Exam 40: Population Ecology and the Distribution of Organisms

If a meteor impact or volcanic eruption injected a lot of dust into the atmosphere and reduced the sunlight reaching Earth's surface by 70% for one year, which of the following marine communities most likely would be least affected?

Which of the following could be a density-independent factor limiting human population growth?

What is a metapopulation?

Logistic growth of a population is represented by dN/dt =

Figure 40.2 shows a generalized cross section of the marine environment with various zones labeled with letters. Choose the number that best answers the question(s). Figure 40.2 -Which zone has the lowest biomass per unit of volume?

Please use the following information to answer the question(s) below. In areas of permafrost, stands of black spruce are frequently observed in the landscape, whereas other tree species are noticeably absent. Often these stands are referred to as "drunken forests" because many of the black spruce are displaced from their normal vertical alignment. -Imagine that you are managing a large game ranch. You know from historical accounts that a species of deer used to live there, but they have been extirpated. You decide to reintroduce them. After doing some research to determine what might be an appropriately sized founding population, you do so. You watch the population increase for several generations and then graph the number of individuals (vertical axis) against the number of generations (horizontal axis). The graph will likely appear as

In models of logistic population growth,

A certain species of pine tree survives only in scattered locations at elevations above 2,800 m in the western United States. To understand why this tree grows only in these specific places, an ecologist should

Which marine zone is expected to have the lowest rates of primary productivity (photosynthesis)?

Which of the following best defines a cohort?

Which of the following are important biotic factors that can affect the structure and organization of biological communities?

What would be the effect on climate in the temperate latitudes if Earth were to slow its rate of rotation from a 24-hour period of rotation to a 48-hour period of rotation?

Which of the following sets of measurements would best describe a population's physical structure and vital statistics?

As N approaches K for a certain population, which of the following is predicted by the logistic equation?

Starting from a single individual, what is the size of a population of bacteria that reproduce by binary fission every 20 minutes at the end of a 2-hour time period? (Assume unlimited resources and no mortality.)

Coral reefs can be found on the southeast coast of the United States but not at similar latitudes on the southwest coast. Differences in which of the following most likely account for this?

Natural selection involves energetic trade-offs between

Figure 40.3 -Which curve best describes survivorship in humans who live in developed nations?

Which of the following examples of an ecological effect leading to an evolutionary effect is most correct?

Please use the following information to answer the question(s) below. The eight climographs in Figure 40.1 show yearly temperature (line graph and left vertical axis) and precipitation (bar graph and right vertical axis) averages for each month for some locations on Earth. Choose the climograph that best answers the question. Figure 40.1 -Which climograph shows the climate for location 1?