sales as the base. Year 2 Year 1 Net sales \ 276,200 \ 231,400 Cost of goods sold 151,900 129,590 Operating expenses 55,240 53,240 Net earnings 27,820 19,820

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The comparison of a company's financial condition and performance across time is known as ________.

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Describe the purpose of horizontal financial statement analysis and how it is applied.

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The dollar change for a comparative financial statement item is calculated by:

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Comparative statements for Warmer Corporation are shown below: Comparative statements for Warmer Corporation are shown below:      Calculate trend percentages for all income statement amounts shown and comment on the results. Use Year 1 as the base year.Comment on the results. Calculate trend percentages for all income statement amounts shown and comment on the results. Use Year 1 as the base year.Comment on the results.

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Trend analysis of financial statement items can include comparisons of relations between items on different financial statements.

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Refer to the following selected financial information from Gomez Electronics. Compute the company's profit margin for Year 2. Year 2 Year 1 Net sales \ 478,500 \ 426,250 Cost of goods sold 276,300 250,120 Interest expense 9,700 10,700 Net income before tax 67,250 52,680 Net income after tax 46,050 39,900 Total assets 317,100 288,000 Total liabilities 181,400 167,300 Total equity 135,700 120,700

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Describe the purpose of vertical financial statement analysis and how it is applied.

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Calculate the percent increases for each of the following selected balance sheet items. Calculate the percent increases for each of the following selected balance sheet items.

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The current ratio is calculated as total assets divided by current assets.

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The executive summary of a financial statement analysis report includes the evidential matter, assumptions, and inferences for the report.

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