Question 1

Additional vascular tissue produced as secondary growth in a root originates from which cells?

Accepted Answer

A)  vascular cambium 
B)  apical meristem 
C)  endodermis 
D)  phloem 
E)  xylem 
A)  vascular cambium 
B)  apical meristem 
C)  endodermis 
D)  phloem 
E)  xylem

Question 2

Heartwood and sapwood consist of

Accepted Answer

A)  bark. 
B)  periderm. 
C)  secondary xylem. 
D)  secondary phloem. 
E)  cork. 
A)  bark. 
B)  periderm. 
C)  secondary xylem. 
D)  secondary phloem. 
E)  cork.

Question 3

Which of the following statements about growth in plants is true?

Accepted Answer

A)  Primary growth is localized at meristems, whereas secondary growth is localized at buds. 
B)  Some plants lack secondary growth. 
C)  Secondary growth occurs only in stems. 
D)  Reproductive structures are produced by secondary growth. 
E)  Monocots have only primary growth, and eudicots have only secondary growth. 
A)  Primary growth is localized at meristems, whereas secondary growth is localized at buds. 
B)  Some plants lack secondary growth. 
C)  Secondary growth occurs only in stems. 
D)  Reproductive structures are produced by secondary growth. 
E)  Monocots have only primary growth, and eudicots have only secondary growth.

Question 4

Which cells are no longer capable of carrying out the process of DNA transcription?

Accepted Answer

A)  tracheids 
B)  mature mesophyll cells 
C)  companion cells 
D)  meristematic cells 
E)  glandular cells 
A)  tracheids 
B)  mature mesophyll cells 
C)  companion cells 
D)  meristematic cells 
E)  glandular cells

Question 5

Mesophyll in leaves is located between the

Accepted Answer

A)  epidermis and endodermis. 
B)  epidermis and xylem. 
C)  phloem and epidermis. 
D)  stomata and mesophyll. 
E)  upper and lower epidermis. 
A)  epidermis and endodermis. 
B)  epidermis and xylem. 
C)  phloem and epidermis. 
D)  stomata and mesophyll. 
E)  upper and lower epidermis.

Question 6

An association between the roots of a terrestrial plant with soil fungus is referred as

Accepted Answer

A)  parasitism. 
B)  symbiosis. 
C)  autotrophism. 
D)  heterotrophism. 
E)  saprobism. 
A)  parasitism. 
B)  symbiosis. 
C)  autotrophism. 
D)  heterotrophism. 
E)  saprobism.

Question 7

The vascular bundle in the shape of a single central cylinder in a root is called the

Accepted Answer

A)  cortex. 
B)  stele. 
C)  endodermis. 
D)  periderm. 
E)  pith. 
A)  cortex. 
B)  stele. 
C)  endodermis. 
D)  periderm. 
E)  pith.

Question 8

Which of the following environmental factors plays a critical role in plant photosynthesis?

Accepted Answer

A)  CO₂ and O₂ 
B)  O₂ and light 
C)  O₂ and chlorophyll in mesophyll 
D)  light and CO₂ 
E)  light, chlorophyll, and CO₂ 
A)  CO₂ and O₂ 
B)  O₂ and light 
C)  O₂ and chlorophyll in mesophyll 
D)  light and CO₂ 
E)  light, chlorophyll, and CO₂

Question 9

The innermost layer of the root cortex is the

Accepted Answer

A)  core. 
B)  pericycle. 
C)  endodermis. 
D)  pith. 
A)  core. 
B)  pericycle. 
C)  endodermis. 
D)  pith.

Question 10

Compared to most animals, the growth of most plants is best described as

Accepted Answer

A)  perennial. 
B)  weedy. 
C)  indeterminate. 
D)  derivative. 
E)  primary. 
A)  perennial. 
B)  weedy. 
C)  indeterminate. 
D)  derivative. 
E)  primary.

Question 11

Figure 28.2
-A typical eudicot root is represented by

Accepted Answer

A)  I only. 
B)  II only. 
C)  III only. 
D)  IV only. 
E)  both I and III. 
A)  I only. 
B)  II only. 
C)  III only. 
D)  IV only. 
E)  both I and III.

Question 12

Figure 28.1
-The characteristic feature of typical parenchyma tissue is

Accepted Answer

A)  a thick cell wall. 
B)  large intercellular space. 
C)  lignin filled intercellular spaces. 
D)  inability to divide. 
E)  transportation. 
A)  a thick cell wall. 
B)  large intercellular space. 
C)  lignin filled intercellular spaces. 
D)  inability to divide. 
E)  transportation.

Question 13

Which tissue is responsible for the recovery and rapid growth of damaged leaves of grass grazed by sheep in a pasture?

Accepted Answer

A)  parenchyma 
B)  apical meristem 
C)  axillary buds 
D)  mesophyll 
E)  intercalary meristem 
A)  parenchyma 
B)  apical meristem 
C)  axillary buds 
D)  mesophyll 
E)  intercalary meristem

Question 14

Which of the following tissues played a very critical role in the process of evolution to produce the great biodiversity of flowering plant species?

Accepted Answer

A)  lateral meristem 
B)  apical meristem 
C)  mesophyll 
D)  endodermis 
E)  xylem and phloem 
A)  lateral meristem 
B)  apical meristem 
C)  mesophyll 
D)  endodermis 
E)  xylem and phloem

Question 15

Suppose George Washington completely removed the bark from around the base of a cherry tree but was stopped by his father before cutting the tree down. The leaves retained their normal appearance for several weeks, but the tree eventually died. The tissue(s) that George left functional was/were the

Accepted Answer

A)  phloem. 
B)  xylem. 
C)  cork cambium. 
D)  cortex. 
E)  companion and sieve-tube members. 
A)  phloem. 
B)  xylem. 
C)  cork cambium. 
D)  cortex. 
E)  companion and sieve-tube members.

Question 16

Which of the following tissue types transport water and minerals over long distances in angiosperms?

Accepted Answer

A)  parenchyma cells 
B)  collenchyma cells 
C)  sclerenchyma cells 
D)  vessel elements 
E)  sieve-tube elements 
A)  parenchyma cells 
B)  collenchyma cells 
C)  sclerenchyma cells 
D)  vessel elements 
E)  sieve-tube elements

Question 17

Which part of a plant absorbs most of the water and minerals taken up from the soil?

Accepted Answer

A)  root cap 
B)  root hairs 
C)  the thick parts of the roots near the base of the stem 
D)  storage roots 
E)  sections of the root that have secondary xylem 
A)  root cap 
B)  root hairs 
C)  the thick parts of the roots near the base of the stem 
D)  storage roots 
E)  sections of the root that have secondary xylem

Question 18

Axillary buds

Accepted Answer

A)  are initiated by the cork cambium. 
B)  have dormant meristematic cells. 
C)  are composed of a series of internodes lacking nodes. 
D)  grow immediately into shoot branches. 
E)  do not form a vascular connection with the primary shoot. 
A)  are initiated by the cork cambium. 
B)  have dormant meristematic cells. 
C)  are composed of a series of internodes lacking nodes. 
D)  grow immediately into shoot branches. 
E)  do not form a vascular connection with the primary shoot.

Question 19

CO₂ enters the inner spaces of the leaf through the

Accepted Answer

A)  cuticle. 
B)  epidermal trichomes. 
C)  stoma. 
D)  phloem. 
E)  walls of guard cells. 
A)  cuticle. 
B)  epidermal trichomes. 
C)  stoma. 
D)  phloem. 
E)  walls of guard cells.

Question 20

Which of the following are most responsible for supporting mature, nongrowing parts of the plant?

Accepted Answer

A)  parenchyma cells 
B)  collenchyma cells 
C)  trichomes 
D)  tracheids and vessel elements 
E)  sieve-tube elements 
A)  parenchyma cells 
B)  collenchyma cells 
C)  trichomes 
D)  tracheids and vessel elements 
E)  sieve-tube elements

Exam 28: Plant Structure and Growth

Additional vascular tissue produced as secondary growth in a root originates from which cells?

Heartwood and sapwood consist of

Which of the following statements about growth in plants is true?

Which cells are no longer capable of carrying out the process of DNA transcription?

Mesophyll in leaves is located between the

An association between the roots of a terrestrial plant with soil fungus is referred as

The vascular bundle in the shape of a single central cylinder in a root is called the

Which of the following environmental factors plays a critical role in plant photosynthesis?

The innermost layer of the root cortex is the

Compared to most animals, the growth of most plants is best described as

Figure 28.2 -A typical eudicot root is represented by

Figure 28.1 -The characteristic feature of typical parenchyma tissue is

Which tissue is responsible for the recovery and rapid growth of damaged leaves of grass grazed by sheep in a pasture?

Which of the following tissues played a very critical role in the process of evolution to produce the great biodiversity of flowering plant species?

Suppose George Washington completely removed the bark from around the base of a cherry tree but was stopped by his father before cutting the tree down. The leaves retained their normal appearance for several weeks, but the tree eventually died. The tissue(s) that George left functional was/were the

Which of the following tissue types transport water and minerals over long distances in angiosperms?

Which part of a plant absorbs most of the water and minerals taken up from the soil?

Axillary buds

CO₂ enters the inner spaces of the leaf through the

Which of the following are most responsible for supporting mature, nongrowing parts of the plant?

Introduction: Evolution and the Foundations of Biology

The Chemical Context of Life

Carbon and the Molecular Diversity of Life

A Tour of the Cell

Membrane Transport and Cell Signaling

An Introduction to Metabolism

Cellular Respiration and Fermentation

Photosynthesis

The Cell Cycle

Meiosis and Sexual Life Cycles

Mendel and the Gene Idea

The Chromosomal Basis of Inheritance

The Molecular Basis of Inheritance

Gene Expression: From Gene to Protein

Regulation of Gene Expression

Development, Stem Cells, and Cancer

Viruses

Genomes and Their Evolution

Descent With Modification

Phylogeny

The Evolution of Populations

The Origin of Species

Broad Patterns of Evolution

Early Life and the Diversification of Prokaryotes

The Origin and Diversification of Eukaryotes

The Colonization of Land by Plants and Fungi

The Rise of Animal Diversity

Resource Acquisition, Nutrition, and Transport in Vascular Plants

Reproduction and Domestication of Flowering Plants

Plant Responses to Internal and External Signals

Homeostasis and Endocrine Signaling

Animal Nutrition

Circulation and Gas Exchange

The Immune System

Reproduction and Development

Neurons, Synapses, and Signaling

Nervous and Sensory Systems

Motor Mechanisms and Behavior

Population Ecology and the Distribution of Organisms

Species Interactions

Ecosystems and Energy

Global Ecology and Conservation Biology

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