Question 1

Differentiation of the hindbrain occurs along the

Accepted Answer

A)  rostral-caudal axis due to the activity of Hox genes. 
B)  ventral-dorsal dimension due to the activity of Hox genes. 
C)  rostral-caudal axis due to the activity of sonic hedgehog. 
D)  ventral-dorsal dimension due to the activity of BMP. 
A)  rostral-caudal axis due to the activity of Hox genes. 
B)  ventral-dorsal dimension due to the activity of Hox genes. 
C)  rostral-caudal axis due to the activity of sonic hedgehog. 
D)  ventral-dorsal dimension due to the activity of BMP. A

Question 2

Calico cats with two sex chromosomes

Accepted Answer

A)  can be male or female. 
B)  are almost always male,because the calico condition is sex-linked. 
C)  are always female,because the calico condition results from x-inactivation. 
D)  are the result of spontaneous mutations that do not affect the sex chromosomes. 
A)  can be male or female. 
B)  are almost always male,because the calico condition is sex-linked. 
C)  are always female,because the calico condition results from x-inactivation. 
D)  are the result of spontaneous mutations that do not affect the sex chromosomes. C

Question 3

Neurogenesis in adulthood

Accepted Answer

A)  does not appear to occur in humans. 
B)  probably does occur in humans,but at relatively lower rates compared with neurogenesis in the prenatal period. 
C)  probably does occur in humans at about the same rate as in the prenatal period. 
D)  probably does occur in humans,and at higher rates than during the prenatal period. 
A)  does not appear to occur in humans. 
B)  probably does occur in humans,but at relatively lower rates compared with neurogenesis in the prenatal period. 
C)  probably does occur in humans at about the same rate as in the prenatal period. 
D)  probably does occur in humans,and at higher rates than during the prenatal period. B

Question 4

If a child is born with higher than normal concentrations of neurotrophins,we can assume that

Accepted Answer

A)  no significant changes in brain development will occur. 
B)  the child will have an unusually high IQ. 
C)  the child's brain will experience greater than normal apoptosis. 
D)  the child's brain will experience less than normal apoptosis. 
A)  no significant changes in brain development will occur. 
B)  the child will have an unusually high IQ. 
C)  the child's brain will experience greater than normal apoptosis. 
D)  the child's brain will experience less than normal apoptosis.

Question 5

This figure illustrates which of the following processes?

Accepted Answer

A)  Migrating cells follow radial glia from the ventricular zone to the developing cortex. 
B)  Progenitor cells located in the ventricular zone produce daughter cells that remain in the ventricular zone or migrate. 
C)  Developing axons adhere to cell adhesion chemicals on the surface of other cells on route to forming synapses with target cells. 
D)  Guidepost cells release chemicals that either attract or repel growing axons. 
A)  Migrating cells follow radial glia from the ventricular zone to the developing cortex. 
B)  Progenitor cells located in the ventricular zone produce daughter cells that remain in the ventricular zone or migrate. 
C)  Developing axons adhere to cell adhesion chemicals on the surface of other cells on route to forming synapses with target cells. 
D)  Guidepost cells release chemicals that either attract or repel growing axons.

Question 6

How many chromosomes do human beings receive from each parent?

Accepted Answer

A)  23 
B)  46 
C)  21 
D)  42 
A)  23 
B)  46 
C)  21 
D)  42

Question 7

Brain weight begins to decline significantly in humans past the age of _________ years.

Accepted Answer

A)  20 
B)  45 
C)  65 
D)  80 
A)  20 
B)  45 
C)  65 
D)  80

Question 8

An individual's set of genetic instructions is known as the individual's

Accepted Answer

A)  genome. 
B)  genotype. 
C)  phenotype. 
D)  chromosome. 
A)  genome. 
B)  genotype. 
C)  phenotype. 
D)  chromosome.

Question 9

Experience strengthens existing synapses when

Accepted Answer

A)  pre- and postsynaptic neurons are simultaneously active. 
B)  activity of the pre- and postsynaptic neurons are not synchronized. 
C)  activity in the postsynaptic neuron precedes activity in the presynaptic neuron. 
D)  the pre- and post-synaptic neurons use the same neurotransmitter. 
A)  pre- and postsynaptic neurons are simultaneously active. 
B)  activity of the pre- and postsynaptic neurons are not synchronized. 
C)  activity in the postsynaptic neuron precedes activity in the presynaptic neuron. 
D)  the pre- and post-synaptic neurons use the same neurotransmitter.

Question 10

Different versions of the same gene are known as

Accepted Answer

A)  SNPs. 
B)  imprinted genes. 
C)  alleles. 
D)  proteomes. 
A)  SNPs. 
B)  imprinted genes. 
C)  alleles. 
D)  proteomes.

Question 11

Joan has one APOE3 and one APOE4 allele.This means Joan is heterozygous for the APOE gene.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

Neurotrophins prevent apoptosis by inhibiting the activity of

Accepted Answer

A)  caspases. 
B)  neurotrophins. 
C)  sonic hedgehog. 
D)  inducing proteins. 
A)  caspases. 
B)  neurotrophins. 
C)  sonic hedgehog. 
D)  inducing proteins.

Question 13

In the third through eighth weeks of a human pregnancy,the developing organism is referred to as a(n)

Accepted Answer

A)  zygote. 
B)  embryo. 
C)  blastocyst. 
D)  fetus. 
A)  zygote. 
B)  embryo. 
C)  blastocyst. 
D)  fetus.

Question 14

Internal organs develop from which germ layer?

Accepted Answer

A)  the endoderm 
B)  the mesoderm 
C)  the ectoderm 
D)  the blastoderm 
A)  the endoderm 
B)  the mesoderm 
C)  the ectoderm 
D)  the blastoderm

Question 15

Although there are currently no effective treatments for Alzheimer's disease,symptoms may be slightly improved by using medications that

Accepted Answer

A)  boost the activity of dopamine. 
B)  inhibit the activity of dopamine. 
C)  boost the activity of acetylcholine. 
D)  inhibit the activity of acetylcholine. 
A)  boost the activity of dopamine. 
B)  inhibit the activity of dopamine. 
C)  boost the activity of acetylcholine. 
D)  inhibit the activity of acetylcholine.

Question 16

Compared with non-twin siblings,fraternal twins

Accepted Answer

A)  experience the same level of genetic and environmental influence. 
B)  have more genes in common. 
C)  have fewer environmental influences in common. 
D)  have more environmental influences in common. 
A)  experience the same level of genetic and environmental influence. 
B)  have more genes in common. 
C)  have fewer environmental influences in common. 
D)  have more environmental influences in common.

Question 17

Connective tissue,muscles,blood vessels,and bone develop from which germ layer?

Accepted Answer

A)  the endoderm 
B)  the mesoderm 
C)  the ectoderm 
D)  the blastoderm 
A)  the endoderm 
B)  the mesoderm 
C)  the ectoderm 
D)  the blastoderm

Question 18

The process in which genes exchange equivalent sections of genetic material is known as

Accepted Answer

A)  linkage. 
B)  crossing over. 
C)  meiosis. 
D)  gene expression. 
A)  linkage. 
B)  crossing over. 
C)  meiosis. 
D)  gene expression.

Question 19

Hox genes appear to be influential in developing the

Accepted Answer

A)  entire brain. 
B)  hindbrain,but not the midbrain or forebrain. 
C)  hindbrain and midbrain,but not the forebrain. 
D)  spinal cord,but not the brain. 
A)  entire brain. 
B)  hindbrain,but not the midbrain or forebrain. 
C)  hindbrain and midbrain,but not the forebrain. 
D)  spinal cord,but not the brain.

Question 20

The historical migration patterns of humans may be traced by analyzing mutations in

Accepted Answer

A)  mitochondrial DNA inherited from the mother. 
B)  mitochondrial DNA inherited from the father. 
C)  mitochondrial DNA inherited from both parents. 
D)  DNA located on the X chromosome. 
A)  mitochondrial DNA inherited from the mother. 
B)  mitochondrial DNA inherited from the father. 
C)  mitochondrial DNA inherited from both parents. 
D)  DNA located on the X chromosome.

Differentiation of the hindbrain occurs along the

Calico cats with two sex chromosomes

Neurogenesis in adulthood

If a child is born with higher than normal concentrations of neurotrophins,we can assume that

This figure illustrates which of the following processes?

How many chromosomes do human beings receive from each parent?

Brain weight begins to decline significantly in humans past the age of _________ years.

An individual's set of genetic instructions is known as the individual's

Experience strengthens existing synapses when

Different versions of the same gene are known as

Joan has one APOE³ and one APOE⁴ allele.This means Joan is heterozygous for the APOE gene.

Neurotrophins prevent apoptosis by inhibiting the activity of

In the third through eighth weeks of a human pregnancy,the developing organism is referred to as a(n)

Internal organs develop from which germ layer?

Although there are currently no effective treatments for Alzheimer's disease,symptoms may be slightly improved by using medications that

Compared with non-twin siblings,fraternal twins

Connective tissue,muscles,blood vessels,and bone develop from which germ layer?

The process in which genes exchange equivalent sections of genetic material is known as

Hox genes appear to be influential in developing the

The historical migration patterns of humans may be traced by analyzing mutations in

Introducing Biological Psychology

The Anatomy and Evolution of the Nervous System

Cells of the Nervous System

Psychopharmacology

Vision

Nonvisual Sensation and Perception

Movement

Temperature Regulation,thirst,and Hunger

Sexual Behavior

Sleep and Waking

Learning and Memory

Lateralization, language, and Intelligence

Emotion, reward, aggression, and Stress

Neurological Disorders

Psychological Disorders

Filters

Exam 5: Genetics and the Development of the Human Brain

Differentiation of the hindbrain occurs along the

Calico cats with two sex chromosomes

Neurogenesis in adulthood

If a child is born with higher than normal concentrations of neurotrophins,we can assume that

This figure illustrates which of the following processes?

How many chromosomes do human beings receive from each parent?

Brain weight begins to decline significantly in humans past the age of _________ years.

An individual's set of genetic instructions is known as the individual's

Experience strengthens existing synapses when

Different versions of the same gene are known as

Joan has one APOE3 and one APOE4 allele.This means Joan is heterozygous for the APOE gene.

Neurotrophins prevent apoptosis by inhibiting the activity of

In the third through eighth weeks of a human pregnancy,the developing organism is referred to as a(n)

Internal organs develop from which germ layer?

Although there are currently no effective treatments for Alzheimer's disease,symptoms may be slightly improved by using medications that

Compared with non-twin siblings,fraternal twins

Connective tissue,muscles,blood vessels,and bone develop from which germ layer?

The process in which genes exchange equivalent sections of genetic material is known as

Hox genes appear to be influential in developing the

The historical migration patterns of humans may be traced by analyzing mutations in

Introducing Biological Psychology

The Anatomy and Evolution of the Nervous System

Cells of the Nervous System

Psychopharmacology

Vision

Nonvisual Sensation and Perception

Movement

Temperature Regulation,thirst,and Hunger

Sexual Behavior

Sleep and Waking

Learning and Memory

Lateralization, language, and Intelligence

Emotion, reward, aggression, and Stress

Neurological Disorders

Psychological Disorders

Filters

Joan has one APOE³ and one APOE⁴ allele.This means Joan is heterozygous for the APOE gene.