Exam 13: Prejudice: Causes and Cures

Walter Stephan (1978)conducted a careful study of the effects of school desegregation.Contrary to results found in the study of the desegregation of housing projects,Stephan found that

In what sense is the ultimate attribution error related to attribution concepts like dispositional versus situational attributions?

Suppose that Herman is prejudiced toward members of Group A.Increasing Herman's contact with Group A is most likely to reduce his prejudice if

British social psychologist Henri Tajfel (1982)asserted that in-group bias is

Kunda and Oleson (1997)presented participants with just one or two examples of information that strongly challenged their pre-existing stereotypes.These researchers found that,when presented with just one or two examples that challenge a strongly held stereotype,people

Stereotypes are the ____ component of a negative attitude toward a group of people.

Which of the following is an example of discrimination?

Juliet is Jewish,and is going on a date with a Catholic."Just don't bring up abortion-you know all Catholics are pro-life," cautions her sister.Juliet's sister is exhibiting the bias known as

Recall that Galen Bodenhausen and Robert Wyer (1985)systematically varied the contents of prisoners' (fictitious)parole files provided to participants.They found that when ____ participants were more harsh in their parole recommendations.

Stereotypes are harmful to the extent they

"Female humans are more nurturant than males,because throughout time,females who were poor nurturers did not successfully pass on 'non-nurturant' genes." This assertion would have been made by a(n) ____ psychologist.

Keep in mind Gordon Allport's (1954)description of stereotyping as "the law of least effort." From Allport's perspective,people are often

How are stereotypes likely to change? Evidence indicates that

Given Gordon Allport's (1954)description of the necessary preconditions for contact to reduce prejudice and conflict,why did desegregation efforts as originally enacted fail?

Recall that Muzafer Sherif and his colleagues (1961)created conflict between two groups of boys in a summer camp.Intergroup hostility was relatively easy to generate.To do this,the researchers first ____ and then ____.

The major difference between the scapegoat theory of prejudice and the realistic conflict theory of prejudice is that the scapegoat theory is applicable when