Question 1

Toxic signs of lithium overdose consist of

Accepted Answer

A) hyperactivity and constipation 
B) hallucinations 
C) drowsiness, mental confusion, and muscular weakness 
D) inability to perceive pain 
A) hyperactivity and constipation 
B) hallucinations 
C) drowsiness, mental confusion, and muscular weakness 
D) inability to perceive pain C

Question 2

When would it be most appropriate to supplement lithium therapy for bipolar disorder with antipsychotic drugs?

Accepted Answer

A) at the beginning of treatment during a manic episode 
B) after a manic episode has been effectively reduced with lithium 
C) during a depressive episode 
D) when the person begins to show signs of lithium toxicity 
A) at the beginning of treatment during a manic episode 
B) after a manic episode has been effectively reduced with lithium 
C) during a depressive episode 
D) when the person begins to show signs of lithium toxicity A

Question 3

What was the major reason for lithium's slow acceptance by psychiatrists in the U.S.as a treatment for affective disorders?

Accepted Answer

A) its relatively low efficacy rate 
B) it was difficult to synthesize 
C) its toxicity 
D) it is a very rare and expensive element 
A) its relatively low efficacy rate 
B) it was difficult to synthesize 
C) its toxicity 
D) it is a very rare and expensive element C

Question 4

Monoamine oxidase inhibitors generally

Accepted Answer

A) exhibit fewer toxic food interactions than other classes of antidepressant drugs 
B) have a higher efficacy rate than tricyclic antidepressants 
C) have more anticholinergic side effects than tricyclics 
D) none of the above 
A) exhibit fewer toxic food interactions than other classes of antidepressant drugs 
B) have a higher efficacy rate than tricyclic antidepressants 
C) have more anticholinergic side effects than tricyclics 
D) none of the above

Question 5

Which of these is the most commonly diagnosed affective disorder?

Accepted Answer

A) unipolar depression 
B) mania 
C) bipolar disorder 
D) histrionic depression 
A) unipolar depression 
B) mania 
C) bipolar disorder 
D) histrionic depression

Question 6

One of the primary differences among the drugs classified as "traditional" tricyclic antidepressants is their

Accepted Answer

A) relative efficacy in relieving depression 
B) tendency to induce anticholinergic side effects 
C) relative potency in blocking the reuptake of cyclic AMP 
D) none of the above 
A) relative efficacy in relieving depression 
B) tendency to induce anticholinergic side effects 
C) relative potency in blocking the reuptake of cyclic AMP 
D) none of the above

Question 7

Give two pieces of evidence that support the catecholamine hypothesis of depression and one piece of evidence that seems to conflict with the hypothesis.

Accepted Answer

The actions and behavioral effects of re

Question 8

Of the antidepressants in clinical use today, as a group they are LEAST likely to differ in terms of

Accepted Answer

A) the percentage of clinically depressed people that show symptom remission 
B) their potency in inhibiting serotonin reuptake 
C) their potency in inhibiting norepinephrine reuptake 
D) their potency in blocking acetylcholine receptors 
A) the percentage of clinically depressed people that show symptom remission 
B) their potency in inhibiting serotonin reuptake 
C) their potency in inhibiting norepinephrine reuptake 
D) their potency in blocking acetylcholine receptors

Question 9

One of the more common side effects associated with the SSRIs is

Accepted Answer

A) drowsiness 
B) sexual dysfunction such as impotence and inability to achieve orgasm 
C) cardiac arrhythmias 
D) all of these 
A) drowsiness 
B) sexual dysfunction such as impotence and inability to achieve orgasm 
C) cardiac arrhythmias 
D) all of these

Question 10

Clinically effective antidepressants in present use differ primarily with respect to their

Accepted Answer

A) potency in blocking cholinergic activity 
B) relative affinity for serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake systems 
C) relative ability to reduce monoamine oxidase activity 
D) all of the above 
A) potency in blocking cholinergic activity 
B) relative affinity for serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake systems 
C) relative ability to reduce monoamine oxidase activity 
D) all of the above

Question 11

Most antidepressants presently on the market differ primarily in terms of their

Accepted Answer

A) efficacy in relieving depression 
B) time before onset of clinical benefits 
C) side effect profiles and toxicity 
D) all of these 
A) efficacy in relieving depression 
B) time before onset of clinical benefits 
C) side effect profiles and toxicity 
D) all of these

Question 12

Tolerance development regarding desired effects and psychological dependence has been well established to occur with

Accepted Answer

A) selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors 
B) tricyclic antidepressants 
C) monoamine oxidase inhibitors 
D) none of these 
A) selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors 
B) tricyclic antidepressants 
C) monoamine oxidase inhibitors 
D) none of these

Question 13

An advantage of the newer, reversible monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs) over the older MAOIs is

Accepted Answer

A) less interaction with exogenous amines that can induce toxic reactions 
B) a shorter time period of MAO inhibition after one stops taking the drugs 
C) less likelihood of dopamine build up in the brain that could trigger manic symptoms 
D) all of these 
A) less interaction with exogenous amines that can induce toxic reactions 
B) a shorter time period of MAO inhibition after one stops taking the drugs 
C) less likelihood of dopamine build up in the brain that could trigger manic symptoms 
D) all of these

Question 14

In patients with major depression, there is some evidence that the difference in efficacy between active medications and placebo may increase after ______ of treatment.

Accepted Answer

A) 8 weeks 
B) 6 weeks 
C) 4 weeks 
D) 2 weeks 
A) 8 weeks 
B) 6 weeks 
C) 4 weeks 
D) 2 weeks

Question 15

Recent theories attempting to explain the mood stabilizing properties of lithium and antiseizure medications have proposed actions of these drugs that

Accepted Answer

A) promote neurogenesis and neuronal growth 
B) enhance catecholamine activity in the brain 
C) suppress acetylcholine activity in the brain 
D) enhance secondary messenger systems 
A) promote neurogenesis and neuronal growth 
B) enhance catecholamine activity in the brain 
C) suppress acetylcholine activity in the brain 
D) enhance secondary messenger systems

Question 16

What are the primary clinical differences among the newer antidepressants, called selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, and one of the oldest classes of antidepressants called the tricyclics?

Accepted Answer

Although the clinical efficacy of these

Question 17

The most significant problem associated with the use of lithium in the treatment of affective disorders is

Accepted Answer

A) its low therapeutic index 
B) its low efficacy rate 
C) its high cost 
D) the requirement to maintain low sodium intake 
A) its low therapeutic index 
B) its low efficacy rate 
C) its high cost 
D) the requirement to maintain low sodium intake

Question 18

The most frequently prescribed antidepressant drugs with relatively low anticholinergic side effects are

Accepted Answer

A) selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors 
B) non-selective dopamine reuptake inhibitors 
C) non-selective noradrenergic inhibitors 
D) lithium 
A) selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors 
B) non-selective dopamine reuptake inhibitors 
C) non-selective noradrenergic inhibitors 
D) lithium

Question 19

Why are the monoamine oxidase inhibitors generally considered one of the last types of medications in the pharmacological treatment of clinical depression?

Accepted Answer

Primarily due to their ability to produc

Question 20

Research involving treatments that induce acute tryptophan depletion in the brain have found that this type of treatment

Accepted Answer

A) often induces the core symptoms of depression in normal, healthy humans. 
B) often induces symptoms of depression in individuals who have a family history of major depression 
C) often reduces the symptoms of depression in individuals diagnosed with major depression 
D) both a and b 
A) often induces the core symptoms of depression in normal, healthy humans. 
B) often induces symptoms of depression in individuals who have a family history of major depression 
C) often reduces the symptoms of depression in individuals diagnosed with major depression 
D) both a and b

Toxic signs of lithium overdose consist of

When would it be most appropriate to supplement lithium therapy for bipolar disorder with antipsychotic drugs?

What was the major reason for lithium's slow acceptance by psychiatrists in the U.S.as a treatment for affective disorders?

Monoamine oxidase inhibitors generally

Which of these is the most commonly diagnosed affective disorder?

One of the primary differences among the drugs classified as "traditional" tricyclic antidepressants is their

Give two pieces of evidence that support the catecholamine hypothesis of depression and one piece of evidence that seems to conflict with the hypothesis.

Of the antidepressants in clinical use today, as a group they are LEAST likely to differ in terms of

One of the more common side effects associated with the SSRIs is

Clinically effective antidepressants in present use differ primarily with respect to their

Most antidepressants presently on the market differ primarily in terms of their

Tolerance development regarding desired effects and psychological dependence has been well established to occur with

An advantage of the newer, reversible monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs) over the older MAOIs is

In patients with major depression, there is some evidence that the difference in efficacy between active medications and placebo may increase after ______ of treatment.

Recent theories attempting to explain the mood stabilizing properties of lithium and antiseizure medications have proposed actions of these drugs that

What are the primary clinical differences among the newer antidepressants, called selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, and one of the oldest classes of antidepressants called the tricyclics?

The most significant problem associated with the use of lithium in the treatment of affective disorders is

The most frequently prescribed antidepressant drugs with relatively low anticholinergic side effects are

Why are the monoamine oxidase inhibitors generally considered one of the last types of medications in the pharmacological treatment of clinical depression?

Research involving treatments that induce acute tryptophan depletion in the brain have found that this type of treatment

Psychopharmacology in Perspective

Drug Classification and Behavioral Assessment

Basic Principles of Pharmacology

Excitability and Chemical Signaling in Nerve Cells

Synaptic Transmission, Drugs, and Chemical Neuroanatomy

Tolerance, Sensitization, Dependence, and Addiction

Psychomotor Stimulants and Antiparkinsonian Drugs

Antipsychotic Drugs and Neurochemical Hypotheses of Schizophrenia

Sedative-Hypnotics, Anxiolytics, and Anticonvulsants

Drug Treatment of Cognitive Dysfunction

Naturally Occurring and Synthetic Opiates and Their Antagonists

Dissociative Anesthetics

Filters

Exam 9: Antidepressants and Mood Stabilizers

Toxic signs of lithium overdose consist of

When would it be most appropriate to supplement lithium therapy for bipolar disorder with antipsychotic drugs?

What was the major reason for lithium's slow acceptance by psychiatrists in the U.S.as a treatment for affective disorders?

Monoamine oxidase inhibitors generally

Which of these is the most commonly diagnosed affective disorder?

One of the primary differences among the drugs classified as "traditional" tricyclic antidepressants is their

Give two pieces of evidence that support the catecholamine hypothesis of depression and one piece of evidence that seems to conflict with the hypothesis.

Of the antidepressants in clinical use today, as a group they are LEAST likely to differ in terms of

One of the more common side effects associated with the SSRIs is

Clinically effective antidepressants in present use differ primarily with respect to their

Most antidepressants presently on the market differ primarily in terms of their

Tolerance development regarding desired effects and psychological dependence has been well established to occur with

An advantage of the newer, reversible monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs) over the older MAOIs is

In patients with major depression, there is some evidence that the difference in efficacy between active medications and placebo may increase after ______ of treatment.

Recent theories attempting to explain the mood stabilizing properties of lithium and antiseizure medications have proposed actions of these drugs that

What are the primary clinical differences among the newer antidepressants, called selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, and one of the oldest classes of antidepressants called the tricyclics?

The most significant problem associated with the use of lithium in the treatment of affective disorders is

The most frequently prescribed antidepressant drugs with relatively low anticholinergic side effects are

Why are the monoamine oxidase inhibitors generally considered one of the last types of medications in the pharmacological treatment of clinical depression?

Research involving treatments that induce acute tryptophan depletion in the brain have found that this type of treatment

Psychopharmacology in Perspective

Drug Classification and Behavioral Assessment

Basic Principles of Pharmacology

Excitability and Chemical Signaling in Nerve Cells

Synaptic Transmission, Drugs, and Chemical Neuroanatomy

Tolerance, Sensitization, Dependence, and Addiction

Psychomotor Stimulants and Antiparkinsonian Drugs

Antipsychotic Drugs and Neurochemical Hypotheses of Schizophrenia

Sedative-Hypnotics, Anxiolytics, and Anticonvulsants

Drug Treatment of Cognitive Dysfunction

Naturally Occurring and Synthetic Opiates and Their Antagonists

Dissociative Anesthetics

Filters