Question 1

Muscular dystrophy

Accepted Answer

A)  is usually treated with AChE inhibitors. 
B)  may be treated with medications that suppress the immune system. 
C)  may be treated with dopamine agonists. 
D)  has no currently approved effective treatments. 
A)  is usually treated with AChE inhibitors. 
B)  may be treated with medications that suppress the immune system. 
C)  may be treated with dopamine agonists. 
D)  has no currently approved effective treatments.

Question 2

Provide an example of a cholinergic antagonist,and describe its effects on movement.

Accepted Answer

Cholinergic antagonists include curare,c

Question 3

The corticospinal tract crosses the midline at the level of the

Accepted Answer

A)  superior colliculi of the midbrain. 
B)  junction between the midbrain and pons. 
C)  junction between the pons and medulla. 
D)  junction between the medulla and spinal cord. 
A)  superior colliculi of the midbrain. 
B)  junction between the midbrain and pons. 
C)  junction between the pons and medulla. 
D)  junction between the medulla and spinal cord.

Question 4

Age-related loss in muscle mass appears to begin around the age of _________ years.

Accepted Answer

A)  25 
B)  50 
C)  75 
D)  90 
A)  25 
B)  50 
C)  75 
D)  90

Question 5

A single motor unit usually contains a motor neuron and

Accepted Answer

A)  one muscle fiber. 
B)  both fast and slow-twitch fibers. 
C)  either fast-twitch or slow-twitch fibers,but not a mixture of the two types. 
D)  a muscle spindle. 
A)  one muscle fiber. 
B)  both fast and slow-twitch fibers. 
C)  either fast-twitch or slow-twitch fibers,but not a mixture of the two types. 
D)  a muscle spindle.

Question 6

What is the function of striated muscles?

Accepted Answer

A)  control blood pressure and move the eyes and lung 
B)  move nutrients through the digestive tract and move bones 
C)  move the heart and the bones 
D)  control blood pressure and move the heart 
A)  control blood pressure and move the eyes and lung 
B)  move nutrients through the digestive tract and move bones 
C)  move the heart and the bones 
D)  control blood pressure and move the heart

Question 7

Single segments of a myofibril are known as

Accepted Answer

A)  sarcomeres. 
B)  twitches. 
C)  Z lines. 
D)  troponins. 
A)  sarcomeres. 
B)  twitches. 
C)  Z lines. 
D)  troponins.

Question 8

The basal ganglia influence voluntary movement by

Accepted Answer

A)  directly inhibiting the thalamus,which in turn influences pre-SMA and SMA. 
B)  directly inhibiting pre-SMA and SMA,which in turn influences the thalamus. 
C)  making direct connections with primary motor cortex. 
D)  directly activating the thalamus,which in turn influences pre-SMA and SMA. 
A)  directly inhibiting the thalamus,which in turn influences pre-SMA and SMA. 
B)  directly inhibiting pre-SMA and SMA,which in turn influences the thalamus. 
C)  making direct connections with primary motor cortex. 
D)  directly activating the thalamus,which in turn influences pre-SMA and SMA.

Question 9

The lateral pathway originates in the _________ and controls _________ movements.

Accepted Answer

A)  cortex;voluntary 
B)  cortex;automatic 
C)  brainstem;voluntary 
D)  brainstem;automatic 
A)  cortex;voluntary 
B)  cortex;automatic 
C)  brainstem;voluntary 
D)  brainstem;automatic

Question 10

Abnormal activity in the basal ganglia has been implicated in

Accepted Answer

A)  Alzheimer's disease. 
B)  Huntington's disease. 
C)  major depressive disorder. 
D)  muscular dystrophy. 
A)  Alzheimer's disease. 
B)  Huntington's disease. 
C)  major depressive disorder. 
D)  muscular dystrophy.

Question 11

Rigor mortis,or the muscle stiffness present after death,results primarily from

Accepted Answer

A)  a drop in acetylcholine levels. 
B)  a lack of energy needed to separate actin and myosin molecules. 
C)  an increase in intracellular calcium concentrations. 
D)  the breakdown of troponin molecules. 
A)  a drop in acetylcholine levels. 
B)  a lack of energy needed to separate actin and myosin molecules. 
C)  an increase in intracellular calcium concentrations. 
D)  the breakdown of troponin molecules.

Question 12

An antagonistic pair of muscles is made up of

Accepted Answer

A)  two extensor muscles at the same joint. 
B)  two flexor muscles at the same joint. 
C)  an extensor muscle and a flexor muscle at the same joint. 
D)  two complex muscles that allow joints like hips and elbows to move in many directions. 
A)  two extensor muscles at the same joint. 
B)  two flexor muscles at the same joint. 
C)  an extensor muscle and a flexor muscle at the same joint. 
D)  two complex muscles that allow joints like hips and elbows to move in many directions.

Question 13

Without input from the gamma motor neurons,

Accepted Answer

A)  extrafusal muscle fibers would be unable to contract. 
B)  intrafusal muscle fibers would not be able to relax. 
C)  extrafusal fibers would go limp whenever intrafusal fibers contracted. 
D)  intrafusal fibers would go limp whenever extrafusal fibers contracted. 
A)  extrafusal muscle fibers would be unable to contract. 
B)  intrafusal muscle fibers would not be able to relax. 
C)  extrafusal fibers would go limp whenever intrafusal fibers contracted. 
D)  intrafusal fibers would go limp whenever extrafusal fibers contracted.

Question 14

The development of muscle tissue is related to

Accepted Answer

A)  estrogens (female hormones) 
B)  androgens (male hormones) 
C)  both estrogens and androgens 
D)  neither estrogens nor androgens 
A)  estrogens (female hormones) 
B)  androgens (male hormones) 
C)  both estrogens and androgens 
D)  neither estrogens nor androgens

Question 15

Sherry had some spinal cord damage,and she now has difficulty mostly with fine movement.More specifically,she had damage to the _________ pathway in her spinal cord.

Accepted Answer

A)  lateral 
B)  ventromedial 
C)  dorsolateral 
D)  dorsomedial 
A)  lateral 
B)  ventromedial 
C)  dorsolateral 
D)  dorsomedial

Question 16

In which of the following locations would we expect to find the greatest density of muscle spindles?

Accepted Answer

A)  the legs 
B)  the torso 
C)  the hands 
D)  the arms 
A)  the legs 
B)  the torso 
C)  the hands 
D)  the arms

Question 17

The pathways illustrated in (a)in this figure (numbers 1 and 2)are known as the

Accepted Answer

A)  medial lemniscus. 
B)  spinothalamic pathways. 
C)  lateral pathways. 
D)  ventromedial pathways. 
A)  medial lemniscus. 
B)  spinothalamic pathways. 
C)  lateral pathways. 
D)  ventromedial pathways.

Question 18

Muscle fibers contract when Z lines move _________ and the sarcomeres _________.

Accepted Answer

A)  apart;stretch 
B)  apart;shorten 
C)  together;stretch 
D)  together;shorten 
A)  apart;stretch 
B)  apart;shorten 
C)  together;stretch 
D)  together;shorten

Question 19

The tectospinal tract originates in the

Accepted Answer

A)  reticular formation of the pons. 
B)  reticular formation of the medulla. 
C)  vestibular nuclei of the medulla. 
D)  midbrain. 
A)  reticular formation of the pons. 
B)  reticular formation of the medulla. 
C)  vestibular nuclei of the medulla. 
D)  midbrain.

Question 20

Muscular dystrophy results from exposure to some viruses.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Muscular dystrophy

Provide an example of a cholinergic antagonist,and describe its effects on movement.

The corticospinal tract crosses the midline at the level of the

Age-related loss in muscle mass appears to begin around the age of _________ years.

A single motor unit usually contains a motor neuron and

What is the function of striated muscles?

Single segments of a myofibril are known as

The basal ganglia influence voluntary movement by

The lateral pathway originates in the _ and controls _ movements.

Abnormal activity in the basal ganglia has been implicated in

Rigor mortis,or the muscle stiffness present after death,results primarily from

An antagonistic pair of muscles is made up of

Without input from the gamma motor neurons,

The development of muscle tissue is related to

Sherry had some spinal cord damage,and she now has difficulty mostly with fine movement.More specifically,she had damage to the _________ pathway in her spinal cord.

In which of the following locations would we expect to find the greatest density of muscle spindles?

The pathways illustrated in (a)in this figure (numbers 1 and 2)are known as the

Muscle fibers contract when Z lines move _ and the sarcomeres _.

The tectospinal tract originates in the

Muscular dystrophy results from exposure to some viruses.

Introducing Biological Psychology

The Anatomy and Evolution of the Nervous System

Cells of the Nervous System

Psychopharmacology

Genetics and the Development of the Human Brain

Vision

Nonvisual Sensation and Perception

Temperature Regulation,thirst,and Hunger

Sexual Behavior

Sleep and Waking

Learning and Memory

Lateralization, language, and Intelligence

Emotion, reward, aggression, and Stress

Neurological Disorders

Psychological Disorders

Filters

Exam 8: Movement

Muscular dystrophy

Provide an example of a cholinergic antagonist,and describe its effects on movement.

The corticospinal tract crosses the midline at the level of the

Age-related loss in muscle mass appears to begin around the age of _________ years.

A single motor unit usually contains a motor neuron and

What is the function of striated muscles?

Single segments of a myofibril are known as

The basal ganglia influence voluntary movement by

The lateral pathway originates in the _________ and controls _________ movements.

Abnormal activity in the basal ganglia has been implicated in

Rigor mortis,or the muscle stiffness present after death,results primarily from

An antagonistic pair of muscles is made up of

Without input from the gamma motor neurons,

The development of muscle tissue is related to

Sherry had some spinal cord damage,and she now has difficulty mostly with fine movement.More specifically,she had damage to the _________ pathway in her spinal cord.

In which of the following locations would we expect to find the greatest density of muscle spindles?

The pathways illustrated in (a)in this figure (numbers 1 and 2)are known as the

Muscle fibers contract when Z lines move _________ and the sarcomeres _________.

The tectospinal tract originates in the

Muscular dystrophy results from exposure to some viruses.

Introducing Biological Psychology

The Anatomy and Evolution of the Nervous System

Cells of the Nervous System

Psychopharmacology

Genetics and the Development of the Human Brain

Vision

Nonvisual Sensation and Perception

Temperature Regulation,thirst,and Hunger

Sexual Behavior

Sleep and Waking

Learning and Memory

Lateralization, language, and Intelligence

Emotion, reward, aggression, and Stress

Neurological Disorders

Psychological Disorders

Filters

The lateral pathway originates in the _ and controls _ movements.

Muscle fibers contract when Z lines move _ and the sarcomeres _.