Question 1

Chemical messengers that often travel in the blood supply in order to affect target neurons that are quite distant are known as

Accepted Answer

A)  neurotransmitters. 
B)  neuromodulators. 
C)  neurohormones. 
D)  neuroenzymes. 
A)  neurotransmitters. 
B)  neuromodulators. 
C)  neurohormones. 
D)  neuroenzymes.

Question 2

Casey was bitten by a cobra he accidentally disturbed while on a trip to India.He immediately required treatment for difficulty breathing because cobra venom

Accepted Answer

A)  stimulates nicotinic receptors,interfering with the ability of acetylcholine (ACh)to activate muscles required for breathing. 
B)  magnifies the activity of acetylcholinesterase (ACh
E) ,reducing the amount of acetylcholine (ACh)available to activate the muscles required for breathing. 
C)  blocks the release of acetylcholine (ACh),interfering with its ability to activate muscles required for breathing. 
D)  blocks nicotinic receptors,interfering with the ability of acetylcholine (ACh)to activate muscles required for breathing. 
A)  stimulates nicotinic receptors,interfering with the ability of acetylcholine (ACh)to activate muscles required for breathing. 
B)  magnifies the activity of acetylcholinesterase (ACh
E) ,reducing the amount of acetylcholine (ACh)available to activate the muscles required for breathing. 
C)  blocks the release of acetylcholine (ACh),interfering with its ability to activate muscles required for breathing. 
D)  blocks nicotinic receptors,interfering with the ability of acetylcholine (ACh)to activate muscles required for breathing.

Question 3

Parkinson's disease typically results from degeneration of brain systems using the neurotransmitter

Accepted Answer

A)  dopamine. 
B)  norepinephrine. 
C)  epinephrine. 
D)  serotonin. 
A)  dopamine. 
B)  norepinephrine. 
C)  epinephrine. 
D)  serotonin.

Question 4

Botulin,and its deactivated version Botox,causes muscle paralysis by

Accepted Answer

A)  interfering with the synthesis of ACh. 
B)  preventing the release of ACh. 
C)  blocking ACh receptors. 
D)  blocking the action of acetylcholinesterase. 
A)  interfering with the synthesis of ACh. 
B)  preventing the release of ACh. 
C)  blocking ACh receptors. 
D)  blocking the action of acetylcholinesterase.

Question 5

Organophosphates (used as pesticides and as biological weapons)are

Accepted Answer

A)  agonists that promote ACh production. 
B)  antagonists that block ACh release. 
C)  agonists that interfere with acetylcholinesterase. 
D)  antagonists that block ACh receptors. 
A)  agonists that promote ACh production. 
B)  antagonists that block ACh release. 
C)  agonists that interfere with acetylcholinesterase. 
D)  antagonists that block ACh receptors.

Question 6

Which of the following substances is found only in neurons that produce acetylcholine?

Accepted Answer

A)  choline 
B)  acetyl coenzyme A (acetyl Co
A)  
C)  tryptophan 
D)  choline acetyltransferase (ChAT) 
A)  choline 
B)  acetyl coenzyme A (acetyl Co
A)  
C)  tryptophan 
D)  choline acetyltransferase (ChAT)

Question 7

Adenosine often acts to _________ of other neurotransmitters.

Accepted Answer

A)  stimulate the release 
B)  inhibit the release 
C)  inhibit the reuptake 
D)  enhance the reuptake 
A)  stimulate the release 
B)  inhibit the release 
C)  inhibit the reuptake 
D)  enhance the reuptake

Question 8

Josh enjoys chewing tobacco,while his friend Amy smokes cigarettes.One half hour after each has used tobacco,

Accepted Answer

A)  all of the effects of the nicotine will have worn off. 
B)  they are likely to have very different levels of nicotine in their circulation,due to the different methods of administration. 
C)  their circulating levels of nicotine will be very similar. 
D)  Amy will need to smoke again,because cigarettes are addictive and chewing tobacco is not. 
A)  all of the effects of the nicotine will have worn off. 
B)  they are likely to have very different levels of nicotine in their circulation,due to the different methods of administration. 
C)  their circulating levels of nicotine will be very similar. 
D)  Amy will need to smoke again,because cigarettes are addictive and chewing tobacco is not.

Question 9

The NMDA receptor,kainate receptor,and AMPA receptor all respond to

Accepted Answer

A)  serotonin. 
B)  epinephrine. 
C)  glutamate. 
D)  GABA. 
A)  serotonin. 
B)  epinephrine. 
C)  glutamate. 
D)  GABA.

Question 10

The release of vesicles containing neuropeptides requires

Accepted Answer

A)  higher levels of calcium than the release of small-molecule neurotransmitters. 
B)  lower levels of calcium than the release of small-molecule neurotransmitters. 
C)  approximately equal levels of calcium as the release of small-molecule neurotransmitters. 
D)  no calcium at all. 
A)  higher levels of calcium than the release of small-molecule neurotransmitters. 
B)  lower levels of calcium than the release of small-molecule neurotransmitters. 
C)  approximately equal levels of calcium as the release of small-molecule neurotransmitters. 
D)  no calcium at all.

Question 11

The regulation of sleep,mood,and appetite involve brain systems using the neurotransmitter

Accepted Answer

A)  serotonin. 
B)  dopamine. 
C)  norepinephrine. 
D)  epinephrine. 
A)  serotonin. 
B)  dopamine. 
C)  norepinephrine. 
D)  epinephrine.

Question 12

Herbal alternative medicines:

Accepted Answer

A)  have no adverse effects,because they are derived from plants. 
B)  have weaker effects on the nervous system than prescription drugs,because they are derived from more natural sources. 
C)  have not been effective when used for psychological conditions. 
D)  do not undergo the same testing and evaluation as prescription medications. 
A)  have no adverse effects,because they are derived from plants. 
B)  have weaker effects on the nervous system than prescription drugs,because they are derived from more natural sources. 
C)  have not been effective when used for psychological conditions. 
D)  do not undergo the same testing and evaluation as prescription medications.

Question 13

Describe the action of phencyclidine (PCP)at the synapse,and relate this mode of action to the behavioral effects of the drug.

Accepted Answer

Phencyclidine (PCP) is a dissociative an

Question 14

Endorphins are a type of neuropeptide.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

Cocaine and amphetamine produce their stimulant actions by serving as _________ agonists.

Accepted Answer

A)  serotonin 
B)  norepinephrine 
C)  glutamate 
D)  dopamine 
A)  serotonin 
B)  norepinephrine 
C)  glutamate 
D)  dopamine

Question 16

AMPT serves as a dopamine and norepinephrine antagonist by

Accepted Answer

A)  preventing the storage of the neurotransmitters in vesicles. 
B)  blocking the release of the neurotransmitters. 
C)  interfering with the synthesis of the neurotransmitters. 
D)  blocking the receptors for the neurotransmitters. 
A)  preventing the storage of the neurotransmitters in vesicles. 
B)  blocking the release of the neurotransmitters. 
C)  interfering with the synthesis of the neurotransmitters. 
D)  blocking the receptors for the neurotransmitters.

Question 17

Describe the typical relationship between a drug's effects and the characteristics of its withdrawal syndrome,and provide one example of this.

Accepted Answer

Because withdrawal usually represents th

Question 18

Daily use of which of the following drugs might increase a young person's risk for developing schizophrenia?

Accepted Answer

A)  tobacco 
B)  alcohol 
C)  marijuana 
D)  heroin 
A)  tobacco 
B)  alcohol 
C)  marijuana 
D)  heroin

Question 19

Emily's physician prescribed a benzodiazepine (Valium)to treat an ongoing problem with anxiety.Before prescribing the new medication,the physician was concerned about possible drug interactions,and asked Emily to be very frank about her use of

Accepted Answer

A)  alcohol and barbiturates. 
B)  tobacco and St.John's wort. 
C)  methamphetamines. 
D)  marijuana and ecstasy (MDM
A) . 
A)  alcohol and barbiturates. 
B)  tobacco and St.John's wort. 
C)  methamphetamines. 
D)  marijuana and ecstasy (MDM
A) .

Question 20

Neurons in the brain that use nitric oxide (NO)are

Accepted Answer

A)  very common,but are found only in the brainstem. 
B)  very common,and are widely distributed throughout the brain. 
C)  relatively uncommon,and are scattered throughout the brain. 
D)  relatively uncommon,and are restricted to the prefrontal cortex. 
A)  very common,but are found only in the brainstem. 
B)  very common,and are widely distributed throughout the brain. 
C)  relatively uncommon,and are scattered throughout the brain. 
D)  relatively uncommon,and are restricted to the prefrontal cortex.

Chemical messengers that often travel in the blood supply in order to affect target neurons that are quite distant are known as

Casey was bitten by a cobra he accidentally disturbed while on a trip to India.He immediately required treatment for difficulty breathing because cobra venom

Parkinson's disease typically results from degeneration of brain systems using the neurotransmitter

Botulin,and its deactivated version Botox,causes muscle paralysis by

Organophosphates (used as pesticides and as biological weapons)are

Which of the following substances is found only in neurons that produce acetylcholine?

Adenosine often acts to _________ of other neurotransmitters.

Josh enjoys chewing tobacco,while his friend Amy smokes cigarettes.One half hour after each has used tobacco,

The NMDA receptor,kainate receptor,and AMPA receptor all respond to

The release of vesicles containing neuropeptides requires

The regulation of sleep,mood,and appetite involve brain systems using the neurotransmitter

Herbal alternative medicines:

Describe the action of phencyclidine (PCP)at the synapse,and relate this mode of action to the behavioral effects of the drug.

Endorphins are a type of neuropeptide.

Cocaine and amphetamine produce their stimulant actions by serving as _________ agonists.

AMPT serves as a dopamine and norepinephrine antagonist by

Describe the typical relationship between a drug's effects and the characteristics of its withdrawal syndrome,and provide one example of this.

Daily use of which of the following drugs might increase a young person's risk for developing schizophrenia?

Emily's physician prescribed a benzodiazepine (Valium)to treat an ongoing problem with anxiety.Before prescribing the new medication,the physician was concerned about possible drug interactions,and asked Emily to be very frank about her use of

Neurons in the brain that use nitric oxide (NO)are

Introducing Biological Psychology

The Anatomy and Evolution of the Nervous System

Cells of the Nervous System

Genetics and the Development of the Human Brain

Vision

Nonvisual Sensation and Perception

Movement

Temperature Regulation,thirst,and Hunger

Sexual Behavior

Sleep and Waking

Learning and Memory

Lateralization, language, and Intelligence

Emotion, reward, aggression, and Stress

Neurological Disorders

Psychological Disorders

Filters

Exam 4: Psychopharmacology

Chemical messengers that often travel in the blood supply in order to affect target neurons that are quite distant are known as

Casey was bitten by a cobra he accidentally disturbed while on a trip to India.He immediately required treatment for difficulty breathing because cobra venom

Parkinson's disease typically results from degeneration of brain systems using the neurotransmitter

Botulin,and its deactivated version Botox,causes muscle paralysis by

Organophosphates (used as pesticides and as biological weapons)are

Which of the following substances is found only in neurons that produce acetylcholine?

Adenosine often acts to _________ of other neurotransmitters.

Josh enjoys chewing tobacco,while his friend Amy smokes cigarettes.One half hour after each has used tobacco,

The NMDA receptor,kainate receptor,and AMPA receptor all respond to

The release of vesicles containing neuropeptides requires

The regulation of sleep,mood,and appetite involve brain systems using the neurotransmitter

Herbal alternative medicines:

Describe the action of phencyclidine (PCP)at the synapse,and relate this mode of action to the behavioral effects of the drug.

Endorphins are a type of neuropeptide.

Cocaine and amphetamine produce their stimulant actions by serving as _________ agonists.

AMPT serves as a dopamine and norepinephrine antagonist by

Describe the typical relationship between a drug's effects and the characteristics of its withdrawal syndrome,and provide one example of this.

Daily use of which of the following drugs might increase a young person's risk for developing schizophrenia?

Emily's physician prescribed a benzodiazepine (Valium)to treat an ongoing problem with anxiety.Before prescribing the new medication,the physician was concerned about possible drug interactions,and asked Emily to be very frank about her use of

Neurons in the brain that use nitric oxide (NO)are

Introducing Biological Psychology

The Anatomy and Evolution of the Nervous System

Cells of the Nervous System

Genetics and the Development of the Human Brain

Vision

Nonvisual Sensation and Perception

Movement

Temperature Regulation,thirst,and Hunger

Sexual Behavior

Sleep and Waking

Learning and Memory

Lateralization, language, and Intelligence

Emotion, reward, aggression, and Stress

Neurological Disorders

Psychological Disorders

Filters