Exam 9: Motivation and Emotion

Nitya has been eating a large tuna fish sandwich. After eating the first half she is no longer hungry and wraps the other half for later. When she is putting the wrapped sandwich in the fridge she notices a piece of apple pie, and takes a crumb to taste. Eating the crumb of pie makes her hungry again and she has the whole piece. The change from tuna fish to pie has made Nitya hungry again because ____________ have been ____________.

In a song from the musical The King and I, the lead character sings about whistling when she feels afraid to hide her fear, and finally losing her fear. The notion that acting as though you are not afraid keeps you from feeling afraid is compatible with which theory of emotion?

Luiz is walking home late at night when he hears footsteps behind him. He is instantly frightened and gets ready to run. He glances over his shoulder and sees that it is the neighbourhood police officer on patrol. Realizing there is nothing to fear, he calms down. Luiz's first fear response was processed by the path from the ____________ and his second calming response was processed by the path from the ____________.

An evolutionary explanation of mate preferences might suggest that men seek physically attractive women because:

Who is likely to pay the most attention to social information?

Massoud is an international student studying in Canada. In his culture women are expected to be very modest. He really likes Hillary, a Canadian girl whom he has gotten to know in his art history class. However, Massoud is distressed and is re-evaluating his opinion of Hillary because she spontaneously kissed him on their second date. Though she probably did not realize it, Hillary has:

Paloma's parents spent a great deal of time with her when she was growing up; they always made her feel loved and valued. Erhard's parents loved him, but they were always busy and distant. As an adult, who is likely to experience more guilt, and why?

Anthony loves to cook and has recently won a competition that has given him his own show on the Food Network. He continually develops marvelous and complicated recipes that he demonstrates on his show. In his free time, he explores other restaurants, new cookbooks, or innovative places to get ingredients. His friends find it odd, however, that he never really wants to eat the things he cooks, and eats other people's cooking very moderately. Anthony most probably has damage to his:

Miryam has been playing the violin since she was a child. She loves violin and practices frequently. When she is 15, her teacher tells her that she is quite talented and he wants her to enter a major competition for which she must practice three hours a day. Though Miryam usually practices more than three hours, she suddenly finds that she enjoys playing less and has to force herself to practice. One theory of motivation would suggest that Miryam's sudden loss of interest could be due to reduced feelings of competence because:

Students have been asked to leave the library and wait several blocks away. In which of the following situations would the students be most likely to want to wait together?

Alexithymia occurs because damage to the ____________ causes the physiological messages associated with emotions to ____________ the brain centres that interpret emotions.

Emotions tend to ____________ thought and behaviour; moods tend to ____________ thought and behaviour.

Many university students spend a year studying in another country. The country where they are studying will often have different attitudes and practices concerning sex. A female student's sexuality is likely to be ____________. A male student's sexuality is likely to be ____________.

Japanese students were shown film clips designed to provoke strong emotions. When a student watched the clip with other people, she showed little outward emotion. When the student watched the clips alone, she showed the same emotions as are seen in Canadian university students. The difference in emotional expression in the two situations shows the influence of:

Remy the rat has lost his appetite and is losing so much weight that he is in danger of dying. Remy most probably has damage to the ____________ region of the hypothalamus.

Research on possible factors in the development of male homosexuality has found a causal role:

Which of the following is NOT one of the essential qualities of motivational states?

Jolene's mother does not like her boyfriend. The more that her mother tells her that she is making a mistake, the more determined Jolene is to stay with her boyfriend. Jolene's behaviour can be most clearly explained by:

There is an area of the hypothalamus that typically differs in size between men and women. Research has found that the size of this area in gay men is comparable to that of heterosexual women and the size of this area for lesbians is comparable to heterosexual men. What is the most reasonable interpretation of this finding?

Twin studies have shown that anger is primarily influenced by ____________ and guilt is primarily influenced by ____________.