Question 1

Which theory of hypnosis argues that hypnosis is not an altered or unique state of consciousness?

Accepted Answer

A) Dissociation theory 
B) Sociocognitive theory 
C) Psychodynamic theory 
D) Activation-synthesis theory 
A) Dissociation theory 
B) Sociocognitive theory 
C) Psychodynamic theory 
D) Activation-synthesis theory

Question 2

Which of the following individuals is most likely to report experiencing déjà vu illusions?

Accepted Answer

A) Mary,a 20-year-old political science major who travels all over the world studying liberalism and globalization 
B) Jennifer,a 33-year-old child and youth care worker who strongly believes in her Christian faith 
C) Marcus,a 55-year-old bus driver who has never travelled outside of Alberta 
D) Larry,a 37-year-old environmentalist who has his master's degree but has trouble remembering his dreams 
A) Mary,a 20-year-old political science major who travels all over the world studying liberalism and globalization 
B) Jennifer,a 33-year-old child and youth care worker who strongly believes in her Christian faith 
C) Marcus,a 55-year-old bus driver who has never travelled outside of Alberta 
D) Larry,a 37-year-old environmentalist who has his master's degree but has trouble remembering his dreams

Question 3

Cassie walks into her house on her birthday and a bunch of guests jump out and yell,"Surprise!" She gasps,mumbles,"I see the elephant!" and then drops to the floor and appears to be sleeping.Cassie suffers from what sleep disorder?

Accepted Answer

A) REM behaviour disorder 
B) Sleepwalking 
C) Lucid dreaming 
D) Narcolepsy 
A) REM behaviour disorder 
B) Sleepwalking 
C) Lucid dreaming 
D) Narcolepsy

Question 4

Which of the following statements on REM sleep and dreaming is true?

Accepted Answer

A) Most dreams are focused on positive emotions and good fortune. 
B) Dreams are involved in processing emotional memories and problem solving. 
C) REM dreams are shorter and more repetitive than non-REM dreams. 
D) Dreams involving aggressive feelings or actions are relatively rare. 
A) Most dreams are focused on positive emotions and good fortune. 
B) Dreams are involved in processing emotional memories and problem solving. 
C) REM dreams are shorter and more repetitive than non-REM dreams. 
D) Dreams involving aggressive feelings or actions are relatively rare.

Question 5

Your friend has experienced excessive daytime sleepiness.He is laughing with you and suddenly falls to the ground.Your friend is probably suffering from

Accepted Answer

A) narcolepsy. 
B) parasomnia. 
C) REM rebound. 
D) sleep apnea. 
A) narcolepsy. 
B) parasomnia. 
C) REM rebound. 
D) sleep apnea.

Question 6

Nicotine activates receptors sensitive to the neurotransmitter __________,and smokers report feelings of stimulation as well as relaxation and alertness.

Accepted Answer

A) acetylcholine 
B) dopamine 
C) serotonin 
D) melatonin 
A) acetylcholine 
B) dopamine 
C) serotonin 
D) melatonin

Question 7

How does the activation-synthesis hypothesis explain dreaming?

Accepted Answer

A) The surfacing of repressed sexual urges 
B) Biological attempts to make recent memories more permanent 
C) The cortex making sense of signals from the brain stem 
D) The use of elaborate symbolism to disguise "unthinkable" topics 
A) The surfacing of repressed sexual urges 
B) Biological attempts to make recent memories more permanent 
C) The cortex making sense of signals from the brain stem 
D) The use of elaborate symbolism to disguise "unthinkable" topics

Question 8

A psychologist or a psychiatrist is likely to diagnose one's difficulty in attaining adequate nightly sleep as a psychological disorder

Accepted Answer

A) if it interferes with daily activities such as work and negatively impacts a person's health. 
B) when it results from a deliberate choice,such as studying all night for an exam. 
C) even if it occurs relatively infrequently. 
D) only if the person feels that the lack of sleep is causing problems in other areas. 
A) if it interferes with daily activities such as work and negatively impacts a person's health. 
B) when it results from a deliberate choice,such as studying all night for an exam. 
C) even if it occurs relatively infrequently. 
D) only if the person feels that the lack of sleep is causing problems in other areas.

Question 9

The metaphor of a hidden observer that can be accessed by a hypnotherapist is associated with which theory of hypnosis?

Accepted Answer

A) Activation-synthesis theory 
B) Information processing theory 
C) Sociocognitive theory 
D) Dissociation theory 
A) Activation-synthesis theory 
B) Information processing theory 
C) Sociocognitive theory 
D) Dissociation theory

Question 10

Narcolepsy occurs when

Accepted Answer

A) REM sleep intrudes into wakefulness. 
B) NREM sleep intrudes into wakefulness. 
C) inadequate sleep occurs over a period of weeks. 
D) inadequate levels of stage 4 sleep cause neurological damage. 
A) REM sleep intrudes into wakefulness. 
B) NREM sleep intrudes into wakefulness. 
C) inadequate sleep occurs over a period of weeks. 
D) inadequate levels of stage 4 sleep cause neurological damage.

Question 11

Studies on hypnosis have sought to identify physiological markers of this state.A recent study suggested that __________ was a unique marker of a hypnotic trance,although this conclusion was based on data from only one participant.

Accepted Answer

A) a person's level of responsiveness to pain stimuli 
B) a lack of startle reflex 
C) the hypnotic stare 
D) electrocortical asymmetry 
A) a person's level of responsiveness to pain stimuli 
B) a lack of startle reflex 
C) the hypnotic stare 
D) electrocortical asymmetry

Question 12

According to Sigmund Freud,the important underlying meaning of our dreams is found in the

Accepted Answer

A) deep content. 
B) latent content. 
C) manifest content. 
D) subliminal content. 
A) deep content. 
B) latent content. 
C) manifest content. 
D) subliminal content.

Question 13

__________ is associated with the strange feeling of being unable to move just after falling asleep or immediately upon awakening.

Accepted Answer

A) Lucid dreaming 
B) REM sleep behaviour disorder 
C) Narcolepsy 
D) Sleep paralysis 
A) Lucid dreaming 
B) REM sleep behaviour disorder 
C) Narcolepsy 
D) Sleep paralysis

Question 14

Lynne has just fallen asleep and appears to have awakened with a start,reporting that she thinks she just saw a ghost hovering by the end of her bed.What is a likely explanation for her behaviour?

Accepted Answer

A) She was experiencing K-complexes during stage 2 sleep,which is associated with visual disturbances. 
B) She was in REM sleep and was dreaming of ghosts like the ones she had seen in a movie earlier that night. 
C) She was in stage 1 sleep and experienced a myoclonic jerk and hypnagogic imagery. 
D) She was having a non-REM dream that was more like fleeting sleep images. 
A) She was experiencing K-complexes during stage 2 sleep,which is associated with visual disturbances. 
B) She was in REM sleep and was dreaming of ghosts like the ones she had seen in a movie earlier that night. 
C) She was in stage 1 sleep and experienced a myoclonic jerk and hypnagogic imagery. 
D) She was having a non-REM dream that was more like fleeting sleep images.

Question 15

Research has found a relationship between academic success and students who

Accepted Answer

A) go to bed late and get up early. 
B) go to bed late and get up late. 
C) go to bed early and get up early. 
D) go to bed early and get up late. 
A) go to bed late and get up early. 
B) go to bed late and get up late. 
C) go to bed early and get up early. 
D) go to bed early and get up late.

Question 16

Research on age regression and past life regression therapeutic techniques suggests that

Accepted Answer

A) they are more effective for male clients than for female clients in overcoming their psychological difficulties. 
B) they are effective techniques for individuals who experienced physical or sexual abuse during childhood. 
C) they are excellent means for producing accurate recall and recollections during hypnosis. 
D) they say more about the patient's beliefs than about any true healing properties. 
A) they are more effective for male clients than for female clients in overcoming their psychological difficulties. 
B) they are effective techniques for individuals who experienced physical or sexual abuse during childhood. 
C) they are excellent means for producing accurate recall and recollections during hypnosis. 
D) they say more about the patient's beliefs than about any true healing properties.

Question 17

Which hormone plays a role in triggering sudden attacks of sleepiness?

Accepted Answer

A) Oxytocin 
B) Orexin 
C) Melatonin 
D) Estrogen 
A) Oxytocin 
B) Orexin 
C) Melatonin 
D) Estrogen

Question 18

Recent research on déjà vu experiences by Cleary and her colleagues has found that déjà vu arises when

Accepted Answer

A) individuals are reliving an exact event they have experienced in a past life. 
B) the arrangement of elements within a scene maps on to an arrangement previously seen but not remembered. 
C) acetylcholine floods the hippocampus and activates multiple experiences in memory at once,causing a sense of familiarity. 
D) people are confronted with situations that trigger repressed memories but are unable to recall the previous experiences. 
A) individuals are reliving an exact event they have experienced in a past life. 
B) the arrangement of elements within a scene maps on to an arrangement previously seen but not remembered. 
C) acetylcholine floods the hippocampus and activates multiple experiences in memory at once,causing a sense of familiarity. 
D) people are confronted with situations that trigger repressed memories but are unable to recall the previous experiences.

Question 19

__________ is associated with a knowledge that one is dreaming bizarre or improbable imagery that alerts the dreamer of a dream and the possibility of controlling one's dreams.

Accepted Answer

A) Sleep paralysis 
B) REM rebound 
C) Lucid dreaming 
D) Narcolepsy 
A) Sleep paralysis 
B) REM rebound 
C) Lucid dreaming 
D) Narcolepsy

Question 20

Studies have determined that certain personality traits,such as __________,predispose us to alcohol and drug abuse.

Accepted Answer

A) neuroticism and extraversion 
B) creativity and cynicism 
C) suggestibility and dissociation 
D) impulsivity and sociability 
A) neuroticism and extraversion 
B) creativity and cynicism 
C) suggestibility and dissociation 
D) impulsivity and sociability

Exam 5: D: Consciousness

Which theory of hypnosis argues that hypnosis is not an altered or unique state of consciousness?

Which of the following individuals is most likely to report experiencing déjà vu illusions?

Cassie walks into her house on her birthday and a bunch of guests jump out and yell,"Surprise!" She gasps,mumbles,"I see the elephant!" and then drops to the floor and appears to be sleeping.Cassie suffers from what sleep disorder?

Which of the following statements on REM sleep and dreaming is true?

Your friend has experienced excessive daytime sleepiness.He is laughing with you and suddenly falls to the ground.Your friend is probably suffering from

Nicotine activates receptors sensitive to the neurotransmitter __________,and smokers report feelings of stimulation as well as relaxation and alertness.

How does the activation-synthesis hypothesis explain dreaming?

A psychologist or a psychiatrist is likely to diagnose one's difficulty in attaining adequate nightly sleep as a psychological disorder

The metaphor of a hidden observer that can be accessed by a hypnotherapist is associated with which theory of hypnosis?

Narcolepsy occurs when

Studies on hypnosis have sought to identify physiological markers of this state.A recent study suggested that __________ was a unique marker of a hypnotic trance,although this conclusion was based on data from only one participant.

According to Sigmund Freud,the important underlying meaning of our dreams is found in the

__________ is associated with the strange feeling of being unable to move just after falling asleep or immediately upon awakening.

Lynne has just fallen asleep and appears to have awakened with a start,reporting that she thinks she just saw a ghost hovering by the end of her bed.What is a likely explanation for her behaviour?

Research has found a relationship between academic success and students who

Research on age regression and past life regression therapeutic techniques suggests that

Which hormone plays a role in triggering sudden attacks of sleepiness?

Recent research on déjà vu experiences by Cleary and her colleagues has found that déjà vu arises when

__________ is associated with a knowledge that one is dreaming bizarre or improbable imagery that alerts the dreamer of a dream and the possibility of controlling one's dreams.

Studies have determined that certain personality traits,such as __________,predispose us to alcohol and drug abuse.

A: Psychology and Scientific Thinking

B: Psychology and Scientific Thinking

C: Psychology and Scientific Thinking

D: Psychology and Scientific Thinking

A: Research Methods

B: Research Methods

C: Research Methods

D: Research Methods

A: Biological Psychology

B: Biological Psychology

C: Biological Psychology

D: Biological Psychology

A: Sensation and Perception

B: Sensation and Perception

C: Sensation and Perception

D: Sensation and Perception

A: Consciousness

B: Consciousness

C: Consciousness

A: Learning

B: Learning

C: Learning

D: Learning

A: Memory

B: Memory

C: Memory

D: Memory

A: Thinking,reasoning,and Language

B: Language,thinking,and Reasoning

C: Language,thinking,and Reasoning

D: Language,thinking,and Reasoning

A: Intelligence and Iq Testing

B: Intelligence and Iq Testing

C: Intelligence and Iq Testing

D: Intelligence and Iq Testing

A: Human Development

B: Human Development

C: Human Development

D: Human Development

A: Emotion and Motivation

B: Emotion and Motivation

C: Emotion and Motivation

D: Emotion and Motivation

A: Stress,coping,and Health

B: Stress,coping,and Health

C: Stress,coping,and Health

D: Stress,coping,and Health

A: Social Psychology

B: Social Psychology

C: Social Psychology

D: Social Psychology

A: Personality

B: Personality

C: Personality

D: Personality

A: Psychological Disorders

B: Psychological Disorders

C: Psychological Disorders

D: Psychological Disorders