Question 1

If the therapeutic index of Drug X is low, physicians

Accepted Answer

A)  should take more care in prescribing it due to an increased chance of risks. 
B)  can take less care in prescribing it due to a decreased chance of risks. 
C)  should not prescribe it because it is too dangerous. 
D)  should not prescribe it because it is not effective. 
E)  should prescribe it because it is the most effective drug of its type. 
A)  should take more care in prescribing it due to an increased chance of risks. 
B)  can take less care in prescribing it due to a decreased chance of risks. 
C)  should not prescribe it because it is too dangerous. 
D)  should not prescribe it because it is not effective. 
E)  should prescribe it because it is the most effective drug of its type.

Question 2

________ is the study of the effects of drugs on the nervous system and behavior.

Accepted Answer

The answer of ________ is the study of the effects...

Question 3

Administering a molecule that is a precursor for the synthesis of a synaptic neurotransmitter would be expected to

Accepted Answer

A)  reduce the availability of that neurotransmitter. 
B)  increase the rate of synthesis and release of that neurotransmitter. 
C)  alter the number of postsynaptic receptors. 
D)  act as an antagonist at autoreceptors. 
E)  dampen the activity of the synapse. 
A)  reduce the availability of that neurotransmitter. 
B)  increase the rate of synthesis and release of that neurotransmitter. 
C)  alter the number of postsynaptic receptors. 
D)  act as an antagonist at autoreceptors. 
E)  dampen the activity of the synapse.

Question 4

The unique aspect of norepinephrine (NE) release is that

Accepted Answer

A)  axonal varicosities release NE. 
B)  NE release does not require the entry of calcium ions. 
C)  black widow spider venom can block NE release. 
D)  amphetamine does not modify NE release. 
E)  NE can be released from glial cells. 
A)  axonal varicosities release NE. 
B)  NE release does not require the entry of calcium ions. 
C)  black widow spider venom can block NE release. 
D)  amphetamine does not modify NE release. 
E)  NE can be released from glial cells.

Question 5

One mechanism for the tolerance produced by repeated drug administration is a(n)

Accepted Answer

A)  decreased metabolism of the drug. 
B)  increased plasma level of the drug. 
C)  increased number of receptors in the brain. 
D)  reduced number of receptors for the drug. 
E)  increased number of ion channel openings in response to receptor activation. 
A)  decreased metabolism of the drug. 
B)  increased plasma level of the drug. 
C)  increased number of receptors in the brain. 
D)  reduced number of receptors for the drug. 
E)  increased number of ion channel openings in response to receptor activation.

Question 6

Memory impairment results from the effects of THC on CB1 receptors located in the ________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Memory impairment results from the effects of...

Question 7

Which transmitter below induces muscle movement and is the primary transmitter secreted by efferent axons of the central nervous system?

Accepted Answer

A)  acetylcholine 
B)  GABA 
C)  serotonin 
D)  glycine 
E)  glutamate 
A)  acetylcholine 
B)  GABA 
C)  serotonin 
D)  glycine 
E)  glutamate

Question 8

The term ________ refers to a state of anxious misery, often produced by withdrawal from certain drugs of abuse such as heroin.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The term ________ refers to a state...

Question 9

Explain what is meant by a therapeutic index.

Accepted Answer

This represents the difference

Question 10

A drug that activates a presynaptic autoreceptor will usually

Accepted Answer

A)  reduce the release of the neurotransmitter from the axon terminal. 
B)  alter the uptake of the neurotransmitter into the axon terminal. 
C)  block the opening of ion channels in the postsynaptic membrane. 
D)  increase the release of the neurotransmitter from the axon terminal. 
E)  be expected to act as an agonist for this synapse. 
A)  reduce the release of the neurotransmitter from the axon terminal. 
B)  alter the uptake of the neurotransmitter into the axon terminal. 
C)  block the opening of ion channels in the postsynaptic membrane. 
D)  increase the release of the neurotransmitter from the axon terminal. 
E)  be expected to act as an agonist for this synapse.

Question 11

Inactivation of a transporter in the presynaptic membrane would be expected to

Accepted Answer

A)  increase the levels of the transmitter in the synapse. 
B)  increase synthesis of the transmitter. 
C)  increase reuptake of the transmitter. 
D)  provide negative feedback on synthesis or release of transmitter. 
E)  increase the transmitter synthesis. 
A)  increase the levels of the transmitter in the synapse. 
B)  increase synthesis of the transmitter. 
C)  increase reuptake of the transmitter. 
D)  provide negative feedback on synthesis or release of transmitter. 
E)  increase the transmitter synthesis.

Question 12

Match up the transmitter substance below with the appropriate behavioral role or action of that transmitter.

Accepted Answer

A)  acetylcholine; facilitation of perceptual learning 
B)  dopamine; suppresses certain species-typical behaviors 
C)  norepinephrine; facilitation of learning 
D)  serotonin; increases vigilance 
E)  GABA; generally activates voluntary movements 
A)  acetylcholine; facilitation of perceptual learning 
B)  dopamine; suppresses certain species-typical behaviors 
C)  norepinephrine; facilitation of learning 
D)  serotonin; increases vigilance 
E)  GABA; generally activates voluntary movements

Question 13

An antagonistic effect on neurotransmitter synthesis includes

Accepted Answer

A)  blocking a precursor. 
B)  promoting a precursor. 
C)  blocking NT release. 
D)  promoting NT release. 
E)  blocking the autoreceptor. 
A)  blocking a precursor. 
B)  promoting a precursor. 
C)  blocking NT release. 
D)  promoting NT release. 
E)  blocking the autoreceptor.

Question 14

The GABAA receptor is ________ and controls a ________ channel.

Accepted Answer

A)  ionotropic; chloride 
B)  ionotropic; potassium 
C)  metabotropic; chloride 
D)  metabotropic; potassium 
E)  ionotropic; sodium 
A)  ionotropic; chloride 
B)  ionotropic; potassium 
C)  metabotropic; chloride 
D)  metabotropic; potassium 
E)  ionotropic; sodium

Question 15

Compare and contrast the locations and synaptic functions of the two types of acetylcholine receptors. Give an example of a drug that would antagonize each receptor type.

Accepted Answer

Nicotinic receptors are ionotropic and a

Question 16

________ is the precursor for the synthesis of dopamine.

Accepted Answer

The answer of ________ is the precursor for the synthesis...

Question 17

Which of the following is true of opioid effects in brain?

Accepted Answer

A)  Heroin is an example of an opioid receptor antagonist. 
B)  Opioids can induce euphoria and reward. 
C)  Opioids act to increase pain. 
D)  Naloxone is an example of an opioid receptor agonist. 
E)  Opioids do not induce dysphoria. 
A)  Heroin is an example of an opioid receptor antagonist. 
B)  Opioids can induce euphoria and reward. 
C)  Opioids act to increase pain. 
D)  Naloxone is an example of an opioid receptor agonist. 
E)  Opioids do not induce dysphoria.

Question 18

L-DOPA is given to a patient with Parkinson's Disease because

Accepted Answer

A)  dopamine cannot cross the blood-brain barrier. 
B)  serotonin cannot cross the blood-brain barrier. 
C)  L-DOPA is converted to norepinephrine. 
D)  L-DOPA is converted to epinephrine. 
E)  dopamine is too effective when it crosses the blood-brain barrier, resulting in schizophrenia-like symptoms. 
A)  dopamine cannot cross the blood-brain barrier. 
B)  serotonin cannot cross the blood-brain barrier. 
C)  L-DOPA is converted to norepinephrine. 
D)  L-DOPA is converted to epinephrine. 
E)  dopamine is too effective when it crosses the blood-brain barrier, resulting in schizophrenia-like symptoms.

Question 19

Which of the following is true of drug effects?

Accepted Answer

A)  Drugs vary widely in their effectiveness. 
B)  Drugs continue to show increases of effect even with super-large doses. 
C)  Heavier animals usually require lower drug doses than do lighter animals. 
D)  A drug has only one effect. 
E)  For a given animal weight, twice as much drug always has twice the effect. 
A)  Drugs vary widely in their effectiveness. 
B)  Drugs continue to show increases of effect even with super-large doses. 
C)  Heavier animals usually require lower drug doses than do lighter animals. 
D)  A drug has only one effect. 
E)  For a given animal weight, twice as much drug always has twice the effect.

Question 20

Dopamine belongs to the __________ class of monoamines.

Accepted Answer

A)  indolamine 
B)  ethylamine 
C)  catecholamine 
D)  amino acid 
E)  neuropeptide 
A)  indolamine 
B)  ethylamine 
C)  catecholamine 
D)  amino acid 
E)  neuropeptide

If the therapeutic index of Drug X is low, physicians

________ is the study of the effects of drugs on the nervous system and behavior.

Administering a molecule that is a precursor for the synthesis of a synaptic neurotransmitter would be expected to

The unique aspect of norepinephrine (NE) release is that

One mechanism for the tolerance produced by repeated drug administration is a(n)

Memory impairment results from the effects of THC on CB1 receptors located in the ________.

Which transmitter below induces muscle movement and is the primary transmitter secreted by efferent axons of the central nervous system?

The term ________ refers to a state of anxious misery, often produced by withdrawal from certain drugs of abuse such as heroin.

Explain what is meant by a therapeutic index.

A drug that activates a presynaptic autoreceptor will usually

Inactivation of a transporter in the presynaptic membrane would be expected to

Match up the transmitter substance below with the appropriate behavioral role or action of that transmitter.

An antagonistic effect on neurotransmitter synthesis includes

The GABA_A receptor is and controls a channel.

Compare and contrast the locations and synaptic functions of the two types of acetylcholine receptors. Give an example of a drug that would antagonize each receptor type.

________ is the precursor for the synthesis of dopamine.

Which of the following is true of opioid effects in brain?

L-DOPA is given to a patient with Parkinson's Disease because

Which of the following is true of drug effects?

Dopamine belongs to the __________ class of monoamines.

Introduction

Structure and Function of Cells of the Nervous System

Structure of the Nervous System

Methods and Strategies of Research

Vision

Audition, the Body Senses, and the Chemical Senses

Control of Movement

Sleep and Biological Rhythms

Reproductive Behavior

Emotion

Ingestive Behavior

Learning and Memory

Human Communication

Neurological Disorders

Schizophrenia and the Affective Disorders

Anxiety Disorders, Autistic Disorder, attention-Deficithyperactivity Disorder, and Stress Disorders

Substance Abuse

Filters

Exam 4: Psychopharmacology

If the therapeutic index of Drug X is low, physicians

________ is the study of the effects of drugs on the nervous system and behavior.

Administering a molecule that is a precursor for the synthesis of a synaptic neurotransmitter would be expected to

The unique aspect of norepinephrine (NE) release is that

One mechanism for the tolerance produced by repeated drug administration is a(n)

Memory impairment results from the effects of THC on CB1 receptors located in the ________.

Which transmitter below induces muscle movement and is the primary transmitter secreted by efferent axons of the central nervous system?

The term ________ refers to a state of anxious misery, often produced by withdrawal from certain drugs of abuse such as heroin.

Explain what is meant by a therapeutic index.

A drug that activates a presynaptic autoreceptor will usually

Inactivation of a transporter in the presynaptic membrane would be expected to

Match up the transmitter substance below with the appropriate behavioral role or action of that transmitter.

An antagonistic effect on neurotransmitter synthesis includes

The GABAA receptor is ________ and controls a ________ channel.

Compare and contrast the locations and synaptic functions of the two types of acetylcholine receptors. Give an example of a drug that would antagonize each receptor type.

________ is the precursor for the synthesis of dopamine.

Which of the following is true of opioid effects in brain?

L-DOPA is given to a patient with Parkinson's Disease because

Which of the following is true of drug effects?

Dopamine belongs to the __________ class of monoamines.

Introduction

Structure and Function of Cells of the Nervous System

Structure of the Nervous System

Methods and Strategies of Research

Vision

Audition, the Body Senses, and the Chemical Senses

Control of Movement

Sleep and Biological Rhythms

Reproductive Behavior

Emotion

Ingestive Behavior

Learning and Memory

Human Communication

Neurological Disorders

Schizophrenia and the Affective Disorders

Anxiety Disorders, Autistic Disorder, attention-Deficithyperactivity Disorder, and Stress Disorders

Substance Abuse

Filters

The GABA_A receptor is and controls a channel.