Question 1

In terms of sensory capabilities, you came into the world with:

Accepted Answer

A)  good visual sensitivity but unable to smell or taste 
B)  the ability to process stimuli related to all five senses 
C)  good taste and smell but only a minimal sense of hearing 
D)  excellent vision but poorly developed senses of smell and taste 
A)  good visual sensitivity but unable to smell or taste 
B)  the ability to process stimuli related to all five senses 
C)  good taste and smell but only a minimal sense of hearing 
D)  excellent vision but poorly developed senses of smell and taste

Question 2

It is a common observation that when families move to a new culture, children master the new language more quickly and thoroughly than parents. A psychological argument consistent with this observation is:

Accepted Answer

A)  the notion of a "sensitive period" for the acquisition of language across the lifespan 
B)  that the overlearning of one cognitive skill inhibits the learning of others 
C)  that across languages, mastery of one grammar makes it difficult to learn another grammar 
D)  that children learn language from peers, not from parents 
A)  the notion of a "sensitive period" for the acquisition of language across the lifespan 
B)  that the overlearning of one cognitive skill inhibits the learning of others 
C)  that across languages, mastery of one grammar makes it difficult to learn another grammar 
D)  that children learn language from peers, not from parents

Question 3

The notion of critical periods:

Accepted Answer

A)  is now viewed as too rigid to explain aspects of human development 
B)  has been generally discarded in the analysis of all animal behaviour 
C)  is useful in explaining biological but not cognitive development 
D)  has been documented for human language acquisition 
A)  is now viewed as too rigid to explain aspects of human development 
B)  has been generally discarded in the analysis of all animal behaviour 
C)  is useful in explaining biological but not cognitive development 
D)  has been documented for human language acquisition

Question 4

A central criticism of Piaget's theory of development takes issue with his argument that:

Accepted Answer

A)  development proceeds in stages 
B)  differentiating self from objects is as important as Piaget makes it appear 
C)  individuals go through the developmental stages in the same order 
D)  object permanence develops more quickly in females than males 
A)  development proceeds in stages 
B)  differentiating self from objects is as important as Piaget makes it appear 
C)  individuals go through the developmental stages in the same order 
D)  object permanence develops more quickly in females than males

Question 5

A toymaker wants to determine which of three colours infants like best. Which of the following techniques would be best for assessing this preference?

Accepted Answer

A)  strange-situation test 
B)  preferential-looking technique 
C)  visual acuity tests 
D)  There is no good technique, as infants cannot yet distinguish colours. 
A)  strange-situation test 
B)  preferential-looking technique 
C)  visual acuity tests 
D)  There is no good technique, as infants cannot yet distinguish colours.

Question 6

One result of the increasing number of people with mixed-race backgrounds is that people are:

Accepted Answer

A)  increasingly less willing to identify with only one ethnic or racial group 
B)  increasingly searching for an ethnic or racial group to which they can belong 
C)  rejecting any ethnic or racial identity 
D)  becoming more sensitive to their particular racial or ethnic group identity 
A)  increasingly less willing to identify with only one ethnic or racial group 
B)  increasingly searching for an ethnic or racial group to which they can belong 
C)  rejecting any ethnic or racial identity 
D)  becoming more sensitive to their particular racial or ethnic group identity

Question 7

Which of the following is NOT true of teratogens?

Accepted Answer

A)  Teratogens include any chemical in the environment that negatively affects a developing embryo or fetus. 
B)  Teratogens are a group of recessive genes that affect the child while still in the womb. 
C)  Teratogens include alcohol, prescription drugs, and environmental chemicals. 
D)  Teratogens are often avoidable. 
A)  Teratogens include any chemical in the environment that negatively affects a developing embryo or fetus. 
B)  Teratogens are a group of recessive genes that affect the child while still in the womb. 
C)  Teratogens include alcohol, prescription drugs, and environmental chemicals. 
D)  Teratogens are often avoidable.

Question 8

What is the influence of the environment on brain development?

Accepted Answer

A)  none; brain development is controlled by genes 
B)  none; the brain is fully developed at birth 
C)  substantial; but the influence is primarily through diet 
D)  substantial; a broad range of environmental factors affects brain development 
A)  none; brain development is controlled by genes 
B)  none; the brain is fully developed at birth 
C)  substantial; but the influence is primarily through diet 
D)  substantial; a broad range of environmental factors affects brain development

Question 9

Using a task in which an infant moved a mobile by kicking, it was demonstrated that over the first 18 months of life:

Accepted Answer

A)  memory is good and relatively stable 
B)  children cannot remember anything 
C)  children fail to see a relationship between kicking and mobile movement 
D)  children develop the ability to remember an event for several weeks 
A)  memory is good and relatively stable 
B)  children cannot remember anything 
C)  children fail to see a relationship between kicking and mobile movement 
D)  children develop the ability to remember an event for several weeks

Question 10

Which of the following models suggests that moral emotions are based in physiological mechanisms that help people make decisions?

Accepted Answer

A)  Kohlberg's moral reasoning theory 
B)  Damasio's somatic marker hypothesis 
C)  Bowlby's attachment models 
D)  Piaget's developmental theory 
A)  Kohlberg's moral reasoning theory 
B)  Damasio's somatic marker hypothesis 
C)  Bowlby's attachment models 
D)  Piaget's developmental theory

Question 11

According to the biocultural systems theory, the cultural values and norms of a particular culture or society, for example European cultural values, are part of the:

Accepted Answer

A)  microsystem 
B)  macrosystem 
C)  chronosystem 
D)  medialsystem 
A)  microsystem 
B)  macrosystem 
C)  chronosystem 
D)  medialsystem

Question 12

The case of "Genie" discussed in your textbook demonstrates:

Accepted Answer

A)  how autism can affect behaviour 
B)  the negative impact of social isolation on normal development 
C)  that brain development is relatively unaffected by one's early environment 
D)  that early language develops even in the absence of environmental stimulation 
A)  how autism can affect behaviour 
B)  the negative impact of social isolation on normal development 
C)  that brain development is relatively unaffected by one's early environment 
D)  that early language develops even in the absence of environmental stimulation

Question 13

In general, research supports the notion that parental divorce:

Accepted Answer

A)  has relatively little impact on children 
B)  is associated with conduct disorders and psychological problems in children 
C)  has a greater negative impact on more intelligent children 
D)  has the unexpected outcome of decreasing divorce rates in children 
A)  has relatively little impact on children 
B)  is associated with conduct disorders and psychological problems in children 
C)  has a greater negative impact on more intelligent children 
D)  has the unexpected outcome of decreasing divorce rates in children

Question 14

The orienting reflex is the tendency for an infant to:

Accepted Answer

A)  pay more attention to novel stimuli than to stimuli he or she is familiar with 
B)  move toward any breastlike stimulus 
C)  prefer subtle patterns to bold patterns 
D)  look away less quickly when the stimulus is familiar 
A)  pay more attention to novel stimuli than to stimuli he or she is familiar with 
B)  move toward any breastlike stimulus 
C)  prefer subtle patterns to bold patterns 
D)  look away less quickly when the stimulus is familiar

Question 15

Babies generate their first words at around:

Accepted Answer

A)  6 months 
B)  1 year 
C)  18 months 
D)  2 years 
A)  6 months 
B)  1 year 
C)  18 months 
D)  2 years

Question 16

Your best friend recently had a baby. She is excited because the baby smiled at birth, and she believes that the smiling indicated attachment. You know that:

Accepted Answer

A)  your friend is absolutely right; newborns smile at their mothers from birth to indicate attachment 
B)  the smiling is likely the result of pleasurable feelings felt by the newborn, not social smiling 
C)  babies smile when they think about their mothers, even before birth 
D)  newborns rarely smile at their mothers, but are more likely to indicate attachment by crying and reaching 
A)  your friend is absolutely right; newborns smile at their mothers from birth to indicate attachment 
B)  the smiling is likely the result of pleasurable feelings felt by the newborn, not social smiling 
C)  babies smile when they think about their mothers, even before birth 
D)  newborns rarely smile at their mothers, but are more likely to indicate attachment by crying and reaching

Question 17

Infants less than 10 days old:

Accepted Answer

A)  will alter their behaviour if the alteration allows them to hear their mother's voice 
B)  have the auditory acuity of an adult 
C)  can see stimuli in depth 
D)  begin to learn vocabulary audiovisually 
A)  will alter their behaviour if the alteration allows them to hear their mother's voice 
B)  have the auditory acuity of an adult 
C)  can see stimuli in depth 
D)  begin to learn vocabulary audiovisually

Question 18

Work on language acquisition with animals has shown that:

Accepted Answer

A)  while chimps lack the ability to speak aloud, they can easily master the key components of the human language 
B)  chimps can master sign language, but not spoken language 
C)  chimps, while very good at communicating, are not able to master the key components of human language 
D)  animals have little or no language or communication within their species 
A)  while chimps lack the ability to speak aloud, they can easily master the key components of the human language 
B)  chimps can master sign language, but not spoken language 
C)  chimps, while very good at communicating, are not able to master the key components of human language 
D)  animals have little or no language or communication within their species

Question 19

Which of the following is NOT a typical behaviour shown by adults when they interact with infants?

Accepted Answer

A)  Adults use a high-pitched voice. 
B)  Adults make exaggerated facial expressions. 
C)  Adults talk in low, soft sounds. 
D)  Adults rock back and forth while holding babies. 
A)  Adults use a high-pitched voice. 
B)  Adults make exaggerated facial expressions. 
C)  Adults talk in low, soft sounds. 
D)  Adults rock back and forth while holding babies.

Question 20

According to the biocultural systems theory, which system includes the family and has the greatest and most immediate effects on a child?

Accepted Answer

A)  microsystem 
B)  macrosystem 
C)  chronosystem 
D)  exosystem 
A)  microsystem 
B)  macrosystem 
C)  chronosystem 
D)  exosystem

In terms of sensory capabilities, you came into the world with:

It is a common observation that when families move to a new culture, children master the new language more quickly and thoroughly than parents. A psychological argument consistent with this observation is:

The notion of critical periods:

A central criticism of Piaget's theory of development takes issue with his argument that:

A toymaker wants to determine which of three colours infants like best. Which of the following techniques would be best for assessing this preference?

One result of the increasing number of people with mixed-race backgrounds is that people are:

Which of the following is NOT true of teratogens?

What is the influence of the environment on brain development?

Using a task in which an infant moved a mobile by kicking, it was demonstrated that over the first 18 months of life:

Which of the following models suggests that moral emotions are based in physiological mechanisms that help people make decisions?

According to the biocultural systems theory, the cultural values and norms of a particular culture or society, for example European cultural values, are part of the:

The case of "Genie" discussed in your textbook demonstrates:

In general, research supports the notion that parental divorce:

The orienting reflex is the tendency for an infant to:

Babies generate their first words at around:

Your best friend recently had a baby. She is excited because the baby smiled at birth, and she believes that the smiling indicated attachment. You know that:

Infants less than 10 days old:

Work on language acquisition with animals has shown that:

Which of the following is NOT a typical behaviour shown by adults when they interact with infants?

According to the biocultural systems theory, which system includes the family and has the greatest and most immediate effects on a child?

Introduction

Research Methodology

Biological Foundations

The Mind and Consciousness

Sensation and Perception

Learning

Attention and Memory

Thinking and Intelligence

Motivation and Emotion

Health and Well-Being

Social Psychology

Personality

Psychological Disorders

Treatment of Psychological Disorders

Cultural Psychology

Filters

Exam 11: Human Development

In terms of sensory capabilities, you came into the world with:

It is a common observation that when families move to a new culture, children master the new language more quickly and thoroughly than parents. A psychological argument consistent with this observation is:

The notion of critical periods:

A central criticism of Piaget's theory of development takes issue with his argument that:

A toymaker wants to determine which of three colours infants like best. Which of the following techniques would be best for assessing this preference?

One result of the increasing number of people with mixed-race backgrounds is that people are:

Which of the following is NOT true of teratogens?

What is the influence of the environment on brain development?

Using a task in which an infant moved a mobile by kicking, it was demonstrated that over the first 18 months of life:

Which of the following models suggests that moral emotions are based in physiological mechanisms that help people make decisions?

According to the biocultural systems theory, the cultural values and norms of a particular culture or society, for example European cultural values, are part of the:

The case of "Genie" discussed in your textbook demonstrates:

In general, research supports the notion that parental divorce:

The orienting reflex is the tendency for an infant to:

Babies generate their first words at around:

Your best friend recently had a baby. She is excited because the baby smiled at birth, and she believes that the smiling indicated attachment. You know that:

Infants less than 10 days old:

Work on language acquisition with animals has shown that:

Which of the following is NOT a typical behaviour shown by adults when they interact with infants?

According to the biocultural systems theory, which system includes the family and has the greatest and most immediate effects on a child?

Introduction

Research Methodology

Biological Foundations

The Mind and Consciousness

Sensation and Perception

Learning

Attention and Memory

Thinking and Intelligence

Motivation and Emotion

Health and Well-Being

Social Psychology

Personality

Psychological Disorders

Treatment of Psychological Disorders

Cultural Psychology

Filters