Question 1

The first categorization of psychological disorders developed out of:

Accepted Answer

A)  Kraepelin's realization that not all people with abnormal behaviour have similar symptoms 
B)  the statistical finding that psychological disorders involve separate traits and behaviours 
C)  behaviourist treatments which only applied to a few, not all, categories of disorder 
D)  brain imaging studies which revealed that disorders had unique biological correlates 
A)  Kraepelin's realization that not all people with abnormal behaviour have similar symptoms 
B)  the statistical finding that psychological disorders involve separate traits and behaviours 
C)  behaviourist treatments which only applied to a few, not all, categories of disorder 
D)  brain imaging studies which revealed that disorders had unique biological correlates A

Question 2

Good clinical interviewers tend to:

Accepted Answer

A)  be trained within a particular theoretical position 
B)  have a high IQ 
C)  be nonjudgmental and trusting 
D)  be those who get the most information from the client 
A)  be trained within a particular theoretical position 
B)  have a high IQ 
C)  be nonjudgmental and trusting 
D)  be those who get the most information from the client C

Question 3

Depressed individuals tend to attribute negative outcomes to ____________ and attribute positive outcomes to ____________.

Accepted Answer

A)  others; ideal and unrealistic role models 
B)  personal shortcomings; luck 
C)  chance; chance 
D)  errors in logic; an idealized part of themselves 
A)  others; ideal and unrealistic role models 
B)  personal shortcomings; luck 
C)  chance; chance 
D)  errors in logic; an idealized part of themselves B

Question 4

Alan entered therapy because he was becoming very depressed. Alan's psychotherapist suggested Alan write down his thoughts each day and analyze these thoughts for irrational assumptions and unrealistic expectations that might contribute to his depressed mood. This psychotherapist is using a ____________ perspective to help Alan.

Accepted Answer

A)  psychodynamic 
B)  humanistic 
C)  cognitive-behavioural 
D)  socio-cultural 
A)  psychodynamic 
B)  humanistic 
C)  cognitive-behavioural 
D)  socio-cultural

Question 5

One explanation offered in the textbook for the rapid recent increase in the diagnosis of dissociative disorders is that:

Accepted Answer

A)  childhood physical abuse, the primary antecedent of the disorder, has increased 
B)  more therapists believe the disorder is real and elicit reports from their patients that confirm it 
C)  more criminals are receiving psychiatric screening and dissociative disorders are particularly prevalent in this group 
D)  the disorder is caused by an environmental toxin that is now more widespread 
A)  childhood physical abuse, the primary antecedent of the disorder, has increased 
B)  more therapists believe the disorder is real and elicit reports from their patients that confirm it 
C)  more criminals are receiving psychiatric screening and dissociative disorders are particularly prevalent in this group 
D)  the disorder is caused by an environmental toxin that is now more widespread

Question 6

Jonah and Elias are participants in a research study. One task involves reading an ambiguous story, which participants can interpret in a variety of ways. Jonah interprets the story as threatening. Elias, however, interprets the story as comical. What conclusions can you draw about the personalities of Jonah and Elias?

Accepted Answer

A)  Jonah probably tends to experience excessive anxiety while Elias does not. 
B)  Elias probably tends to disregard others' feelings while Jonah is highly sensitive to others' feelings. 
C)  Jonah and Elias probably have opposing personality disorders-one is internalizing and the other is externalizing. 
D)  Jonah probably tends to experience mood dysfunction but Elias does not. 
A)  Jonah probably tends to experience excessive anxiety while Elias does not. 
B)  Elias probably tends to disregard others' feelings while Jonah is highly sensitive to others' feelings. 
C)  Jonah and Elias probably have opposing personality disorders-one is internalizing and the other is externalizing. 
D)  Jonah probably tends to experience mood dysfunction but Elias does not.

Question 7

Chris has been diagnosed with anti-social personality disorder. The prognosis for successful treatment of the disorder is:

Accepted Answer

A)  extremely poor 
B)  good if treatment is started early 
C)  excellent if the cause can be identified 
D)  good if Chris is female, poor if Chris is male 
A)  extremely poor 
B)  good if treatment is started early 
C)  excellent if the cause can be identified 
D)  good if Chris is female, poor if Chris is male

Question 8

People who cannot tolerate the idea of being abandoned, who have highly negative emotional reactions to relationship disruption, and who often act impulsively fit the description of someone with:

Accepted Answer

A)  borderline personality disorder 
B)  narcissistic personality disorder 
C)  bipolar disorder 
D)  dysthymia 
A)  borderline personality disorder 
B)  narcissistic personality disorder 
C)  bipolar disorder 
D)  dysthymia

Question 9

Dissociative identity disorder is an example of:

Accepted Answer

A)  a serious psychological condition which claims many more victims than most people realize 
B)  an invalid psychological diagnosis 
C)  a genetically invariant disorder 
D)  a diagnosis which has been affected by societal forces 
A)  a serious psychological condition which claims many more victims than most people realize 
B)  an invalid psychological diagnosis 
C)  a genetically invariant disorder 
D)  a diagnosis which has been affected by societal forces

Question 10

Which of the following children would have the most difficult time making social-emotional connections with other children?

Accepted Answer

A)  Tommy, who has attention deficit hyperactivity disorder 
B)  Willey, who has a disruptive behaviour disorder 
C)  Chad, who has obsessive-compulsive disorder 
D)  Corey, who has a more severe form of autism 
A)  Tommy, who has attention deficit hyperactivity disorder 
B)  Willey, who has a disruptive behaviour disorder 
C)  Chad, who has obsessive-compulsive disorder 
D)  Corey, who has a more severe form of autism

Question 11

The role of hereditary factors in autism:

Accepted Answer

A)  has been based on large-scale studies of people with autism and their children 
B)  was more prevalent when the disorder was first defined, in the 1960s 
C)  has recently been confirmed by family and twin studies 
D)  is about equal to that played by environmental factors like parenting 
A)  has been based on large-scale studies of people with autism and their children 
B)  was more prevalent when the disorder was first defined, in the 1960s 
C)  has recently been confirmed by family and twin studies 
D)  is about equal to that played by environmental factors like parenting

Question 12

Which of the following is the best example of an anxiety response rather than a fear response, as defined in the textbook?

Accepted Answer

A)  A person jumps out of the way of an oncoming car. 
B)  A person worries that she will never graduate from university and will be poor and homeless. 
C)  A person thinks about strategies to avoid walking alone in a dangerous neighbourhood. 
D)  A person starts crying after receiving news that she has cancer. 
A)  A person jumps out of the way of an oncoming car. 
B)  A person worries that she will never graduate from university and will be poor and homeless. 
C)  A person thinks about strategies to avoid walking alone in a dangerous neighbourhood. 
D)  A person starts crying after receiving news that she has cancer.

Question 13

Dysthymia is to depression as hypomania is to:

Accepted Answer

A)  mania 
B)  schizophrenia 
C)  anxiety disorders 
D)  borderline personality disorder 
A)  mania 
B)  schizophrenia 
C)  anxiety disorders 
D)  borderline personality disorder

Question 14

A central criticism of the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI) as a psychological assessment tool is that it:

Accepted Answer

A)  depends upon self-report 
B)  is more valid with females than with males 
C)  is less valid when used outside of North America 
D)  depends upon clinical judgment as to what constitutes "normal" responding 
A)  depends upon self-report 
B)  is more valid with females than with males 
C)  is less valid when used outside of North America 
D)  depends upon clinical judgment as to what constitutes "normal" responding

Question 15

Which of the following behavioural characteristics would tell you that a man you know is suffering from anti-social personality disorder rather than some other personality disorder?

Accepted Answer

A)  He has a weak sense of self and does not like to be alone. 
B)  He shifts rapidly from one mood or emotion to another without any obvious reason. 
C)  He is consistently uncaring toward others. 
D)  He engages in self-mutilation and is very manipulative of others. 
A)  He has a weak sense of self and does not like to be alone. 
B)  He shifts rapidly from one mood or emotion to another without any obvious reason. 
C)  He is consistently uncaring toward others. 
D)  He engages in self-mutilation and is very manipulative of others.

Question 16

Women in developing countries (e.g., India) experience more ____________ than women in developed countries.

Accepted Answer

A)  mania 
B)  depression 
C)  obsessive-compulsive disorder 
D)  specific phobias 
A)  mania 
B)  depression 
C)  obsessive-compulsive disorder 
D)  specific phobias

Question 17

What is the difference between psychological testing and neuropsychological testing?

Accepted Answer

A)  Psychological testing involves answering questions about mental health functioning whereas neuropsychological testing involves answering questions about physical functioning. 
B)  Psychological testing involves answering interview questions about mental health functioning whereas neuropsychological testing involves getting a medical exam. 
C)  Psychological testing involves performing behaviours whereas neuropsychological testing involves getting a medical exam. 
D)  Psychological testing involves answering questions about mental health functioning whereas neuropsychological testing involves performing certain behaviours. 
A)  Psychological testing involves answering questions about mental health functioning whereas neuropsychological testing involves answering questions about physical functioning. 
B)  Psychological testing involves answering interview questions about mental health functioning whereas neuropsychological testing involves getting a medical exam. 
C)  Psychological testing involves performing behaviours whereas neuropsychological testing involves getting a medical exam. 
D)  Psychological testing involves answering questions about mental health functioning whereas neuropsychological testing involves performing certain behaviours.

Question 18

Gloria's 3-year-old nephew was recently diagnosed with autism. She claims that she "knew all along" that something was wrong with his behaviour. She selectively remembered instances of behaviour that matched the current autism diagnosis. Gloria's insistence on knowing about her nephew's condition "all along" is an example of:

Accepted Answer

A)  hindsight bias 
B)  stereotyping 
C)  a self-serving bias 
D)  social confirmation bias 
A)  hindsight bias 
B)  stereotyping 
C)  a self-serving bias 
D)  social confirmation bias

Question 19

Rates of autism in the 1990s:

Accepted Answer

A)  decreased in number, which means there are many children with autism who are undiagnosed 
B)  decreased in number, due to the fact that physicians are reluctant to negatively label a child 
C)  increased in number, which corresponds to an actual increase in cases 
D)  increased in number, which is probably due to the recent recognition and diagnosis of more mild cases of autism 
A)  decreased in number, which means there are many children with autism who are undiagnosed 
B)  decreased in number, due to the fact that physicians are reluctant to negatively label a child 
C)  increased in number, which corresponds to an actual increase in cases 
D)  increased in number, which is probably due to the recent recognition and diagnosis of more mild cases of autism

Question 20

Which of the following is NOT included in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual Axis I diagnosis, used for clinical disorders?

Accepted Answer

A)  personality disorders 
B)  dissociative disorders 
C)  schizophrenia 
D)  mood disorders 
A)  personality disorders 
B)  dissociative disorders 
C)  schizophrenia 
D)  mood disorders

The first categorization of psychological disorders developed out of:

Good clinical interviewers tend to:

Depressed individuals tend to attribute negative outcomes to and attribute positive outcomes to .

One explanation offered in the textbook for the rapid recent increase in the diagnosis of dissociative disorders is that:

Chris has been diagnosed with anti-social personality disorder. The prognosis for successful treatment of the disorder is:

People who cannot tolerate the idea of being abandoned, who have highly negative emotional reactions to relationship disruption, and who often act impulsively fit the description of someone with:

Dissociative identity disorder is an example of:

Which of the following children would have the most difficult time making social-emotional connections with other children?

The role of hereditary factors in autism:

Which of the following is the best example of an anxiety response rather than a fear response, as defined in the textbook?

Dysthymia is to depression as hypomania is to:

A central criticism of the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI) as a psychological assessment tool is that it:

Which of the following behavioural characteristics would tell you that a man you know is suffering from anti-social personality disorder rather than some other personality disorder?

Women in developing countries (e.g., India) experience more ____________ than women in developed countries.

What is the difference between psychological testing and neuropsychological testing?

Rates of autism in the 1990s:

Which of the following is NOT included in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual Axis I diagnosis, used for clinical disorders?

Introduction

Research Methodology

Biological Foundations

The Mind and Consciousness

Sensation and Perception

Learning

Attention and Memory

Thinking and Intelligence

Motivation and Emotion

Health and Well-Being

Human Development

Social Psychology

Personality

Treatment of Psychological Disorders

Cultural Psychology

Filters

Exam 14: Psychological Disorders

The first categorization of psychological disorders developed out of:

Good clinical interviewers tend to:

Depressed individuals tend to attribute negative outcomes to ____________ and attribute positive outcomes to ____________.

One explanation offered in the textbook for the rapid recent increase in the diagnosis of dissociative disorders is that:

Chris has been diagnosed with anti-social personality disorder. The prognosis for successful treatment of the disorder is:

People who cannot tolerate the idea of being abandoned, who have highly negative emotional reactions to relationship disruption, and who often act impulsively fit the description of someone with:

Dissociative identity disorder is an example of:

Which of the following children would have the most difficult time making social-emotional connections with other children?

The role of hereditary factors in autism:

Which of the following is the best example of an anxiety response rather than a fear response, as defined in the textbook?

Dysthymia is to depression as hypomania is to:

A central criticism of the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI) as a psychological assessment tool is that it:

Which of the following behavioural characteristics would tell you that a man you know is suffering from anti-social personality disorder rather than some other personality disorder?

Women in developing countries (e.g., India) experience more ____________ than women in developed countries.

What is the difference between psychological testing and neuropsychological testing?

Rates of autism in the 1990s:

Which of the following is NOT included in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual Axis I diagnosis, used for clinical disorders?

Introduction

Research Methodology

Biological Foundations

The Mind and Consciousness

Sensation and Perception

Learning

Attention and Memory

Thinking and Intelligence

Motivation and Emotion

Health and Well-Being

Human Development

Social Psychology

Personality

Treatment of Psychological Disorders

Cultural Psychology

Filters

Depressed individuals tend to attribute negative outcomes to and attribute positive outcomes to .