Question 1

When an axo-axonic synapse results in an increase of neurotransmitter released by a target axon,which of the following processes has occurred?

Accepted Answer

A)  temporal summation 
B)  spatial summation 
C)  presynaptic facilitation 
D)  presynaptic inhibition 
A)  temporal summation 
B)  spatial summation 
C)  presynaptic facilitation 
D)  presynaptic inhibition

Question 2

Protein structures located on the presynaptic neuron that monitor its activity level are known as

Accepted Answer

A)  ionotropic receptors. 
B)  metabotropic receptors. 
C)  autoreceptors. 
D)  transporter molecules. 
A)  ionotropic receptors. 
B)  metabotropic receptors. 
C)  autoreceptors. 
D)  transporter molecules.

Question 3

In exocytosis,what is one possible advantage of the "kiss and run" mode over the release of all neurotransmitter molecules in a vesicle?

Accepted Answer

A)  Signaling across the synapse is much faster. 
B)  Fewer action potentials are needed in order to signal. 
C)  Regaining the resting potential in the axon terminal occurs much faster. 
D)  Neurons need fewer autoreceptors. 
A)  Signaling across the synapse is much faster. 
B)  Fewer action potentials are needed in order to signal. 
C)  Regaining the resting potential in the axon terminal occurs much faster. 
D)  Neurons need fewer autoreceptors.

Question 4

Von Economo neurons are found in

Accepted Answer

A)  both invertebrates and vertebrates. 
B)  all vertebrates,but not in any invertebrates. 
C)  all mammals,but not in other types of animals. 
D)  humans and great apes,but not in other types of animals. 
A)  both invertebrates and vertebrates. 
B)  all vertebrates,but not in any invertebrates. 
C)  all mammals,but not in other types of animals. 
D)  humans and great apes,but not in other types of animals.

Question 5

When we find large numbers of mitochondria in a location,what can we infer about the processes that are occurring there?

Accepted Answer

Because mitochondria produce t

Question 6

The relative refractory period begins approximately _________ msec after the rise of the action potential.

Accepted Answer

A)  zero 
B)  1 
C)  2 
D)  3 
A)  zero 
B)  1 
C)  2 
D)  3

Question 7

If a membrane potential changes from -70 mV to -65 mV,

Accepted Answer

A)  hyperpolarization has occurred. 
B)  depolarization has occurred. 
C)  an action potential has occurred. 
D)  saltatory conduction has occurred. 
A)  hyperpolarization has occurred. 
B)  depolarization has occurred. 
C)  an action potential has occurred. 
D)  saltatory conduction has occurred.

Question 8

What characteristic of EPSPs makes temporal summation possible?

Accepted Answer

A)  EPSPs last a longer time than action potentials. 
B)  EPSPs are larger than action potentials. 
C)  EPSPs produce more movement of sodium than action potentials. 
D)  EPSPs do not have absolute refractory periods. 
A)  EPSPs last a longer time than action potentials. 
B)  EPSPs are larger than action potentials. 
C)  EPSPs produce more movement of sodium than action potentials. 
D)  EPSPs do not have absolute refractory periods.

Question 9

Electrical synapses are found in

Accepted Answer

A)  plants and invertebrates,but not vertebrates. 
B)  plants,invertebrates,and some vertebrates,not including mammals. 
C)  mammals only. 
D)  plants and all animals. 
A)  plants and invertebrates,but not vertebrates. 
B)  plants,invertebrates,and some vertebrates,not including mammals. 
C)  mammals only. 
D)  plants and all animals.

Question 10

Which of the following disorders is characterized by a progressive demyelination of the nervous system?

Accepted Answer

A)  Huntington's disease 
B)  Alzheimer's disease 
C)  multiple sclerosis 
D)  Parkinson's disease 
A)  Huntington's disease 
B)  Alzheimer's disease 
C)  multiple sclerosis 
D)  Parkinson's disease

Question 11

At the beginning of an action potential,sodium moves

Accepted Answer

A)  slowly into the cell,because electrical force is offset by diffusion. 
B)  rapidly into the cell,because both electrical force and diffusion will move sodium in the same direction. 
C)  slowly out of the cell,because as a positive ion,sodium remains attracted to the relatively negative intracellular environment. 
D)  rapidly out of the cell,because the sodium-potassium pumps are very active. 
A)  slowly into the cell,because electrical force is offset by diffusion. 
B)  rapidly into the cell,because both electrical force and diffusion will move sodium in the same direction. 
C)  slowly out of the cell,because as a positive ion,sodium remains attracted to the relatively negative intracellular environment. 
D)  rapidly out of the cell,because the sodium-potassium pumps are very active.

Question 12

Myelinated axons conduct action potentials about _________ unmyelinated axons do.

Accepted Answer

A)  as fast as 
B)  half as fast as 
C)  six times faster than 
D)  20 times faster than 
A)  as fast as 
B)  half as fast as 
C)  six times faster than 
D)  20 times faster than

Question 13

Which of the following statements correctly describes calcium's role in exocytosis?

Accepted Answer

A)  Calcium has no role in exocytosis. 
B)  Calcium stimulates autoreceptors. 
C)  Calcium releases synaptic vesicles from their protein anchors. 
D)  Calcium moves neurotransmitter molecules back into synaptic vesicles. 
A)  Calcium has no role in exocytosis. 
B)  Calcium stimulates autoreceptors. 
C)  Calcium releases synaptic vesicles from their protein anchors. 
D)  Calcium moves neurotransmitter molecules back into synaptic vesicles.

Question 14

A neuron may produce another action potential in response to larger than normal stimulation during the

Accepted Answer

A)  absolute refractory period. 
B)  relative refractory period. 
C)  depolarization phase of the action potential. 
D)  hyperpolarization phase of an action potential. 
A)  absolute refractory period. 
B)  relative refractory period. 
C)  depolarization phase of the action potential. 
D)  hyperpolarization phase of an action potential.

Question 15

Proteins produced in the cell body are packaged by the

Accepted Answer

A)  endoplasmic reticulum. 
B)  nucleolus. 
C)  mitochondria. 
D)  Golgi apparatus. 
A)  endoplasmic reticulum. 
B)  nucleolus. 
C)  mitochondria. 
D)  Golgi apparatus.

Question 16

The most common structural type of neuron in the vertebrate nervous system is the

Accepted Answer

A)  unipolar neuron. 
B)  bipolar neuron. 
C)  multipolar neuron. 
D)  astrocyte. 
A)  unipolar neuron. 
B)  bipolar neuron. 
C)  multipolar neuron. 
D)  astrocyte.

Question 17

Anterograde and retrograde transport within neurons occurs along

Accepted Answer

A)  microtubules. 
B)  neurofilaments. 
C)  microfilaments. 
D)  transport sites. 
A)  microtubules. 
B)  neurofilaments. 
C)  microfilaments. 
D)  transport sites.

Question 18

Synapses involving direct stimulation of adjacent cells without the use of special chemical messengers are known as _________ synapses.

Accepted Answer

A)  electrical 
B)  chemical 
C)  joined. 
D)  adjacent 
A)  electrical 
B)  chemical 
C)  joined. 
D)  adjacent

Question 19

The resting potential of neurons

Accepted Answer

A)  is always -70 mV. 
B)  can range from -70 to -110 mV. 
C)  can range from -40 to -80 mV. 
D)  is always +40 mV. 
A)  is always -70 mV. 
B)  can range from -70 to -110 mV. 
C)  can range from -40 to -80 mV. 
D)  is always +40 mV.

Question 20

Additional action potentials can occur in response to stronger-than-normal stimulation during a neuron's absolute refractory period.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

When an axo-axonic synapse results in an increase of neurotransmitter released by a target axon,which of the following processes has occurred?

Protein structures located on the presynaptic neuron that monitor its activity level are known as

In exocytosis,what is one possible advantage of the "kiss and run" mode over the release of all neurotransmitter molecules in a vesicle?

Von Economo neurons are found in

When we find large numbers of mitochondria in a location,what can we infer about the processes that are occurring there?

$The relative refractory period begins approximately _ msec after the rise of the action potential.$ The relative refractory period begins approximately _ msec after the rise of the action potential.

If a membrane potential changes from -70 mV to -65 mV,

What characteristic of EPSPs makes temporal summation possible?

Electrical synapses are found in

Which of the following disorders is characterized by a progressive demyelination of the nervous system?

At the beginning of an action potential,sodium moves

Myelinated axons conduct action potentials about _________ unmyelinated axons do.

Which of the following statements correctly describes calcium's role in exocytosis?

A neuron may produce another action potential in response to larger than normal stimulation during the

Proteins produced in the cell body are packaged by the

The most common structural type of neuron in the vertebrate nervous system is the

Anterograde and retrograde transport within neurons occurs along

Synapses involving direct stimulation of adjacent cells without the use of special chemical messengers are known as _________ synapses.

The resting potential of neurons

Additional action potentials can occur in response to stronger-than-normal stimulation during a neuron's absolute refractory period.

Introducing Biological Psychology

The Anatomy and Evolution of the Nervous System

Psychopharmacology

Genetics and the Development of the Human Brain

Vision

Nonvisual Sensation and Perception

Movement

Temperature Regulation,thirst,and Hunger

Sexual Behavior

Sleep and Waking

Learning and Memory

Lateralization, language, and Intelligence

Emotion, reward, aggression, and Stress

Neurological Disorders

Psychological Disorders

Filters

Exam 3: Cells of the Nervous System

When an axo-axonic synapse results in an increase of neurotransmitter released by a target axon,which of the following processes has occurred?

Protein structures located on the presynaptic neuron that monitor its activity level are known as

In exocytosis,what is one possible advantage of the "kiss and run" mode over the release of all neurotransmitter molecules in a vesicle?

Von Economo neurons are found in

When we find large numbers of mitochondria in a location,what can we infer about the processes that are occurring there?

The relative refractory period begins approximately _________ msec after the rise of the action potential.

If a membrane potential changes from -70 mV to -65 mV,

What characteristic of EPSPs makes temporal summation possible?

Electrical synapses are found in

Which of the following disorders is characterized by a progressive demyelination of the nervous system?

At the beginning of an action potential,sodium moves

Myelinated axons conduct action potentials about _________ unmyelinated axons do.

Which of the following statements correctly describes calcium's role in exocytosis?

A neuron may produce another action potential in response to larger than normal stimulation during the

Proteins produced in the cell body are packaged by the

The most common structural type of neuron in the vertebrate nervous system is the

Anterograde and retrograde transport within neurons occurs along

Synapses involving direct stimulation of adjacent cells without the use of special chemical messengers are known as _________ synapses.

The resting potential of neurons

Additional action potentials can occur in response to stronger-than-normal stimulation during a neuron's absolute refractory period.

Introducing Biological Psychology

The Anatomy and Evolution of the Nervous System

Psychopharmacology

Genetics and the Development of the Human Brain

Vision

Nonvisual Sensation and Perception

Movement

Temperature Regulation,thirst,and Hunger

Sexual Behavior

Sleep and Waking

Learning and Memory

Lateralization, language, and Intelligence

Emotion, reward, aggression, and Stress

Neurological Disorders

Psychological Disorders

Filters

$The relative refractory period begins approximately _ msec after the rise of the action potential.$ The relative refractory period begins approximately _ msec after the rise of the action potential.