Question 1

The sleep-wake cycle is ultimately controlled by the part of the brain called the

Accepted Answer

A) optical nerve. 
B) frontal lobe. 
C) hypothalamus. 
D) median forebrain bundle. 
A) optical nerve. 
B) frontal lobe. 
C) hypothalamus. 
D) median forebrain bundle.

Question 2

Which of the following is true about dolphins and sleep?

Accepted Answer

A) Dolphins sleep with one of their brain's hemispheres asleep and the other awake. 
B) Sleep patterns in dolphins closely resemble humans,including experiencing REM sleep. 
C) Dolphins have two stages of sleep associated with both theta and delta waves brain waves. 
D) Dolphins have similar sleep patterns as humans,with the exception of a lack of muscle paralysis during sleep. 
A) Dolphins sleep with one of their brain's hemispheres asleep and the other awake. 
B) Sleep patterns in dolphins closely resemble humans,including experiencing REM sleep. 
C) Dolphins have two stages of sleep associated with both theta and delta waves brain waves. 
D) Dolphins have similar sleep patterns as humans,with the exception of a lack of muscle paralysis during sleep.

Question 3

A client tells his therapist about a dream of riding on a train with his boss.At the end of the journey,the boss gets off the train at a terminal.The therapist suggests that the "terminal" in the dream indicates an unconscious desire by the client to "terminate" his boss.This desire to terminate the boss,if it exists,would reflect what Freud called the __________ of the dream.

Accepted Answer

A) primary content 
B) manifest content 
C) secondary content 
D) latent content 
A) primary content 
B) manifest content 
C) secondary content 
D) latent content

Question 4

Which of the following drugs has a very specific set of serious withdrawal symptoms?

Accepted Answer

A) Alcohol 
B) Marijuana 
C) LSD 
D) Tobacco 
A) Alcohol 
B) Marijuana 
C) LSD 
D) Tobacco

Question 5

Which of the following statements about sleepwalking is not true?

Accepted Answer

A) Sleepwalking can be triggered by stress. 
B) People with psychological problems are more likely to sleepwalk. 
C) Children are more likely than adults to sleepwalk. 
D) Sleepwalking occurs most often during non-REM sleep. 
A) Sleepwalking can be triggered by stress. 
B) People with psychological problems are more likely to sleepwalk. 
C) Children are more likely than adults to sleepwalk. 
D) Sleepwalking occurs most often during non-REM sleep.

Question 6

Hypnosis theorists all agree that people who respond easily to hypnotists and hypnotherapists are

Accepted Answer

A) faking. 
B) gullible. 
C) suggestible. 
D) in an altered state of consciousness. 
A) faking. 
B) gullible. 
C) suggestible. 
D) in an altered state of consciousness.

Question 7

The physical effects of __________ involve destroyed blood vessels,acne,weight loss,tremors,and dental problems.

Accepted Answer

A) cocaine 
B) methamphetamine 
C) heroin 
D) mescaline 
A) cocaine 
B) methamphetamine 
C) heroin 
D) mescaline

Question 8

Consciousness is the

Accepted Answer

A) state of arousal involving facial and bodily changes. 
B) subjective awareness of ourselves and the environment. 
C) memory of personally experienced events. 
D) intentional recollection of an item of information. 
A) state of arousal involving facial and bodily changes. 
B) subjective awareness of ourselves and the environment. 
C) memory of personally experienced events. 
D) intentional recollection of an item of information.

Question 9

How do auditory verbal hallucinations differ between psychotic and well-functioning nonpsychotic individuals?

Accepted Answer

A) Hallucinations in nonpsychotic individuals are more likely to consist of sounds rather than voices. 
B) The voices that psychotic individuals hear are more negative and perceived as less controllable. 
C) Psychotic individuals only hear evil voices,whereas nonpsychotic individuals only hear angelic voices. 
D) There are no differences in auditory hallucinations between these groups. 
A) Hallucinations in nonpsychotic individuals are more likely to consist of sounds rather than voices. 
B) The voices that psychotic individuals hear are more negative and perceived as less controllable. 
C) Psychotic individuals only hear evil voices,whereas nonpsychotic individuals only hear angelic voices. 
D) There are no differences in auditory hallucinations between these groups.

Question 10

The lack of aggression or negative emotion in children's dreams,when compared with adult's dreams,is explained by

Accepted Answer

A) underdeveloped latent aggressive impulses. 
B) the lack of neurological structures associated with complex cognition. 
C) less convoluted forebrain connections in the brain. 
D) a deficit in the neurotransmitter acetylcholine. 
A) underdeveloped latent aggressive impulses. 
B) the lack of neurological structures associated with complex cognition. 
C) less convoluted forebrain connections in the brain. 
D) a deficit in the neurotransmitter acetylcholine.

Question 11

Jim is 56 years old and slightly overweight.His wife reports that he snores loudly.What sleep disorder seems to fit Jim's symptoms?

Accepted Answer

A) Narcolepsy 
B) Sleep apnea 
C) Sleep terror 
D) REM sleep behaviour 
A) Narcolepsy 
B) Sleep apnea 
C) Sleep terror 
D) REM sleep behaviour

Question 12

Freud believed that dreams

Accepted Answer

A) stem from unconscious conflicts,memories,and desires. 
B) are sexual perversions. 
C) are reflections of consciousness. 
D) are ways to solve problems. 
A) stem from unconscious conflicts,memories,and desires. 
B) are sexual perversions. 
C) are reflections of consciousness. 
D) are ways to solve problems.

Question 13

Which of the following statements reflects one of the misconceptions about hypnosis?

Accepted Answer

A) Amazing experiences in hypnotized subjects are likely due to suggestibility and stage whispers. 
B) Brain waves of hypnotized subjects are not similar to those who are asleep. 
C) Hypnotized people are fully aware of their surroundings. 
D) Hypnosis improves memory and can help people recover memories of experiences they have forgotten. 
A) Amazing experiences in hypnotized subjects are likely due to suggestibility and stage whispers. 
B) Brain waves of hypnotized subjects are not similar to those who are asleep. 
C) Hypnotized people are fully aware of their surroundings. 
D) Hypnosis improves memory and can help people recover memories of experiences they have forgotten.

Question 14

Rather than accepting claims of near-death experiences (NDEs)as an example of an altered state of consciousness,Dr.Marvin Monroe asserts that many of the symptoms of NDEs are consistent with the physiological changes associated with a dying brain.His view is most similar to what general principle of critical thinking?

Accepted Answer

A) Falsifiability 
B) Replicability 
C) Ruling out rival hypotheses 
D) Extraordinary claims require extraordinary evidence 
A) Falsifiability 
B) Replicability 
C) Ruling out rival hypotheses 
D) Extraordinary claims require extraordinary evidence

Question 15

Michelle claims that she often leaves her body and floats above her body,often during stressful events.Michelle experiences a phenomenon called

Accepted Answer

A) déjà vu experiences. 
B) out-of-body experiences. 
C) sleep paralysis. 
D) hallucinations. 
A) déjà vu experiences. 
B) out-of-body experiences. 
C) sleep paralysis. 
D) hallucinations.

Question 16

Dwayne and his nine-year-old son are sitting at the breakfast table and talking about various things.The son mentions a dream he had about school.Dwayne mentions a bizarre dream he had the previous night.These differences in the content of dreams is best explained by

Accepted Answer

A) neurocognitive theory. 
B) dream protection theory. 
C) sleep dissociation theory. 
D) activation-synthesis theory. 
A) neurocognitive theory. 
B) dream protection theory. 
C) sleep dissociation theory. 
D) activation-synthesis theory.

Question 17

According to the text,which of the following is not a legitimate concern regarding the long-term hazards of marijuana use?

Accepted Answer

A) Marijuana use may trigger schizophrenia in people with a personal or family history of the disorder. 
B) Marijuana is a "gateway" drug that may lead people to try more serious drugs. 
C) Marijuana is linked to amotivational syndrome,personality degeneration,and destructive behaviour. 
D) High doses of marijuana are associated with short-term memory disturbances,but it is unclear how marijuana impacts memory over time. 
A) Marijuana use may trigger schizophrenia in people with a personal or family history of the disorder. 
B) Marijuana is a "gateway" drug that may lead people to try more serious drugs. 
C) Marijuana is linked to amotivational syndrome,personality degeneration,and destructive behaviour. 
D) High doses of marijuana are associated with short-term memory disturbances,but it is unclear how marijuana impacts memory over time.

Question 18

After more than four days of severe sleep deprivation,people report experiencing

Accepted Answer

A) sleep paralysis. 
B) hallucinations. 
C) locked-in syndrome. 
D) bipolar depression. 
A) sleep paralysis. 
B) hallucinations. 
C) locked-in syndrome. 
D) bipolar depression.

Question 19

The difference between insomnia and apnea is that

Accepted Answer

A) apnea affects primarily the elderly,whereas insomnia is characteristic of children. 
B) insomnia is treatable but apnea is not. 
C) insomnia is characterized by sleeplessness,whereas apnea is characterized by breathing difficulties. 
D) apnea is a precursor to narcolepsy,whereas insomnia is not. 
A) apnea affects primarily the elderly,whereas insomnia is characteristic of children. 
B) insomnia is treatable but apnea is not. 
C) insomnia is characterized by sleeplessness,whereas apnea is characterized by breathing difficulties. 
D) apnea is a precursor to narcolepsy,whereas insomnia is not.

Question 20

Anne was blind from birth,and Toby was blinded in a car accident at the age of nine.Which of the following statements is accurate with respect to their dreams?

Accepted Answer

A) Both Anne and Toby are able to "see" in their dreams and experience visual imagery. 
B) The things Anne dreams of remain child-like,whereas Toby's dreams aren't constrained by his age. 
C) Anne doesn't experience visual imagery in her dreams,whereas Toby does. 
D) Neither Anne nor Toby experience visual imagery in their dreams because both have been blinded. 
A) Both Anne and Toby are able to "see" in their dreams and experience visual imagery. 
B) The things Anne dreams of remain child-like,whereas Toby's dreams aren't constrained by his age. 
C) Anne doesn't experience visual imagery in her dreams,whereas Toby does. 
D) Neither Anne nor Toby experience visual imagery in their dreams because both have been blinded.

Exam 5: D: Consciousness

The sleep-wake cycle is ultimately controlled by the part of the brain called the

Which of the following is true about dolphins and sleep?

Which of the following drugs has a very specific set of serious withdrawal symptoms?

Which of the following statements about sleepwalking is not true?

Hypnosis theorists all agree that people who respond easily to hypnotists and hypnotherapists are

The physical effects of __________ involve destroyed blood vessels,acne,weight loss,tremors,and dental problems.

Consciousness is the

How do auditory verbal hallucinations differ between psychotic and well-functioning nonpsychotic individuals?

The lack of aggression or negative emotion in children's dreams,when compared with adult's dreams,is explained by

Jim is 56 years old and slightly overweight.His wife reports that he snores loudly.What sleep disorder seems to fit Jim's symptoms?

Freud believed that dreams

Which of the following statements reflects one of the misconceptions about hypnosis?

Michelle claims that she often leaves her body and floats above her body,often during stressful events.Michelle experiences a phenomenon called

Dwayne and his nine-year-old son are sitting at the breakfast table and talking about various things.The son mentions a dream he had about school.Dwayne mentions a bizarre dream he had the previous night.These differences in the content of dreams is best explained by

According to the text,which of the following is not a legitimate concern regarding the long-term hazards of marijuana use?

After more than four days of severe sleep deprivation,people report experiencing

The difference between insomnia and apnea is that

Anne was blind from birth,and Toby was blinded in a car accident at the age of nine.Which of the following statements is accurate with respect to their dreams?

A: Psychology and Scientific Thinking

B: Psychology and Scientific Thinking

C: Psychology and Scientific Thinking

D: Psychology and Scientific Thinking

A: Research Methods

B: Research Methods

C: Research Methods

D: Research Methods

A: Biological Psychology

B: Biological Psychology

C: Biological Psychology

D: Biological Psychology

A: Sensation and Perception

B: Sensation and Perception

C: Sensation and Perception

D: Sensation and Perception

A: Consciousness

B: Consciousness

C: Consciousness

A: Learning

B: Learning

C: Learning

D: Learning

A: Memory

B: Memory

C: Memory

D: Memory

A: Thinking,reasoning,and Language

B: Language,thinking,and Reasoning

C: Language,thinking,and Reasoning

D: Language,thinking,and Reasoning

A: Intelligence and Iq Testing

B: Intelligence and Iq Testing

C: Intelligence and Iq Testing

D: Intelligence and Iq Testing

A: Human Development

B: Human Development

C: Human Development

D: Human Development

A: Emotion and Motivation

B: Emotion and Motivation

C: Emotion and Motivation

D: Emotion and Motivation

A: Stress,coping,and Health

B: Stress,coping,and Health

C: Stress,coping,and Health

D: Stress,coping,and Health

A: Social Psychology

B: Social Psychology

C: Social Psychology

D: Social Psychology

A: Personality

B: Personality

C: Personality

D: Personality

A: Psychological Disorders

B: Psychological Disorders

C: Psychological Disorders

D: Psychological Disorders

A: Psychological and Biological Treatments

B: Psychological and Biological Treatments