Question 1

After synaptic vesicles release their contents into the synaptic gap,the vesicle membranes

Accepted Answer

A)  are broken down by special enzymes. 
B)  are pinched off the axon terminal membrane and formed into new vesicles. 
C)  diffuse away from the synaptic gap in the extracellular fluid. 
D)  are digested by microglia. 
A)  are broken down by special enzymes. 
B)  are pinched off the axon terminal membrane and formed into new vesicles. 
C)  diffuse away from the synaptic gap in the extracellular fluid. 
D)  are digested by microglia.

Question 2

When an axo-axonic synapse results in a decrease of neurotransmitter released by a target axon,which of the following processes has occurred?

Accepted Answer

A)  temporal summation 
B)  spatial summation 
C)  presynaptic facilitation 
D)  presynaptic inhibition 
A)  temporal summation 
B)  spatial summation 
C)  presynaptic facilitation 
D)  presynaptic inhibition

Question 3

The Nernst Equation is used to

Accepted Answer

A)  find the point where diffusion and electrical force balance one another in the case of a particular ion. 
B)  calculate the speed of action potentials in myelinated axons. 
C)  determine how many channels for each type of ion are located in a neural membrane. 
D)  calculate the concentrations of particular ions in either the extracellular or intracellular fluids. 
A)  find the point where diffusion and electrical force balance one another in the case of a particular ion. 
B)  calculate the speed of action potentials in myelinated axons. 
C)  determine how many channels for each type of ion are located in a neural membrane. 
D)  calculate the concentrations of particular ions in either the extracellular or intracellular fluids.

Question 4

The swelling at the end of an axon is known as a

Accepted Answer

A)  spine. 
B)  hillock. 
C)  collateral. 
D)  terminal. 
A)  spine. 
B)  hillock. 
C)  collateral. 
D)  terminal.

Question 5

What is the difference between the absolute and relative refractory periods?

Accepted Answer

Given sufficient stimulation,an axon pot

Question 6

The neural cell membrane consists of a(n)

Accepted Answer

A)  outer layer of protein and an inner layer of phospholipid. 
B)  single layer of phospholipids. 
C)  double layer of phospholipids. 
D)  double layer of protein. 
A)  outer layer of protein and an inner layer of phospholipid. 
B)  single layer of phospholipids. 
C)  double layer of phospholipids. 
D)  double layer of protein.

Question 7

Calcium pumps differ from sodium-potassium pumps in that

Accepted Answer

A)  they do not require energy in order to operate. 
B)  they are rarely found in the central nervous system. 
C)  while moving one type of ion out of the cell,they do not move another type of ion into the cell. 
D)  they are not essential for the healthy operation of the nervous system. 
A)  they do not require energy in order to operate. 
B)  they are rarely found in the central nervous system. 
C)  while moving one type of ion out of the cell,they do not move another type of ion into the cell. 
D)  they are not essential for the healthy operation of the nervous system.

Question 8

Ion channels are located _________ of myelinated axons.

Accepted Answer

A)  along the entire length 
B)  only at the axon hillock and nodes of Ranvier 
C)  only at the axon terminals 
D)  only at the axon hillock 
A)  along the entire length 
B)  only at the axon hillock and nodes of Ranvier 
C)  only at the axon terminals 
D)  only at the axon hillock

Question 9

Professor Winston is observing the effects of a new drug on neurons in the spinal cord that participate in reflexes by forming a bridge between incoming sensory information and outgoing motor commands.The neurons that Professor Winston is studying are most likely

Accepted Answer

A)  sensory neurons 
B)  motor neurons 
C)  interneurons 
D)  Von Economo neurons 
A)  sensory neurons 
B)  motor neurons 
C)  interneurons 
D)  Von Economo neurons

Question 10

Extracellular fluid is rich in

Accepted Answer

A)  K+,with small amounts of Na+ and Cl-. 
B)  K+ and Cl-,with very small amounts of Na+. 
C)  Cl-,with very small amounts of K+ and Na+. 
D)  Na+ and Cl-,with small amounts of K+. 
A)  K+,with small amounts of Na+ and Cl-. 
B)  K+ and Cl-,with very small amounts of Na+. 
C)  Cl-,with very small amounts of K+ and Na+. 
D)  Na+ and Cl-,with small amounts of K+.

Question 11

Compared with the myelin found on small diameter axons,the myelin coating axons of large diameter axons

Accepted Answer

A)  is of equal thickness and spacing. 
B)  has less thickness but equal spacing. 
C)  has equal thickness,but the nodes of Ranvier are closer together. 
D)  is thicker,and the nodes of Ranvier are farther apart. 
A)  is of equal thickness and spacing. 
B)  has less thickness but equal spacing. 
C)  has equal thickness,but the nodes of Ranvier are closer together. 
D)  is thicker,and the nodes of Ranvier are farther apart.

Question 12

Electrical synapses provide the ability to send only excitatory messages.What advantages are gained by having the ability to send both excitatory and inhibitory messages?

Accepted Answer

Electrical synapses do not provide the a

Question 13

If a neuron is from a part of the brain known to be involved in learning,it is most likely a(n)

Accepted Answer

A)  unipolar neuron with very few collaterals. 
B)  multipolar neuron with very few dendritic spines. 
C)  interneuron with a very long axon and many collaterals. 
D)  multipolar neuron with many dendrites and many dendritic spines. 
A)  unipolar neuron with very few collaterals. 
B)  multipolar neuron with very few dendritic spines. 
C)  interneuron with a very long axon and many collaterals. 
D)  multipolar neuron with many dendrites and many dendritic spines.

Question 14

Multipolar neurons have _______________leaving the cell body.

Accepted Answer

A)  one branch 
B)  one axon and many dendrites 
C)  two processes 
D)  one dendrite and many axons 
A)  one branch 
B)  one axon and many dendrites 
C)  two processes 
D)  one dendrite and many axons

Question 15

In the resting cell,depicted in this figure,sodium is

Accepted Answer

A)  too large to pass through any channels. 
B)  pushed into the cell by diffusion,but out of the cell by electrical force. 
C)  pushed out of the cell by diffusion,but into the cell by electrical force. 
D)  pushed into the cell by both diffusion and electrical force. 
A)  too large to pass through any channels. 
B)  pushed into the cell by diffusion,but out of the cell by electrical force. 
C)  pushed out of the cell by diffusion,but into the cell by electrical force. 
D)  pushed into the cell by both diffusion and electrical force.

Question 16

The organelles responsible for providing energy for the cell are the

Accepted Answer

A)  endoplasmic reticulum. 
B)  nucleolus. 
C)  mitochondria. 
D)  Golgi apparatus. 
A)  endoplasmic reticulum. 
B)  nucleolus. 
C)  mitochondria. 
D)  Golgi apparatus.

Question 17

There are many more neurons than glia in the nervous system.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

Pyramidal cells in the cerebral cortex are examples of

Accepted Answer

A)  unipolar neurons. 
B)  bipolar neurons. 
C)  multipolar neurons. 
D)  Purkinje cells. 
A)  unipolar neurons. 
B)  bipolar neurons. 
C)  multipolar neurons. 
D)  Purkinje cells.

Question 19

When chemical communication at a synapse is terminated by the recapture of neurotransmitter molecules by the presynaptic neuron,we refer to the process as

Accepted Answer

A)  diffusion. 
B)  enzymatic deactivation. 
C)  reuptake. 
D)  second messaging. 
A)  diffusion. 
B)  enzymatic deactivation. 
C)  reuptake. 
D)  second messaging.

Question 20

Knobs located on the dendrites that provide additional locations for synapses are known as

Accepted Answer

A)  spikes. 
B)  spines. 
C)  filopodia. 
D)  lamellopodia. 
A)  spikes. 
B)  spines. 
C)  filopodia. 
D)  lamellopodia.

After synaptic vesicles release their contents into the synaptic gap,the vesicle membranes

When an axo-axonic synapse results in a decrease of neurotransmitter released by a target axon,which of the following processes has occurred?

The Nernst Equation is used to

The swelling at the end of an axon is known as a

What is the difference between the absolute and relative refractory periods?

The neural cell membrane consists of a(n)

Calcium pumps differ from sodium-potassium pumps in that

Ion channels are located _________ of myelinated axons.

Professor Winston is observing the effects of a new drug on neurons in the spinal cord that participate in reflexes by forming a bridge between incoming sensory information and outgoing motor commands.The neurons that Professor Winston is studying are most likely

Extracellular fluid is rich in

Compared with the myelin found on small diameter axons,the myelin coating axons of large diameter axons

Electrical synapses provide the ability to send only excitatory messages.What advantages are gained by having the ability to send both excitatory and inhibitory messages?

If a neuron is from a part of the brain known to be involved in learning,it is most likely a(n)

Multipolar neurons have _______________leaving the cell body.

In the resting cell,depicted in this figure,sodium is

The organelles responsible for providing energy for the cell are the

There are many more neurons than glia in the nervous system.

Pyramidal cells in the cerebral cortex are examples of

When chemical communication at a synapse is terminated by the recapture of neurotransmitter molecules by the presynaptic neuron,we refer to the process as

Knobs located on the dendrites that provide additional locations for synapses are known as

Introducing Biological Psychology

The Anatomy and Evolution of the Nervous System

Psychopharmacology

Genetics and the Development of the Human Brain

Vision

Nonvisual Sensation and Perception

Movement

Temperature Regulation,thirst,and Hunger

Sexual Behavior

Sleep and Waking

Learning and Memory

Lateralization, language, and Intelligence

Emotion, reward, aggression, and Stress

Neurological Disorders

Psychological Disorders

Filters

Exam 3: Cells of the Nervous System

After synaptic vesicles release their contents into the synaptic gap,the vesicle membranes

When an axo-axonic synapse results in a decrease of neurotransmitter released by a target axon,which of the following processes has occurred?

The Nernst Equation is used to

The swelling at the end of an axon is known as a

What is the difference between the absolute and relative refractory periods?

The neural cell membrane consists of a(n)

Calcium pumps differ from sodium-potassium pumps in that

Ion channels are located _________ of myelinated axons.

Professor Winston is observing the effects of a new drug on neurons in the spinal cord that participate in reflexes by forming a bridge between incoming sensory information and outgoing motor commands.The neurons that Professor Winston is studying are most likely

Extracellular fluid is rich in

Compared with the myelin found on small diameter axons,the myelin coating axons of large diameter axons

Electrical synapses provide the ability to send only excitatory messages.What advantages are gained by having the ability to send both excitatory and inhibitory messages?

If a neuron is from a part of the brain known to be involved in learning,it is most likely a(n)

Multipolar neurons have _______________leaving the cell body.

In the resting cell,depicted in this figure,sodium is

The organelles responsible for providing energy for the cell are the

There are many more neurons than glia in the nervous system.

Pyramidal cells in the cerebral cortex are examples of

When chemical communication at a synapse is terminated by the recapture of neurotransmitter molecules by the presynaptic neuron,we refer to the process as

Knobs located on the dendrites that provide additional locations for synapses are known as

Introducing Biological Psychology

The Anatomy and Evolution of the Nervous System

Psychopharmacology

Genetics and the Development of the Human Brain

Vision

Nonvisual Sensation and Perception

Movement

Temperature Regulation,thirst,and Hunger

Sexual Behavior

Sleep and Waking

Learning and Memory

Lateralization, language, and Intelligence

Emotion, reward, aggression, and Stress

Neurological Disorders

Psychological Disorders

Filters