Question 1

What cells are the primary target of HIV,the virus that causes AIDS?

Accepted Answer

A) cytotoxic T lymphocytes 
B) helper T lymphocytes 
C) B lymphocytes 
D) macrophages 
E) regulatory T lymphocytes 
A) cytotoxic T lymphocytes 
B) helper T lymphocytes 
C) B lymphocytes 
D) macrophages 
E) regulatory T lymphocytes

Question 2

Which of the following plays an important role in allergic reactions by binding to mast cell surfaces and what does that binding trigger?

Accepted Answer

A) IgE heavy chains,the release of histamine 
B) IgE heavy chains,the release of allergan 
C) IgE light chains,the uptake of histamine 
D) IgE light chains,the release of allergan 
E) IgA heavy chains,the release of histamine 
A) IgE heavy chains,the release of histamine 
B) IgE heavy chains,the release of allergan 
C) IgE light chains,the uptake of histamine 
D) IgE light chains,the release of allergan 
E) IgA heavy chains,the release of histamine

Question 3

Which cells of the immune system produce an interleukin,which is thought to stimulate epithelial cells to recruit phagocytes and thereby prevent the entry of extracellular bacteria and fungi into the body?

Accepted Answer

A) TH1 cells 
B) TH2 cells 
C) cytotoxic T lymphocytes 
D) TH17 cells 
E) regulatory T lymphocytes 
A) TH1 cells 
B) TH2 cells 
C) cytotoxic T lymphocytes 
D) TH17 cells 
E) regulatory T lymphocytes

Question 4

Which antibodies are the first to be secreted by B cells after antigen stimulation? They appear in the blood after a lag of a few days and have a relatively short half-life?

Accepted Answer

A) IgD 
B) IgA 
C) IgM 
D) IgK 
E) IgG 
A) IgD 
B) IgA 
C) IgM 
D) IgK 
E) IgG

Question 5

Which of the following are proteolytic enzymes that enter perforin channels and activate caspases,which are proteolytic enzymes that initiate the apoptotic response?

Accepted Answer

A) granzymes 
B) proteolysinase 
C) proteases 
D) lysozymes 
E) protein kinase B 
A) granzymes 
B) proteolysinase 
C) proteases 
D) lysozymes 
E) protein kinase B

Question 6

Which of the following is a characteristic or component of an MHC class II molecule?

Accepted Answer

A) 1 MHC-encoded polypeptide chain called the heavy chain 
B) a non-MHC polypeptide associated non-covalently with another subunit 
C) $\beta$2-microglobulin 
D) a heterodimer,with both subunits encoded by MHC alleles 
E) a heterotrimer,with all three subunits encoded by MHC alleles 
A) 1 MHC-encoded polypeptide chain called the heavy chain 
B) a non-MHC polypeptide associated non-covalently with another subunit 
C) $\beta$2-microglobulin 
D) a heterodimer,with both subunits encoded by MHC alleles 
E) a heterotrimer,with all three subunits encoded by MHC alleles

Question 7

Which antibodies are the predominant antibodies in secretions of the respiratory,digestive and urogenital tracts?

Accepted Answer

A) IgGs 
B) IgAs 
C) IgMs 
D) IgEs 
E) IgDs 
A) IgGs 
B) IgAs 
C) IgMs 
D) IgEs 
E) IgDs

Question 8

Which cells are responsible for mediating cell-mediated immunity?

Accepted Answer

A) T cells or lymphocytes 
B) antigen cells 
C) B cells or lymphocytes 
D) platelets 
E) erythrocytes 
A) T cells or lymphocytes 
B) antigen cells 
C) B cells or lymphocytes 
D) platelets 
E) erythrocytes

Question 9

Which antibodies are the predominant antibodies found in blood and lymph during a secondary response to most antigens?

Accepted Answer

A) IgGs 
B) IgAs 
C) IgMs 
D) IgEs 
E) IgDs 
A) IgGs 
B) IgAs 
C) IgMs 
D) IgEs 
E) IgDs

Question 10

The nucleotides encoding the 13 amino acids at the C-terminal end of the V$\kappa$region is called the ____.

Accepted Answer

A) Q segment 
B) C segment 
C) J segment 
D) VJ segment 
E) M segment 
A) Q segment 
B) C segment 
C) J segment 
D) VJ segment 
E) M segment

Question 11

Which cells of the immune system differentiate in the thymus gland?

Accepted Answer

A) T cells or lymphocytes 
B) antigen cells 
C) B cells or lymphocytes 
D) platelets 
E) macrophages 
A) T cells or lymphocytes 
B) antigen cells 
C) B cells or lymphocytes 
D) platelets 
E) macrophages

Question 12

The modified,harmless version of the tetanus toxin that is used to immunize infants is called a(n)_______.

Accepted Answer

A) toxin 
B) poison 
C) toxoid 
D) toxico 
E) toxon 
A) toxin 
B) poison 
C) toxoid 
D) toxico 
E) toxon

Question 13

Why is a second weapon system (specifically cell-mediated immunity)in addition to humoral immunity needed to defend the body against invading pathogens?

Accepted Answer

A) Humoral immunity is ineffective against antibodies. 
B) Antibodies are not effective against pathogens that are present inside cells. 
C) Antibodies are not effective against pathogens that are present outside cells. 
D) If used too often,antibodies can attack red blood cells. 
E) Antibodies are typically ineffective against bacteria,while they work well against viruses. 
A) Humoral immunity is ineffective against antibodies. 
B) Antibodies are not effective against pathogens that are present inside cells. 
C) Antibodies are not effective against pathogens that are present outside cells. 
D) If used too often,antibodies can attack red blood cells. 
E) Antibodies are typically ineffective against bacteria,while they work well against viruses.

Question 14

In an intact immunoglobulin molecule,each light chain domain associates with a heavy chain domain;each domain is encoded by __________.

Accepted Answer

A) two exons 
B) two introns 
C) its own exon 
D) its own intron 
E) an intron and an exon 
A) two exons 
B) two introns 
C) its own exon 
D) its own intron 
E) an intron and an exon

Question 15

What is the natural function of the MHC proteins?

Accepted Answer

A) to attack bacterial surface antigens 
B) to destroy transplanted antigens 
C) involvement in antigen presentation 
D) involvement in antibody presentation 
E) maintaining the stability of the plasma membrane 
A) to attack bacterial surface antigens 
B) to destroy transplanted antigens 
C) involvement in antigen presentation 
D) involvement in antibody presentation 
E) maintaining the stability of the plasma membrane

Question 16

Which of the following individuals would be most likely to donate an organ successfully to another individual?

Accepted Answer

A) any member of the population 
B) the recipient's sibling 
C) a member of the same race as the recipient 
D) the recipient's identical twin 
E) the recipient's fraternal twin 
A) any member of the population 
B) the recipient's sibling 
C) a member of the same race as the recipient 
D) the recipient's identical twin 
E) the recipient's fraternal twin

Question 17

What holds the small peptide fragments of an antigen at the surface of an APC?

Accepted Answer

A) phosphotyrosine motifs 
B) MHC proteins 
C) T-cell receptors 
D) phosphatidylinositol 
E) B-cell receptors 
A) phosphotyrosine motifs 
B) MHC proteins 
C) T-cell receptors 
D) phosphatidylinositol 
E) B-cell receptors

Question 18

How can the migration patterns of different types of lymphocytes and phagocytes be controlled separately?

Accepted Answer

A) They all possess receptors for the same cytokines. 
B) They all possess receptors for the same chemokines. 
C) Different types of lymphocytes and phagocytes possess receptors for different chemokines. 
D) The different types of lymphocytes and phagocytes produce different chemokines. 
E) The different types of lymphocytes and phagocytes produce different cytokines. 
A) They all possess receptors for the same cytokines. 
B) They all possess receptors for the same chemokines. 
C) Different types of lymphocytes and phagocytes possess receptors for different chemokines. 
D) The different types of lymphocytes and phagocytes produce different chemokines. 
E) The different types of lymphocytes and phagocytes produce different cytokines.

Question 19

_________ occurs when a specific antibody changes the heavy chain that the cell makes without changing the antigen-combining site of the antibodies synthesized.

Accepted Answer

A) Class consistency 
B) Somatic hypermutation 
C) Class switching 
D) Class hypermutation 
E) Somatic switching 
A) Class consistency 
B) Somatic hypermutation 
C) Class switching 
D) Class hypermutation 
E) Somatic switching

Question 20

Antigens that originate within the cytosol of a cell are referred to as __________.

Accepted Answer

A) endogenous proteins 
B) exogenous proteins 
C) cytosolic proteins 
D) phagocytic proteins 
E) enterogenous proteins 
A) endogenous proteins 
B) exogenous proteins 
C) cytosolic proteins 
D) phagocytic proteins 
E) enterogenous proteins

What cells are the primary target of HIV,the virus that causes AIDS?

Which of the following plays an important role in allergic reactions by binding to mast cell surfaces and what does that binding trigger?

Which cells of the immune system produce an interleukin,which is thought to stimulate epithelial cells to recruit phagocytes and thereby prevent the entry of extracellular bacteria and fungi into the body?

Which antibodies are the first to be secreted by B cells after antigen stimulation? They appear in the blood after a lag of a few days and have a relatively short half-life?

Which of the following are proteolytic enzymes that enter perforin channels and activate caspases,which are proteolytic enzymes that initiate the apoptotic response?

Which of the following is a characteristic or component of an MHC class II molecule?

Which antibodies are the predominant antibodies in secretions of the respiratory,digestive and urogenital tracts?

Which cells are responsible for mediating cell-mediated immunity?

Which antibodies are the predominant antibodies found in blood and lymph during a secondary response to most antigens?

The nucleotides encoding the 13 amino acids at the C-terminal end of the V $\kappa$ region is called the ____.

Which cells of the immune system differentiate in the thymus gland?

The modified,harmless version of the tetanus toxin that is used to immunize infants is called a(n)_______.

Why is a second weapon system (specifically cell-mediated immunity)in addition to humoral immunity needed to defend the body against invading pathogens?

In an intact immunoglobulin molecule,each light chain domain associates with a heavy chain domain;each domain is encoded by __________.

What is the natural function of the MHC proteins?

Which of the following individuals would be most likely to donate an organ successfully to another individual?

What holds the small peptide fragments of an antigen at the surface of an APC?

How can the migration patterns of different types of lymphocytes and phagocytes be controlled separately?

_________ occurs when a specific antibody changes the heavy chain that the cell makes without changing the antigen-combining site of the antibodies synthesized.

Antigens that originate within the cytosol of a cell are referred to as __________.

Introduction to the Study of Cell and Molecular Biology

The Chemical Basis of Life

Bioenergetics, Enzymes, and Metabolism

The Structure and Function of the Plasma Membrane

Aerobic Respiration and the Mitochondrion

Photosynthesis and the Chloroplast

Interactions Between Cells and Their Environment

Cytoplasmic Membrane Systems: Structure, Function, and Membrane Trafficking

The Cytoskeleton and Cell Motility

The Nature of the Gene and the Genome

Gene Expression: From Transcription to Translation

Control of Gene Expression

Dna Replication and Repair

Cellular Reproduction

Cell Signaling and Signal Transduction: Communication Between Cells

Cancer

Techniques in Cell and Molecular Biology

Filters

Exam 17: The Immune Response

What cells are the primary target of HIV,the virus that causes AIDS?

Which of the following plays an important role in allergic reactions by binding to mast cell surfaces and what does that binding trigger?

Which cells of the immune system produce an interleukin,which is thought to stimulate epithelial cells to recruit phagocytes and thereby prevent the entry of extracellular bacteria and fungi into the body?

Which antibodies are the first to be secreted by B cells after antigen stimulation? They appear in the blood after a lag of a few days and have a relatively short half-life?

Which of the following are proteolytic enzymes that enter perforin channels and activate caspases,which are proteolytic enzymes that initiate the apoptotic response?

Which of the following is a characteristic or component of an MHC class II molecule?

Which antibodies are the predominant antibodies in secretions of the respiratory,digestive and urogenital tracts?

Which cells are responsible for mediating cell-mediated immunity?

Which antibodies are the predominant antibodies found in blood and lymph during a secondary response to most antigens?

The nucleotides encoding the 13 amino acids at the C-terminal end of the V κ\kappaκ region is called the ____.

Which cells of the immune system differentiate in the thymus gland?

The modified,harmless version of the tetanus toxin that is used to immunize infants is called a(n)_______.

Why is a second weapon system (specifically cell-mediated immunity)in addition to humoral immunity needed to defend the body against invading pathogens?

In an intact immunoglobulin molecule,each light chain domain associates with a heavy chain domain;each domain is encoded by __________.

What is the natural function of the MHC proteins?

Which of the following individuals would be most likely to donate an organ successfully to another individual?

What holds the small peptide fragments of an antigen at the surface of an APC?

How can the migration patterns of different types of lymphocytes and phagocytes be controlled separately?

_________ occurs when a specific antibody changes the heavy chain that the cell makes without changing the antigen-combining site of the antibodies synthesized.

Antigens that originate within the cytosol of a cell are referred to as __________.

Introduction to the Study of Cell and Molecular Biology

The Chemical Basis of Life

Bioenergetics, Enzymes, and Metabolism

The Structure and Function of the Plasma Membrane

Aerobic Respiration and the Mitochondrion

Photosynthesis and the Chloroplast

Interactions Between Cells and Their Environment

Cytoplasmic Membrane Systems: Structure, Function, and Membrane Trafficking

The Cytoskeleton and Cell Motility

The Nature of the Gene and the Genome

Gene Expression: From Transcription to Translation

Control of Gene Expression

Dna Replication and Repair

Cellular Reproduction

Cell Signaling and Signal Transduction: Communication Between Cells

Cancer

Techniques in Cell and Molecular Biology

Filters

The nucleotides encoding the 13 amino acids at the C-terminal end of the V $\kappa$ region is called the ____.