Question 1

Which of the following was used as evidence that infants understood the laws of the physical world?

Accepted Answer

A)  Infants would cry when a heavy object, but not a light object, was held above their heads. 
B)  Infants would look down as if a box would fall when shown a person releasing a box. 
C)  Infants expect heavier objects to fall faster than light objects. 
D)  Infants can accurately anticipate the projected movement when a ball is thrown toward a target. 
A)  Infants would cry when a heavy object, but not a light object, was held above their heads. 
B)  Infants would look down as if a box would fall when shown a person releasing a box. 
C)  Infants expect heavier objects to fall faster than light objects. 
D)  Infants can accurately anticipate the projected movement when a ball is thrown toward a target.

Question 2

The fetus has a working nervous system by:

Accepted Answer

A)  the second month 
B)  the fifth month 
C)  the seventh month 
D)  birth 
A)  the second month 
B)  the fifth month 
C)  the seventh month 
D)  birth

Question 3

Erikson's final stage of adult development is focused on the issues of:

Accepted Answer

A)  stagnation versus productivity 
B)  isolation versus intimacy 
C)  competence versus incompetence 
D)  integrity versus despair 
A)  stagnation versus productivity 
B)  isolation versus intimacy 
C)  competence versus incompetence 
D)  integrity versus despair

Question 4

One of the important changes in how psychologists approach the analysis of development is that in the last several decades:

Accepted Answer

A)  much more emphasis has been placed on learning 
B)  important developmental changes have been presumed to occur across the entire lifespan 
C)  the role of culture has been de-emphasized 
D)  much less emphasis has been placed on biological factors 
A)  much more emphasis has been placed on learning 
B)  important developmental changes have been presumed to occur across the entire lifespan 
C)  the role of culture has been de-emphasized 
D)  much less emphasis has been placed on biological factors

Question 5

Piaget used the concept of accommodation to describe what happens when:

Accepted Answer

A)  the development of new cognitive schemas occurs 
B)  current schemas are changed to deal with new events or objects 
C)  a child modifies a new object so it fits an already existing schema 
D)  a child uses the same behaviour to deal with new objects 
A)  the development of new cognitive schemas occurs 
B)  current schemas are changed to deal with new events or objects 
C)  a child modifies a new object so it fits an already existing schema 
D)  a child uses the same behaviour to deal with new objects

Question 6

Approximately what percentage of children develop what Ainsworth called a secure attachment style?

Accepted Answer

A)  15 percent 
B)  25 percent 
C)  45 percent 
D)  65 percent 
A)  15 percent 
B)  25 percent 
C)  45 percent 
D)  65 percent

Question 7

Which of the following is NOT true of imprinting?

Accepted Answer

A)  There is a critical period in which imprinting must occur. 
B)  Imprinting occurs most commonly in humans. 
C)  Imprinting is a biological behaviour. 
D)  If the mother bird is not available, the baby bird can imprint on any available female of that species. 
A)  There is a critical period in which imprinting must occur. 
B)  Imprinting occurs most commonly in humans. 
C)  Imprinting is a biological behaviour. 
D)  If the mother bird is not available, the baby bird can imprint on any available female of that species.

Question 8

Chomsky has argued that children:

Accepted Answer

A)  must learn the grammatical rules of any language through a trial-and-error process 
B)  quickly grasp the surface structure of a language but have great difficulty with what he termed the deep structure of language 
C)  have a built-in preparedness to acquire grammar 
D)  have an innate tendency to name objects 
A)  must learn the grammatical rules of any language through a trial-and-error process 
B)  quickly grasp the surface structure of a language but have great difficulty with what he termed the deep structure of language 
C)  have a built-in preparedness to acquire grammar 
D)  have an innate tendency to name objects

Question 9

Demographic statistics for Western societies over the last several decades reveal that:

Accepted Answer

A)  people are living longer but also are healthier 
B)  the number of people in North America over 65 has risen to 30 percent 
C)  since people are retiring younger the relative contribution of older people to society is decreasing 
D)  all of the above 
A)  people are living longer but also are healthier 
B)  the number of people in North America over 65 has risen to 30 percent 
C)  since people are retiring younger the relative contribution of older people to society is decreasing 
D)  all of the above

Question 10

In comparing memory processes in young adults versus the elderly we find that:

Accepted Answer

A)  the elderly are better able to remember things that happened to them yesterday but have a more difficult time recalling things from childhood than do young adults 
B)  the elderly are better at keeping multiple things in mind simultaneously 
C)  whether the information is positive or negative has a greater impact on recall in the elderly 
D)  memory is equal in both groups but the elderly require more time to recall information 
A)  the elderly are better able to remember things that happened to them yesterday but have a more difficult time recalling things from childhood than do young adults 
B)  the elderly are better at keeping multiple things in mind simultaneously 
C)  whether the information is positive or negative has a greater impact on recall in the elderly 
D)  memory is equal in both groups but the elderly require more time to recall information

Question 11

Girls raised without their biological fathers:

Accepted Answer

A)  suffer no psychological consequences that have been identified 
B)  initiate sexual activity earlier 
C)  suffer no negative consequences if they have a stepfather within 3 years of the divorce 
D)  have severe sex identity problems 
A)  suffer no psychological consequences that have been identified 
B)  initiate sexual activity earlier 
C)  suffer no negative consequences if they have a stepfather within 3 years of the divorce 
D)  have severe sex identity problems

Question 12

An important consequence of having a theory of mind is that:

Accepted Answer

A)  we think of ourselves as having mental as well as physical capacities 
B)  it allows us to predict how we might behave in various situations 
C)  it makes us more egocentric in our actions 
D)  it allows us to understand that others have intentions 
A)  we think of ourselves as having mental as well as physical capacities 
B)  it allows us to predict how we might behave in various situations 
C)  it makes us more egocentric in our actions 
D)  it allows us to understand that others have intentions

Question 13

Separation anxiety appears in infants:

Accepted Answer

A)  at various times depending upon the culture they are in 
B)  at 6 to 8 months of age 
C)  primarily if they have been deprived of caretaker comfort 
D)  at about the same time they reach the formal operational stage of development 
A)  at various times depending upon the culture they are in 
B)  at 6 to 8 months of age 
C)  primarily if they have been deprived of caretaker comfort 
D)  at about the same time they reach the formal operational stage of development

Question 14

The New York Longitudinal Study of social development showed that the most important variable affecting a child's development was:

Accepted Answer

A)  whether the parents had been divorced 
B)  the extent to which parental behaviour appropriately takes the child's temperament into account 
C)  whether parents of multiple offspring treated them equitably 
D)  the environment rather than anything the parents did 
A)  whether the parents had been divorced 
B)  the extent to which parental behaviour appropriately takes the child's temperament into account 
C)  whether parents of multiple offspring treated them equitably 
D)  the environment rather than anything the parents did

Question 15

What is the name of the stage of development which occurs from conception to approximately 2 weeks postconception?

Accepted Answer

A)  zygote 
B)  embryo 
C)  fetus 
D)  infant 
A)  zygote 
B)  embryo 
C)  fetus 
D)  infant

Question 16

The basic idea behind the whole-language approach to reading instruction is that:

Accepted Answer

A)  phonics, the alternative method, places too much emphasis on the enjoyment of reading rather than its mastery 
B)  children should learn to read in a way that parallels how they learned to talk 
C)  grammar and vocabulary should be learned simultaneously 
D)  it is not important to focus on meaning when teaching reading 
A)  phonics, the alternative method, places too much emphasis on the enjoyment of reading rather than its mastery 
B)  children should learn to read in a way that parallels how they learned to talk 
C)  grammar and vocabulary should be learned simultaneously 
D)  it is not important to focus on meaning when teaching reading

Question 17

Imagine that a psychologist tests you every year in regard to your mental processing speed. For example, how long it takes you to push a lever when a light comes on is measured. If you age normally you should show:

Accepted Answer

A)  no reduction in speed of response until after the age of about 60 
B)  an increase in speed until about the age of 35 and then a slow decline 
C)  a slight decrease by age 25 that accelerates as you age further 
D)  an ability to perform this task throughout your life at roughly the same speed as long as your visual acuity is high 
A)  no reduction in speed of response until after the age of about 60 
B)  an increase in speed until about the age of 35 and then a slow decline 
C)  a slight decrease by age 25 that accelerates as you age further 
D)  an ability to perform this task throughout your life at roughly the same speed as long as your visual acuity is high

Question 18

Studies of brain development:

Accepted Answer

A)  confirm that the brain you have at birth is fully developed 
B)  show that unless you are born prematurely, your brain is mature at the end of the second trimester 
C)  indicate that brain development continues into adulthood 
D)  demonstrate that the major influences on brain development occur after birth 
A)  confirm that the brain you have at birth is fully developed 
B)  show that unless you are born prematurely, your brain is mature at the end of the second trimester 
C)  indicate that brain development continues into adulthood 
D)  demonstrate that the major influences on brain development occur after birth

Question 19

Which of the following has the greatest impact on parent-child interactions?

Accepted Answer

A)  family norms and values 
B)  the biologically based temperament of the child 
C)  the temperament the child learns from his or her parents 
D)  parental frustration with the child's temperament 
A)  family norms and values 
B)  the biologically based temperament of the child 
C)  the temperament the child learns from his or her parents 
D)  parental frustration with the child's temperament

Question 20

In 2005, a young 7-year-old girl was identified in Florida who had much of the same type of neglect and early upbringing as the famous girl "Genie." Given the Florida girl's age, you would expect that she:

Accepted Answer

A)  will also not recover, as the brain is set in infancy and cannot be changed 
B)  might have some recovery, as the Florida girl is quite a bit younger than Genie was when she was found 
C)  is likely to completely recover because the brain is not set until the teen years 
D)  unlike Genie, will definitely recover because we are much better at repairing the brain today 
A)  will also not recover, as the brain is set in infancy and cannot be changed 
B)  might have some recovery, as the Florida girl is quite a bit younger than Genie was when she was found 
C)  is likely to completely recover because the brain is not set until the teen years 
D)  unlike Genie, will definitely recover because we are much better at repairing the brain today

Which of the following was used as evidence that infants understood the laws of the physical world?

The fetus has a working nervous system by:

Erikson's final stage of adult development is focused on the issues of:

One of the important changes in how psychologists approach the analysis of development is that in the last several decades:

Piaget used the concept of accommodation to describe what happens when:

Approximately what percentage of children develop what Ainsworth called a secure attachment style?

Which of the following is NOT true of imprinting?

Chomsky has argued that children:

Demographic statistics for Western societies over the last several decades reveal that:

In comparing memory processes in young adults versus the elderly we find that:

Girls raised without their biological fathers:

An important consequence of having a theory of mind is that:

Separation anxiety appears in infants:

The New York Longitudinal Study of social development showed that the most important variable affecting a child's development was:

What is the name of the stage of development which occurs from conception to approximately 2 weeks postconception?

The basic idea behind the whole-language approach to reading instruction is that:

Imagine that a psychologist tests you every year in regard to your mental processing speed. For example, how long it takes you to push a lever when a light comes on is measured. If you age normally you should show:

Studies of brain development:

Which of the following has the greatest impact on parent-child interactions?

In 2005, a young 7-year-old girl was identified in Florida who had much of the same type of neglect and early upbringing as the famous girl "Genie." Given the Florida girl's age, you would expect that she:

Introduction

Research Methodology

Biological Foundations

The Mind and Consciousness

Sensation and Perception

Learning

Attention and Memory

Thinking and Intelligence

Motivation and Emotion

Health and Well-Being

Social Psychology

Personality

Psychological Disorders

Treatment of Psychological Disorders

Cultural Psychology

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Exam 11: Human Development

Which of the following was used as evidence that infants understood the laws of the physical world?

The fetus has a working nervous system by:

Erikson's final stage of adult development is focused on the issues of:

One of the important changes in how psychologists approach the analysis of development is that in the last several decades:

Piaget used the concept of accommodation to describe what happens when:

Approximately what percentage of children develop what Ainsworth called a secure attachment style?

Which of the following is NOT true of imprinting?

Chomsky has argued that children:

Demographic statistics for Western societies over the last several decades reveal that:

In comparing memory processes in young adults versus the elderly we find that:

Girls raised without their biological fathers:

An important consequence of having a theory of mind is that:

Separation anxiety appears in infants:

The New York Longitudinal Study of social development showed that the most important variable affecting a child's development was:

What is the name of the stage of development which occurs from conception to approximately 2 weeks postconception?

The basic idea behind the whole-language approach to reading instruction is that:

Imagine that a psychologist tests you every year in regard to your mental processing speed. For example, how long it takes you to push a lever when a light comes on is measured. If you age normally you should show:

Studies of brain development:

Which of the following has the greatest impact on parent-child interactions?

In 2005, a young 7-year-old girl was identified in Florida who had much of the same type of neglect and early upbringing as the famous girl "Genie." Given the Florida girl's age, you would expect that she:

Introduction

Research Methodology

Biological Foundations

The Mind and Consciousness

Sensation and Perception

Learning

Attention and Memory

Thinking and Intelligence

Motivation and Emotion

Health and Well-Being

Social Psychology

Personality

Psychological Disorders

Treatment of Psychological Disorders

Cultural Psychology

Filters