Exam 43: Animal Nervous Systems

In a resting potential, an example of a cation that is more abundant as a solute inside a neuron than it is in the interstitial fluid outside the neuron is ________.

The divisions of the nervous system that have antagonistic, or opposing, actions are the ________.

One of the complications of Alzheimer's disease is an interference with learning and memory. This disease would most likely involve ________.

Which is NOT an element of the efferent division of the peripheral nervous system?

In the sequence of permeability changes for a complete action potential, the first of these events that occurs is the ________.

What would be a consequence of a person having Na+ levels in the blood and interstitial fluids that are well below normal?

The release of acetylcholine from the terminal of a motor neuron is most directly linked to the ________.

What would probably happen if a long neuron had one continuous myelin sheath down the length of the axon with no nodes of Ranvier?

How could you increase the magnitude of inhibitory postsynaptic potentials (IPSPs) generated at a synapse?

What happens if twice as many inhibitory postsynaptic potentials (IPSPs) as excitatory postsynaptic potentials (EPSPs) arrive at a postsynaptic neuron in close proximity?

The activity of acetylcholine in a synapse is terminated by its ________.

Motor neurons release the neurotransmitter acetylcholine (ACh), and acetylcholinesterase degrades ACh in the synapse. If a neurophysiologist applies onchidal (a naturally occurring acetylcholinesterase inhibitor produced by the mollusk Onchidella binneyi) to a synapse, what would you expect to happen?

If the activity of the sodium-potassium pump was completely stopped, what would happen to the neuron's membrane potential?

Neurogenesis, or the formation of new neurons, ________.

Action potentials are normally carried in only one direction: from the axon hillock toward the axon terminals. If you experimentally depolarize the middle of the axon to threshold, using an electronic probe, then ________.

Most of the neurons in the human brain are ________.

An important excitatory neurotransmitter in the central nervous system (CNS) is ________.

Refer to the following graph of an action potential to answer the question(s) below. -The membrane potential is hyperpolarized at label ________.

The "undershoot" phase of after-hyperpolarization is due to ________.

For a neuron at rest with a membrane potential of −65 mV, an increase in the movement of potassium ions out of that neuron's cytoplasm would result in the ________.