Exam 15: A: Psychological Disorders

What were neurotic disorders,or neuroses,originally conceived to be?

According to research,what is a common cause of dissociative disorders?

Imagine you have a clinical neuropsychologist,a psychoanalyst,a behavioural psychologist,a cognitive psychologist,and a sociocultural psychologist all discussing the causes of depression.How would each of these individuals explain the etiology of depression?

What type of information does Axis III of the DSM-IV-TR incorporate?

A man feels as though his life is like a rollercoaster.He goes through periods of severe depression that alternate with manic episodes.Which diagnosis is most appropriate?

According to Susan Nolen-Hoeksema,when women experience sadness,they attempt to distract themselves from depressed feelings,whereas when men experience sadness,they tend to think about the possible causes and implications of their feelings.

What are the two categories of phobias defined by the DSM-IV-TR?

Explanatory style theory suggests that individuals who attribute failure to external,unstable,and specific causes are most vulnerable to depression.

Although she knows it does not make sense and she dreads having to do so,a woman must count to a million before she gets out of bed.This takes her most of the day.Which diagnosis best captures this behaviour?

An individual who suffers from bipolar disorder is asked to name the colours in which words are printed while undergoing an fMRI scan.What type of activity would most likely be recorded in the caudal ventral prefrontal cortex (cVPFC)?

Increased levels of serotonin and norepinephrine have been linked to depression; reduced levels of these neurotransmitters have been associated with mania.

What is the definition of comorbidity?

Although a woman has suffered from schizophrenia in the past,she currently seems to be free of most of the severe symptoms,although she still suffers from occasional minor symptoms.Which type of schizophrenia is being characterized?

In a study that is described in the textbook,researchers attempted to determine if there was a relationship between parenting practices and antisocial personality traits.What did the results of the study indicate?

A study described in the textbook established an important relationship between genetic variations and life experiences in the etiology of depression.What did the results indicate?

Some individuals have experienced more than one disorder simultaneously at some point in their lives,a phenomenon known as __________.

Which statement most accurately represents our understanding of the relationship between family factors and schizophrenia?

A lawyer is presenting an insanity case to the jury and in his argument,he states that the DSM-IV-TR defines insanity as a mental disorder with a genetic basis.What makes this lawyer's statement questionable?

Although a person may be at risk genetically for schizophrenia because it runs in his or her family,the person may not develop the illness unless environmental stress is high enough.Which term best captures this phenomenon?

A person has hallucinations,"hearing" things that no one else can hear.With respect to this behaviour,which criterion of abnormality has been met?