Question 1

According to the diathesis-stress model, which of the following people is most likely to become depressed?

Accepted Answer

A)  Jane, who experienced both abuse and neglect as a child 
B)  Jaleesa, who had a pleasant childhood but who currently experiences high amounts of stress at home and at work 
C)  Janice, who experienced abuse as a child and recently was laid off from her job 
D)  Jennifer, who has a stable personality but who was recently laid off from her job 
A)  Jane, who experienced both abuse and neglect as a child 
B)  Jaleesa, who had a pleasant childhood but who currently experiences high amounts of stress at home and at work 
C)  Janice, who experienced abuse as a child and recently was laid off from her job 
D)  Jennifer, who has a stable personality but who was recently laid off from her job

Question 2

A famous comedian refuses to shake hands with talk show hosts (or anyone else for that matter) because he fears getting a disease from them. He is displaying an obvious symptom of:

Accepted Answer

A)  panic disorder 
B)  agoraphobia 
C)  social phobia 
D)  obsessive-compulsive disorder 
A)  panic disorder 
B)  agoraphobia 
C)  social phobia 
D)  obsessive-compulsive disorder

Question 3

Personality disorders are:

Accepted Answer

A)  easy to treat with the right drug interventions 
B)  more responsive to treatment than other clinical disorders 
C)  more responsive to cognitive-behavioural treatment than some disorders 
D)  very difficult disorders to treat 
A)  easy to treat with the right drug interventions 
B)  more responsive to treatment than other clinical disorders 
C)  more responsive to cognitive-behavioural treatment than some disorders 
D)  very difficult disorders to treat

Question 4

Persons with obsessive-compulsive disorder are:

Accepted Answer

A)  unaware of the irrationality of their behaviour 
B)  more likely to be male than female 
C)  highly focused on reducing their own anxiety 
D)  typically diagnosed with the disorder in early childhood 
A)  unaware of the irrationality of their behaviour 
B)  more likely to be male than female 
C)  highly focused on reducing their own anxiety 
D)  typically diagnosed with the disorder in early childhood

Question 5

Joey has had problems with alcohol throughout his life. He has a hard time saying "no" to risky situations and likes doing things that other people think are dangerous. He is easily bored and has been known to get into fights with other people just for fun. It is likely that Joey has:

Accepted Answer

A)  an Axis III syndrome 
B)  externalizing tendencies 
C)  attention deficit disorder 
D)  an Axis V syndrome 
A)  an Axis III syndrome 
B)  externalizing tendencies 
C)  attention deficit disorder 
D)  an Axis V syndrome

Question 6

In which of the following scenarios would a person diagnosed with dissociative identity disorder be most likely to report having hundreds of different personalities?

Accepted Answer

A)  the person was diagnosed by a therapist who suggested dissociative identity disorder symptoms to the patient 
B)  the person was diagnosed before the 1980s 
C)  the person has never seen a psychotherapist 
D)  the person has had a pleasant and unproblematic childhood 
A)  the person was diagnosed by a therapist who suggested dissociative identity disorder symptoms to the patient 
B)  the person was diagnosed before the 1980s 
C)  the person has never seen a psychotherapist 
D)  the person has had a pleasant and unproblematic childhood

Question 7

Though you often ask your friend Lara to go out shopping and to the movies, she always says no. You can only see her in her home because she is afraid of having panic attacks in public and avoids crowds. Lara's social life is most likely restricted because of:

Accepted Answer

A)  obsessive-compulsive disorder 
B)  dysthymia 
C)  major depression 
D)  agoraphobia 
A)  obsessive-compulsive disorder 
B)  dysthymia 
C)  major depression 
D)  agoraphobia

Question 8

Which of the following two anxiety disorders are most similar?

Accepted Answer

A)  phobias and generalized anxiety disorder 
B)  generalized anxiety disorder and post-traumatic stress disorder 
C)  post-traumatic stress disorder and social anxiety disorder 
D)  phobias and social anxiety disorder 
A)  phobias and generalized anxiety disorder 
B)  generalized anxiety disorder and post-traumatic stress disorder 
C)  post-traumatic stress disorder and social anxiety disorder 
D)  phobias and social anxiety disorder

Question 9

The Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI):

Accepted Answer

A)  has been discredited as a psychological assessment device 
B)  is the most widely used questionnaire for psychological assessment 
C)  can be faked so someone can present himself as mentally adjusted when he is not 
D)  works equally well with people from different ethnic backgrounds 
A)  has been discredited as a psychological assessment device 
B)  is the most widely used questionnaire for psychological assessment 
C)  can be faked so someone can present himself as mentally adjusted when he is not 
D)  works equally well with people from different ethnic backgrounds

Question 10

Amelie has not been out of the house in about 2 weeks. She has been hallucinating about people who have passed away and finds this very frightening. She is afraid that if she goes outside, people might be following her. She thinks that there are people watching her from her television set. Her neighbours are very worried about her. Which of the following does NOT characterize Amelie's experience?

Accepted Answer

A)  Her behaviour may be appropriate depending on her culture. 
B)  Her behaviour is maladaptive. 
C)  Her behaviour deviates from social norms. 
D)  Her behaviour is personally distressing. 
A)  Her behaviour may be appropriate depending on her culture. 
B)  Her behaviour is maladaptive. 
C)  Her behaviour deviates from social norms. 
D)  Her behaviour is personally distressing.

Question 11

Obsessive-compulsive disorder and generalized anxiety disorder are both characterized by:

Accepted Answer

A)  compulsive behaviours 
B)  chronic arousal of the parasympathetic nervous system 
C)  damage to the prefrontal cortex 
D)  fear in the absence of real danger 
A)  compulsive behaviours 
B)  chronic arousal of the parasympathetic nervous system 
C)  damage to the prefrontal cortex 
D)  fear in the absence of real danger

Question 12

In determining whether a behaviour indicates psychopathology, which of the following is NOT an important criterion?

Accepted Answer

A)  Does the person recognize that he/she has a disorder? 
B)  Does the behaviour deviate from cultural norms? 
C)  Does the behaviour cause the person distress? 
D)  Is the behaviour maladaptive? 
A)  Does the person recognize that he/she has a disorder? 
B)  Does the behaviour deviate from cultural norms? 
C)  Does the behaviour cause the person distress? 
D)  Is the behaviour maladaptive?

Question 13

In the current understanding of psychological disorders, ____________ is thought to be a normal response to stress, but is problematic when it is ____________.

Accepted Answer

A)  a depressed mood; severe 
B)  a social phobia; experienced outside of North American culture 
C)  anxiety; experienced without a clear cause 
D)  depression; experienced at least once a week 
A)  a depressed mood; severe 
B)  a social phobia; experienced outside of North American culture 
C)  anxiety; experienced without a clear cause 
D)  depression; experienced at least once a week

Question 14

If every country in the world suddenly developed into a highly industrialized society, global rates of ____________ in the female population would show a decrease.

Accepted Answer

A)  depression 
B)  schizophrenia 
C)  bipolar disorder 
D)  hypomania 
A)  depression 
B)  schizophrenia 
C)  bipolar disorder 
D)  hypomania

Question 15

One of the reasons personality disorders remain controversial in clinical practice is that:

Accepted Answer

A)  they appear to be relatively temporary conditions that come and go unpredictably, so they should not be classified as real "disorders" 
B)  many of the characteristics of each personality disorder are similar, so people can easily be diagnosed with more than one personality disorder at the same time 
C)  personality disorders appear to have very little in common with normal personality, so calling them "personality" disorders doesn't make sense 
D)  more than 75 percent of the population could be diagnosed with a personality disorder, which makes the diagnosis meaningless 
A)  they appear to be relatively temporary conditions that come and go unpredictably, so they should not be classified as real "disorders" 
B)  many of the characteristics of each personality disorder are similar, so people can easily be diagnosed with more than one personality disorder at the same time 
C)  personality disorders appear to have very little in common with normal personality, so calling them "personality" disorders doesn't make sense 
D)  more than 75 percent of the population could be diagnosed with a personality disorder, which makes the diagnosis meaningless

Question 16

Which of the following is NOT an accurate statement regarding the biological correlates of obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD)?

Accepted Answer

A)  People with a disease affecting the caudate nucleus sometimes have symptoms of OCD. 
B)  Electrical stimulation of brain areas involved in OCD can relieve OCD symptoms. 
C)  Infections affecting the cerebellum are widespread in people who have OCD. 
D)  A severe streptococcal infection can cause symptoms of OCD. 
A)  People with a disease affecting the caudate nucleus sometimes have symptoms of OCD. 
B)  Electrical stimulation of brain areas involved in OCD can relieve OCD symptoms. 
C)  Infections affecting the cerebellum are widespread in people who have OCD. 
D)  A severe streptococcal infection can cause symptoms of OCD.

Question 17

Zarina is talking to spirits which no one else can see. She sometimes "channels" the spirits so they can talk with living people. Zarina:

Accepted Answer

A)  is suffering from dissociative identity disorder 
B)  is most likely has paranoid schizophrenia 
C)  is showing behaviour which is both personally distressing and maladaptive 
D)  may be doing something normal, depending on her cultural background and beliefs 
A)  is suffering from dissociative identity disorder 
B)  is most likely has paranoid schizophrenia 
C)  is showing behaviour which is both personally distressing and maladaptive 
D)  may be doing something normal, depending on her cultural background and beliefs

Question 18

Arianna has stopped washing her hair, going to the grocery store, and talking to people. Some people think that she must be suffering from a mental disorder. Does her behaviour fit the criteria needed to be diagnosed with a disorder?

Accepted Answer

A)  No; her behaviour may be odd but it is adaptive for her. 
B)  No, although her behaviour does deviate from the norms of her culture. 
C)  Yes; her behaviour is clearly causing her personal distress. 
D)  Yes; her behaviour is maladaptive. 
A)  No; her behaviour may be odd but it is adaptive for her. 
B)  No, although her behaviour does deviate from the norms of her culture. 
C)  Yes; her behaviour is clearly causing her personal distress. 
D)  Yes; her behaviour is maladaptive.

Question 19

What brain region is damaged when a person is under chronic stress?

Accepted Answer

A)  the cerebellum 
B)  the hippocampus 
C)  the amygdala 
D)  the prefrontal cortex 
A)  the cerebellum 
B)  the hippocampus 
C)  the amygdala 
D)  the prefrontal cortex

Question 20

Dr. Jahangir is seeing a depressed patient who is currently undergoing a relationship breakup. Dr. Jahangir also knows that this patient suffered from both abuse and neglect as a child. Dr. Jahangir believes that the patient's difficult childhood has predisposed her to overreact to life circumstances, resulting in the patient's severely depressed state. Dr. Jahangir's perspective on the patient's problems is based on which of the following models?

Accepted Answer

A)  the Kraepelin model 
B)  the Axis Four model 
C)  the embedded trait model 
D)  the diathesis-stress model 
A)  the Kraepelin model 
B)  the Axis Four model 
C)  the embedded trait model 
D)  the diathesis-stress model

According to the diathesis-stress model, which of the following people is most likely to become depressed?

A famous comedian refuses to shake hands with talk show hosts (or anyone else for that matter) because he fears getting a disease from them. He is displaying an obvious symptom of:

Personality disorders are:

Persons with obsessive-compulsive disorder are:

Joey has had problems with alcohol throughout his life. He has a hard time saying "no" to risky situations and likes doing things that other people think are dangerous. He is easily bored and has been known to get into fights with other people just for fun. It is likely that Joey has:

In which of the following scenarios would a person diagnosed with dissociative identity disorder be most likely to report having hundreds of different personalities?

Though you often ask your friend Lara to go out shopping and to the movies, she always says no. You can only see her in her home because she is afraid of having panic attacks in public and avoids crowds. Lara's social life is most likely restricted because of:

Which of the following two anxiety disorders are most similar?

The Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI):

Obsessive-compulsive disorder and generalized anxiety disorder are both characterized by:

In determining whether a behaviour indicates psychopathology, which of the following is NOT an important criterion?

In the current understanding of psychological disorders, is thought to be a normal response to stress, but is problematic when it is .

If every country in the world suddenly developed into a highly industrialized society, global rates of ____________ in the female population would show a decrease.

One of the reasons personality disorders remain controversial in clinical practice is that:

Which of the following is NOT an accurate statement regarding the biological correlates of obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD)?

Zarina is talking to spirits which no one else can see. She sometimes "channels" the spirits so they can talk with living people. Zarina:

Arianna has stopped washing her hair, going to the grocery store, and talking to people. Some people think that she must be suffering from a mental disorder. Does her behaviour fit the criteria needed to be diagnosed with a disorder?

What brain region is damaged when a person is under chronic stress?

Introduction

Research Methodology

Biological Foundations

The Mind and Consciousness

Sensation and Perception

Learning

Attention and Memory

Thinking and Intelligence

Motivation and Emotion

Health and Well-Being

Human Development

Social Psychology

Personality

Treatment of Psychological Disorders

Cultural Psychology

Filters

Exam 14: Psychological Disorders

According to the diathesis-stress model, which of the following people is most likely to become depressed?

A famous comedian refuses to shake hands with talk show hosts (or anyone else for that matter) because he fears getting a disease from them. He is displaying an obvious symptom of:

Personality disorders are:

Persons with obsessive-compulsive disorder are:

Joey has had problems with alcohol throughout his life. He has a hard time saying "no" to risky situations and likes doing things that other people think are dangerous. He is easily bored and has been known to get into fights with other people just for fun. It is likely that Joey has:

In which of the following scenarios would a person diagnosed with dissociative identity disorder be most likely to report having hundreds of different personalities?

Though you often ask your friend Lara to go out shopping and to the movies, she always says no. You can only see her in her home because she is afraid of having panic attacks in public and avoids crowds. Lara's social life is most likely restricted because of:

Which of the following two anxiety disorders are most similar?

The Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI):

Obsessive-compulsive disorder and generalized anxiety disorder are both characterized by:

In determining whether a behaviour indicates psychopathology, which of the following is NOT an important criterion?

In the current understanding of psychological disorders, ____________ is thought to be a normal response to stress, but is problematic when it is ____________.

If every country in the world suddenly developed into a highly industrialized society, global rates of ____________ in the female population would show a decrease.

One of the reasons personality disorders remain controversial in clinical practice is that:

Which of the following is NOT an accurate statement regarding the biological correlates of obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD)?

Zarina is talking to spirits which no one else can see. She sometimes "channels" the spirits so they can talk with living people. Zarina:

Arianna has stopped washing her hair, going to the grocery store, and talking to people. Some people think that she must be suffering from a mental disorder. Does her behaviour fit the criteria needed to be diagnosed with a disorder?

What brain region is damaged when a person is under chronic stress?

Introduction

Research Methodology

Biological Foundations

The Mind and Consciousness

Sensation and Perception

Learning

Attention and Memory

Thinking and Intelligence

Motivation and Emotion

Health and Well-Being

Human Development

Social Psychology

Personality

Treatment of Psychological Disorders

Cultural Psychology

Filters

In the current understanding of psychological disorders, is thought to be a normal response to stress, but is problematic when it is .