Exam 11: Gene Expression: From Transcription to Translation

You are looking at an electron micrograph of several transcriptional units for rRNA.How can you tell where the transcription initiation site is?

Mammalian oocytes have recently been shown to produce siRNAs.What are they called?

What is the maximum number of tRNAs that a cell would be likely to have?

What enzyme is responsible for covalently linking amino acids to the 3'-end of the cognate tRNA?

RNA interference can be used to _____ the production of a particular enzyme so that the effect of the enzyme _______ on the organism's _________ can be determined.

The initiator tRNA enters the 30S ribosomal subunit at the ____ during prokaryotic protein synthesis.

What is the presumed function of the siRNAs produced by mammalian oocytes?

Alcaptonuria is a genetic disease that is characterized by _________.

Why does it make sense that cells would be able to recognize dsRNAs as undesirable using a mechanism such as RNAi?

The corresponding segment of DNA from which the primary transcript is transcribed is called a _____.

The intermediate stage that the group II introns pass through while undergoing self-splicing is called the _____.

Why are general transcription factors (GTFs)referred to as "general?"

The macromolecular complex that associates with each intron and splices it is called a(n)_____.

What appears to be the original form of most cellular mRNAs?

As life was first evolving,what molecule is thought to have performed double duty as the genetic material and performing catalysis of chemical reactions?

Sequences of DNA that are similar,seemingly conserved and seen in association with genes in roughly the same location from gene to gene in bacteria are called ________.They are generally the most common version of such a conserved DNA sequence,but some variation in the sequence can occur from one gene to another.

What is the significance of the variability of the third nucleotide in a codon?

Once the $\sigma$ factor leaves the core enzyme,what happens?

Where are the unusual bases of tRNAs predominantly concentrated?

The 3' end of most eukaryotic mRNAs contains a ______,while the 5' end has a _________.