Question 1

Which of the following structures is part of the basal ganglia?

Accepted Answer

A)  the red nucleus 
B)  the putamen 
C)  the cerebellum 
D)  the reticular formation 
A)  the red nucleus 
B)  the putamen 
C)  the cerebellum 
D)  the reticular formation B

Question 2

Describe the physical symptoms of myasthenia gravis.

Accepted Answer

Myasthenia gravis results when the immune system attacks nicotinic receptors.This results in muscle weakness,fatigue,droopy eyelids,slurred speech,and difficulty swallowing and breathing.

Question 3

A single alpha motor neuron and the muscle fibers it enervates are known as a(n)

Accepted Answer

A)  motor junction. 
B)  motor unit. 
C)  intrafusal unit. 
D)  antagonistic unit. 
A)  motor junction. 
B)  motor unit. 
C)  intrafusal unit. 
D)  antagonistic unit. B

Question 4

Ventromedial pathways provide

Accepted Answer

A)  automatic control of the hands,feet,and limbs. 
B)  automatic control of the neck and torso. 
C)  voluntary control of the hands,feet,and limbs. 
D)  voluntary control of the neck and torso. 
A)  automatic control of the hands,feet,and limbs. 
B)  automatic control of the neck and torso. 
C)  voluntary control of the hands,feet,and limbs. 
D)  voluntary control of the neck and torso.

Question 5

The proportion of fast and slow-twitch fibers found in an individual's quadriceps muscle is primarily determined by the

Accepted Answer

A)  individual's diet. 
B)  number of hours the individual spends each week engaged in anaerobic activity,like weightlifting. 
C)  individual's genetics. 
D)  number of hours the individual spends each week engaged in aerobic activity,like running or cycling. 
A)  individual's diet. 
B)  number of hours the individual spends each week engaged in anaerobic activity,like weightlifting. 
C)  individual's genetics. 
D)  number of hours the individual spends each week engaged in aerobic activity,like running or cycling.

Question 6

The basal ganglia inhibit the activity of the thalamus.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

The reason the homunculus for the motor cortex is shaped the way it is (huge tongue,large hands)is that

Accepted Answer

A)  it is a drawing of all the motor functions of the body,and it is not drawn to scale. 
B)  in the homunculus picture,the amount of cortex devoted to each part of the body is represented by the relative size of the body part. 
C)  it is a reproduction of a drawing done the late eighteenth century. 
D)  there is an inverse relationship between the actual size of each body part to its representation in the homunculus drawing.The trunk of the body,for instance,is drawn very small,while the tongue is drawn very large. 
A)  it is a drawing of all the motor functions of the body,and it is not drawn to scale. 
B)  in the homunculus picture,the amount of cortex devoted to each part of the body is represented by the relative size of the body part. 
C)  it is a reproduction of a drawing done the late eighteenth century. 
D)  there is an inverse relationship between the actual size of each body part to its representation in the homunculus drawing.The trunk of the body,for instance,is drawn very small,while the tongue is drawn very large.

Question 8

As you bend your arm up to take a drink,the ________ muscles are active,and when you extend your arm to put the glass down,the ________ muscles are active.

Accepted Answer

A)  striated;smooth 
B)  flexor;extensor 
C)  extensor;flexor 
D)  Type II;Type I 
A)  striated;smooth 
B)  flexor;extensor 
C)  extensor;flexor 
D)  Type II;Type I

Question 9

Alpha motor neurons receive input from

Accepted Answer

A)  muscle spindles only. 
B)  Golgi tendon organs only. 
C)  spinal interneurons only. 
D)  muscle spindles,Golgi tendon organs,and spinal interneurons. 
A)  muscle spindles only. 
B)  Golgi tendon organs only. 
C)  spinal interneurons only. 
D)  muscle spindles,Golgi tendon organs,and spinal interneurons.

Question 10

The rubrospinal tract is one of the ventromedial motor pathways.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

Intrafusal muscle fibers

Accepted Answer

A)  are found in muscle spindles. 
B)  are responsible for muscle contraction. 
C)  provide feedback regarding muscle contraction. 
D)  are located at the junction between a muscle and tendon. 
A)  are found in muscle spindles. 
B)  are responsible for muscle contraction. 
C)  provide feedback regarding muscle contraction. 
D)  are located at the junction between a muscle and tendon.

Question 12

Golgi tendon organs are innervated by

Accepted Answer

A)  Ia sensory fibers. 
B)  alpha motor neurons. 
C)  gamma motor neurons. 
D)  Ib fibers. 
A)  Ia sensory fibers. 
B)  alpha motor neurons. 
C)  gamma motor neurons. 
D)  Ib fibers.

Question 13

Which of the following areas of the spinal cord show enlargement of the ventral horns due to large numbers of motor neurons?

Accepted Answer

A)  C1-C2;T2-T12 
B)  C1-C2;L1-S3 
C)  C3-T1;T2-T12 
D)  C3-T1;L1-S3 
A)  C1-C2;T2-T12 
B)  C1-C2;L1-S3 
C)  C3-T1;T2-T12 
D)  C3-T1;L1-S3

Question 14

The lungs are moved by _________ muscle.

Accepted Answer

A)  smooth 
B)  cardiac 
C)  striated 
D)  both smooth and striated 
A)  smooth 
B)  cardiac 
C)  striated 
D)  both smooth and striated

Question 15

Age-related changes in muscle function

Accepted Answer

A)  are related to genetics and cannot be changed. 
B)  can be completely reversed through exercise. 
C)  cannot be reversed,but people can compensate somewhat for these changes by exercising. 
D)  cannot be reversed,but people can compensate somewhat for these changes by eating carefully. 
A)  are related to genetics and cannot be changed. 
B)  can be completely reversed through exercise. 
C)  cannot be reversed,but people can compensate somewhat for these changes by exercising. 
D)  cannot be reversed,but people can compensate somewhat for these changes by eating carefully.

Question 16

Which of the following structures may serve as a "bridge" between the planning and initiation of voluntary movement?

Accepted Answer

A)  supplementary motor area (SM
A)  
B)  pre-SMA 
C)  red nucleus 
D)  putamen 
A)  supplementary motor area (SM
A)  
B)  pre-SMA 
C)  red nucleus 
D)  putamen

Question 17

Which of the following is a sex-linked disorder?

Accepted Answer

A)  myasthenia gravis 
B)  muscular dystrophy 
C)  Parkinson's disease 
D)  Huntington's disease 
A)  myasthenia gravis 
B)  muscular dystrophy 
C)  Parkinson's disease 
D)  Huntington's disease

Question 18

Which of the following disorders is caused by a virus that destroys alpha motor neurons?

Accepted Answer

A)  polio 
B)  muscular dystrophy 
C)  myasthenia gravis 
D)  Huntington's disease 
A)  polio 
B)  muscular dystrophy 
C)  myasthenia gravis 
D)  Huntington's disease

Question 19

Myasthenia gravis

Accepted Answer

A)  may be treated by administering dopamine agonists. 
B)  may be treated with medications that suppress the immune system. 
C)  may be treated with the implant of fetal stem cells. 
D)  has no current effective treatments. 
A)  may be treated by administering dopamine agonists. 
B)  may be treated with medications that suppress the immune system. 
C)  may be treated with the implant of fetal stem cells. 
D)  has no current effective treatments.

Question 20

Therapies for which of the following disorders are likely to be very attractive as performance-enhancements for elite athletes?

Accepted Answer

A)  Parkinson's disease 
B)  myasthenia gravis 
C)  muscular dystrophy 
D)  Huntington's disease 
A)  Parkinson's disease 
B)  myasthenia gravis 
C)  muscular dystrophy 
D)  Huntington's disease

Which of the following structures is part of the basal ganglia?

Describe the physical symptoms of myasthenia gravis.

A single alpha motor neuron and the muscle fibers it enervates are known as a(n)

Ventromedial pathways provide

The proportion of fast and slow-twitch fibers found in an individual's quadriceps muscle is primarily determined by the

The basal ganglia inhibit the activity of the thalamus.

The reason the homunculus for the motor cortex is shaped the way it is (huge tongue,large hands)is that

As you bend your arm up to take a drink,the muscles are active,and when you extend your arm to put the glass down,the muscles are active.

Alpha motor neurons receive input from

The rubrospinal tract is one of the ventromedial motor pathways.

Intrafusal muscle fibers

Golgi tendon organs are innervated by

Which of the following areas of the spinal cord show enlargement of the ventral horns due to large numbers of motor neurons?

The lungs are moved by _________ muscle.

Age-related changes in muscle function

Which of the following structures may serve as a "bridge" between the planning and initiation of voluntary movement?

Which of the following is a sex-linked disorder?

Which of the following disorders is caused by a virus that destroys alpha motor neurons?

Myasthenia gravis

Therapies for which of the following disorders are likely to be very attractive as performance-enhancements for elite athletes?

Introducing Biological Psychology

The Anatomy and Evolution of the Nervous System

Cells of the Nervous System

Psychopharmacology

Genetics and the Development of the Human Brain

Vision

Nonvisual Sensation and Perception

Temperature Regulation,thirst,and Hunger

Sexual Behavior

Sleep and Waking

Learning and Memory

Lateralization, language, and Intelligence

Emotion, reward, aggression, and Stress

Neurological Disorders

Psychological Disorders

Filters

Exam 8: Movement

Which of the following structures is part of the basal ganglia?

Describe the physical symptoms of myasthenia gravis.

A single alpha motor neuron and the muscle fibers it enervates are known as a(n)

Ventromedial pathways provide

The proportion of fast and slow-twitch fibers found in an individual's quadriceps muscle is primarily determined by the

The basal ganglia inhibit the activity of the thalamus.

The reason the homunculus for the motor cortex is shaped the way it is (huge tongue,large hands)is that

As you bend your arm up to take a drink,the ________ muscles are active,and when you extend your arm to put the glass down,the ________ muscles are active.

Alpha motor neurons receive input from

The rubrospinal tract is one of the ventromedial motor pathways.

Intrafusal muscle fibers

Golgi tendon organs are innervated by

Which of the following areas of the spinal cord show enlargement of the ventral horns due to large numbers of motor neurons?

The lungs are moved by _________ muscle.

Age-related changes in muscle function

Which of the following structures may serve as a "bridge" between the planning and initiation of voluntary movement?

Which of the following is a sex-linked disorder?

Which of the following disorders is caused by a virus that destroys alpha motor neurons?

Myasthenia gravis

Therapies for which of the following disorders are likely to be very attractive as performance-enhancements for elite athletes?

Introducing Biological Psychology

The Anatomy and Evolution of the Nervous System

Cells of the Nervous System

Psychopharmacology

Genetics and the Development of the Human Brain

Vision

Nonvisual Sensation and Perception

Temperature Regulation,thirst,and Hunger

Sexual Behavior

Sleep and Waking

Learning and Memory

Lateralization, language, and Intelligence

Emotion, reward, aggression, and Stress

Neurological Disorders

Psychological Disorders

Filters

As you bend your arm up to take a drink,the muscles are active,and when you extend your arm to put the glass down,the muscles are active.