Question 1

Chemical messengers in the axon terminal are contained within

Accepted Answer

A)  mitochondria. 
B)  synaptic vesicles. 
C)  ribosomes. 
D)  nodes of Ranvier. 
A)  mitochondria. 
B)  synaptic vesicles. 
C)  ribosomes. 
D)  nodes of Ranvier.

Question 2

A major factor contributing to the relative negativity of the neuron's internal environment at rest is

Accepted Answer

A)  its large amount of sodium. 
B)  its large amount of potassium. 
C)  the presence of negatively charged protein ions. 
D)  the absence of negatively charged protein ions. 
A)  its large amount of sodium. 
B)  its large amount of potassium. 
C)  the presence of negatively charged protein ions. 
D)  the absence of negatively charged protein ions.

Question 3

What is the impact of IPSPs in a postsynaptic neuron?

Accepted Answer

Because IPSPs represent small

Question 4

Unipolar neurons have _________ leaving the cell body.

Accepted Answer

A)  one branch 
B)  one axon and many dendrites 
C)  two branches 
D)  one dendrite and many axons 
A)  one branch 
B)  one axon and many dendrites 
C)  two branches 
D)  one dendrite and many axons

Question 5

Following injury,which of the glia may actually prevent neural regrowth by forming scar tissue?

Accepted Answer

A)  astrocytes 
B)  oligodendrocytes 
C)  Schwann cells 
D)  microglia 
A)  astrocytes 
B)  oligodendrocytes 
C)  Schwann cells 
D)  microglia

Question 6

The gaps between cells involved in a chemical synapse are _________ gaps between cells involved in electrical synapses.

Accepted Answer

A)  wider than 
B)  smaller than 
C)  about the same as 
D)  in some cases wider and in some cases smaller than 
A)  wider than 
B)  smaller than 
C)  about the same as 
D)  in some cases wider and in some cases smaller than

Question 7

In the resting neuron,potassium is pushed

Accepted Answer

A)  out of the cell by diffusion and into the cell by electrical force. 
B)  out of the cell by electrical force and into the cell by diffusion. 
C)  out of the cell by both electrical force and diffusion. 
D)  into the cell by both electrical force and diffusion. 
A)  out of the cell by diffusion and into the cell by electrical force. 
B)  out of the cell by electrical force and into the cell by diffusion. 
C)  out of the cell by both electrical force and diffusion. 
D)  into the cell by both electrical force and diffusion.

Question 8

In some (although not all)cases of multiple sclerosis,one of the first symptoms noticed is a reduction in sensation from distal parts of the body,such as feet and hands.Which of the following statements best explains why this might happen?

Accepted Answer

A)  The fibers of the axons are reduced in diameter,so the information can't travel fast enough. 
B)  Without the myelin sheath covering the axon,the neural transmission from the periphery is slowed. 
C)  The fibers of the axons are enlarged,slowing the neural transmission. 
D)  The neurons have degenerated and are no longer producing neural transmission. 
A)  The fibers of the axons are reduced in diameter,so the information can't travel fast enough. 
B)  Without the myelin sheath covering the axon,the neural transmission from the periphery is slowed. 
C)  The fibers of the axons are enlarged,slowing the neural transmission. 
D)  The neurons have degenerated and are no longer producing neural transmission.

Question 9

Inhibitory postsynaptic potentials (IPSPs)generally result when _________ channels are opened.

Accepted Answer

A)  postsynaptic calcium 
B)  postsynaptic sodium 
C)  presynaptic potassium or chloride 
D)  postsynaptic potassium or chloride 
A)  postsynaptic calcium 
B)  postsynaptic sodium 
C)  presynaptic potassium or chloride 
D)  postsynaptic potassium or chloride

Question 10

Describe the process of presynaptic inhibition.

Accepted Answer

In presynaptic inhibition,an a

Question 11

Extracellular fluid is most similar in chemical composition to

Accepted Answer

A)  fresh water. 
B)  seawater. 
C)  alcoholic beverages. 
D)  caffeinated energy drinks. 
A)  fresh water. 
B)  seawater. 
C)  alcoholic beverages. 
D)  caffeinated energy drinks.

Question 12

Compared with the Von Economo neurons found in great apes,those found in humans are

Accepted Answer

A)  the same size and are found in the same numbers. 
B)  the same size but are more numerous. 
C)  larger,but are found in the same numbers. 
D)  much larger and more numerous. 
A)  the same size and are found in the same numbers. 
B)  the same size but are more numerous. 
C)  larger,but are found in the same numbers. 
D)  much larger and more numerous.

Question 13

What is reuptake?

Accepted Answer

Reuptake is one of the processes that en

Question 14

A neuron's maximum rate of firing is approximately _________ action potentials per second.

Accepted Answer

A)  200 
B)  500 
C)  1,000 
D)  10,000 
A)  200 
B)  500 
C)  1,000 
D)  10,000

Question 15

In Alzheimer's disease,which of the following substances contributes to the development of neurofibrillary tangles?

Accepted Answer

A)  tetrodotoxin 
B)  calcium 
C)  amyloid 
D)  tetanospasmin 
A)  tetrodotoxin 
B)  calcium 
C)  amyloid 
D)  tetanospasmin

Question 16

Protein structures on the postsynaptic neuron that have recognition sites located on the channel protein are known as

Accepted Answer

A)  ionotropic receptors. 
B)  metabotropic receptors. 
C)  autoreceptors. 
D)  transporter molecules. 
A)  ionotropic receptors. 
B)  metabotropic receptors. 
C)  autoreceptors. 
D)  transporter molecules.

Question 17

The relative refractory period occurs because

Accepted Answer

A)  the cell is hyperpolarized,requiring a larger than normal stimulus in order to form another action potential. 
B)  it takes time for the sodium-potassium pumps to return ion concentrations to the normal resting state. 
C)  only one action potential at a time can travel the length of an axon. 
D)  sodium channels cannot reopen until the cell regains its resting potential. 
A)  the cell is hyperpolarized,requiring a larger than normal stimulus in order to form another action potential. 
B)  it takes time for the sodium-potassium pumps to return ion concentrations to the normal resting state. 
C)  only one action potential at a time can travel the length of an axon. 
D)  sodium channels cannot reopen until the cell regains its resting potential.

Question 18

The amount of neurotransmitter released during exocytosis is largely determined by the amount of calcium entering the presynaptic axon terminal.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

When potassium concentrations in the extracellular fluid are increased,the resting potential

Accepted Answer

A)  remains the same. 
B)  is reduced,making signaling less likely. 
C)  is reduced,making signaling more likely. 
D)  is increased,making signaling more likely. 
A)  remains the same. 
B)  is reduced,making signaling less likely. 
C)  is reduced,making signaling more likely. 
D)  is increased,making signaling more likely.

Question 20

Lethal injection interferes with the resting potential of cells by

Accepted Answer

A)  increasing the concentration of extracellular sodium. 
B)  decreasing the concentration of extracellular sodium. 
C)  increasing the concentration of extracellular potassium. 
D)  decreasing the concentration of extracellular potassium. 
A)  increasing the concentration of extracellular sodium. 
B)  decreasing the concentration of extracellular sodium. 
C)  increasing the concentration of extracellular potassium. 
D)  decreasing the concentration of extracellular potassium.

Chemical messengers in the axon terminal are contained within

A major factor contributing to the relative negativity of the neuron's internal environment at rest is

What is the impact of IPSPs in a postsynaptic neuron?

Unipolar neurons have _________ leaving the cell body.

Following injury,which of the glia may actually prevent neural regrowth by forming scar tissue?

The gaps between cells involved in a chemical synapse are _________ gaps between cells involved in electrical synapses.

In the resting neuron,potassium is pushed

In some (although not all)cases of multiple sclerosis,one of the first symptoms noticed is a reduction in sensation from distal parts of the body,such as feet and hands.Which of the following statements best explains why this might happen?

Inhibitory postsynaptic potentials (IPSPs)generally result when _________ channels are opened.

Describe the process of presynaptic inhibition.

Extracellular fluid is most similar in chemical composition to

Compared with the Von Economo neurons found in great apes,those found in humans are

What is reuptake?

A neuron's maximum rate of firing is approximately _________ action potentials per second.

In Alzheimer's disease,which of the following substances contributes to the development of neurofibrillary tangles?

Protein structures on the postsynaptic neuron that have recognition sites located on the channel protein are known as

The relative refractory period occurs because

The amount of neurotransmitter released during exocytosis is largely determined by the amount of calcium entering the presynaptic axon terminal.

When potassium concentrations in the extracellular fluid are increased,the resting potential

Lethal injection interferes with the resting potential of cells by

Introducing Biological Psychology

The Anatomy and Evolution of the Nervous System

Psychopharmacology

Genetics and the Development of the Human Brain

Vision

Nonvisual Sensation and Perception

Movement

Temperature Regulation,thirst,and Hunger

Sexual Behavior

Sleep and Waking

Learning and Memory

Lateralization, language, and Intelligence

Emotion, reward, aggression, and Stress

Neurological Disorders

Psychological Disorders

Filters

Exam 3: Cells of the Nervous System

Chemical messengers in the axon terminal are contained within

A major factor contributing to the relative negativity of the neuron's internal environment at rest is

What is the impact of IPSPs in a postsynaptic neuron?

Unipolar neurons have _________ leaving the cell body.

Following injury,which of the glia may actually prevent neural regrowth by forming scar tissue?

The gaps between cells involved in a chemical synapse are _________ gaps between cells involved in electrical synapses.

In the resting neuron,potassium is pushed

In some (although not all)cases of multiple sclerosis,one of the first symptoms noticed is a reduction in sensation from distal parts of the body,such as feet and hands.Which of the following statements best explains why this might happen?

Inhibitory postsynaptic potentials (IPSPs)generally result when _________ channels are opened.

Describe the process of presynaptic inhibition.

Extracellular fluid is most similar in chemical composition to

Compared with the Von Economo neurons found in great apes,those found in humans are

What is reuptake?

A neuron's maximum rate of firing is approximately _________ action potentials per second.

In Alzheimer's disease,which of the following substances contributes to the development of neurofibrillary tangles?

Protein structures on the postsynaptic neuron that have recognition sites located on the channel protein are known as

The relative refractory period occurs because

The amount of neurotransmitter released during exocytosis is largely determined by the amount of calcium entering the presynaptic axon terminal.

When potassium concentrations in the extracellular fluid are increased,the resting potential

Lethal injection interferes with the resting potential of cells by

Introducing Biological Psychology

The Anatomy and Evolution of the Nervous System

Psychopharmacology

Genetics and the Development of the Human Brain

Vision

Nonvisual Sensation and Perception

Movement

Temperature Regulation,thirst,and Hunger

Sexual Behavior

Sleep and Waking

Learning and Memory

Lateralization, language, and Intelligence

Emotion, reward, aggression, and Stress

Neurological Disorders

Psychological Disorders

Filters