Question 1

Alcohol acts as a diuretic because it ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  is not reabsorbed by the tubule cells 
B)  inhibits the release of ADH 
C)  increases the rate of glomerular filtration 
D)  increases secretion of ADH 
A)  is not reabsorbed by the tubule cells 
B)  inhibits the release of ADH 
C)  increases the rate of glomerular filtration 
D)  increases secretion of ADH

Question 2

An increase in the permeability of the cells of the collecting tubule to water is due to a(n)________.

Accepted Answer

A)  increase in the production of ADH 
B)  decrease in the concentration of the blood plasma 
C)  increase in the production of aldosterone 
D)  decrease in the production of ADH 
A)  increase in the production of ADH 
B)  decrease in the concentration of the blood plasma 
C)  increase in the production of aldosterone 
D)  decrease in the production of ADH

Question 3

The chief force pushing water and solutes out of the blood across the filtration membrane is ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  the ionic electrochemical gradient 
B)  glomerular hydrostatic pressure (glomerular blood pressure) 
C)  protein-regulated diffusion 
D)  the size of the pores in the basement membrane of the capillaries 
A)  the ionic electrochemical gradient 
B)  glomerular hydrostatic pressure (glomerular blood pressure) 
C)  protein-regulated diffusion 
D)  the size of the pores in the basement membrane of the capillaries

Question 4

The need to get up in the middle of the night to urinate is called ________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The need to get up in the...

Question 5

An excessive urine output is called anuria.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

A 58-year-old woman complains of loss of urine when coughing and sneezing,and during exercise.She has had three children.Describe the possible causes of urinary incontinence in this patient.

Accepted Answer

Stress incontinence is found most common

Question 7

If one says that the clearance value of glucose is zero,what does this mean?

Accepted Answer

A)  Normally all the glucose is reabsorbed. 
B)  The clearance value of glucose is relatively high in a healthy adult. 
C)  The glucose molecule is too large to be filtered out of the blood. 
D)  Most of the glucose is filtered out of the blood and is not reabsorbed in the convoluted tubules. 
A)  Normally all the glucose is reabsorbed. 
B)  The clearance value of glucose is relatively high in a healthy adult. 
C)  The glucose molecule is too large to be filtered out of the blood. 
D)  Most of the glucose is filtered out of the blood and is not reabsorbed in the convoluted tubules.

Question 8

The myogenic mechanism reflects the tendency of vascular smooth muscle to stretch.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

Which of the choices below is not a function of the urinary system?

Accepted Answer

A)  helps maintain homeostasis by controlling the composition, volume, and pressure of blood 
B)  maintains blood osmolarity 
C)  regulates blood glucose levels and produces hormones 
D)  eliminates solid, undigested wastes and excretes carbon dioxide, water, salts, and heat 
A)  helps maintain homeostasis by controlling the composition, volume, and pressure of blood 
B)  maintains blood osmolarity 
C)  regulates blood glucose levels and produces hormones 
D)  eliminates solid, undigested wastes and excretes carbon dioxide, water, salts, and heat

Question 10

Obligatory water reabsorption involves the movement of water along an osmotic gradient.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

Match the following:
-Play a role in urine concentration.

Accepted Answer

A) Glomerular capillaries 
B) Vasa recta 
C) Afferent arterioles 
D) Peritubular capillaries 
E) Efferent arterioles 
A) Glomerular capillaries 
B) Vasa recta 
C) Afferent arterioles 
D) Peritubular capillaries 
E) Efferent arterioles

Question 12

An 18 year old patient has a complaint of painful urination,fever,chills,and back pain.This is her second urinary tract infection (UTI)within 5 months.How can the RN instruct the patient on prevention of another UTI?

Accepted Answer

Escherichia coli are normal residents of

Question 13

Figure 25.1
Using Figure 25.1, match the following:
-Collecting duct.

Accepted Answer

A) B 
B) C 
C) A 
D) D 
E) E 
A) B 
B) C 
C) A 
D) D 
E) E

Question 14

Which of the following is not reabsorbed by the proximal convoluted tubule?

Accepted Answer

A)  K+ 
B)  Na+ 
C)  creatinine 
D)  glucose 
A)  K+ 
B)  Na+ 
C)  creatinine 
D)  glucose

Question 15

Figure 25.2
Using Figure 25.2, match the following:
-Collecting duct cells.

Accepted Answer

A) E 
B) C 
C) D 
D) B 
E) A 
A) E 
B) C 
C) D 
D) B 
E) A

Question 16

Which of the choices below is the salt level-monitoring part of the nephron?

Accepted Answer

A)  nephron loop 
B)  vasa recta 
C)  principal cell 
D)  macula densa 
A)  nephron loop 
B)  vasa recta 
C)  principal cell 
D)  macula densa

Question 17

Match the following:
-May form meandering vessels or bundles of long straight vessels.

Accepted Answer

A) Glomerular capillaries 
B) Vasa recta 
C) Afferent arterioles 
D) Peritubular capillaries 
E) Efferent arterioles 
A) Glomerular capillaries 
B) Vasa recta 
C) Afferent arterioles 
D) Peritubular capillaries 
E) Efferent arterioles

Question 18

Which of the following is the correct sequence of kidney development from embryo to fetus?

Accepted Answer

A)  mesonephros, metanephros, pronephros 
B)  pronephros, metanephros, mesonephros 
C)  pronephros, mesonephros, metanephros 
D)  mesonephros, pronephros, metanephros 
A)  mesonephros, metanephros, pronephros 
B)  pronephros, metanephros, mesonephros 
C)  pronephros, mesonephros, metanephros 
D)  mesonephros, pronephros, metanephros

Question 19

Figure 25.1
Using Figure 25.1, match the following:
-Glomerulus.

Accepted Answer

A) B 
B) C 
C) A 
D) D 
E) E 
A) B 
B) C 
C) A 
D) D 
E) E

Question 20

Which of the following is the best explanation for why the cells of the proximal convoluted tubule (PCT)contain so many mitochondria?

Accepted Answer

A)  Cells of the PCT go through a great deal of mitosis. 
B)  A great deal of active transport takes place in the PCT. 
C)  Contraction of the PCT moves filtrate through the tubule. 
D)  This provides the energy needed to fight kidney infection. 
A)  Cells of the PCT go through a great deal of mitosis. 
B)  A great deal of active transport takes place in the PCT. 
C)  Contraction of the PCT moves filtrate through the tubule. 
D)  This provides the energy needed to fight kidney infection.

Exam 25: The Urinary System

Alcohol acts as a diuretic because it ________.

An increase in the permeability of the cells of the collecting tubule to water is due to a(n)________.

The chief force pushing water and solutes out of the blood across the filtration membrane is ________.

The need to get up in the middle of the night to urinate is called ________.

An excessive urine output is called anuria.

A 58-year-old woman complains of loss of urine when coughing and sneezing,and during exercise.She has had three children.Describe the possible causes of urinary incontinence in this patient.

If one says that the clearance value of glucose is zero,what does this mean?

The myogenic mechanism reflects the tendency of vascular smooth muscle to stretch.

Which of the choices below is not a function of the urinary system?

Obligatory water reabsorption involves the movement of water along an osmotic gradient.

Match the following: -Play a role in urine concentration.

An 18 year old patient has a complaint of painful urination,fever,chills,and back pain.This is her second urinary tract infection (UTI)within 5 months.How can the RN instruct the patient on prevention of another UTI?

Figure 25.1 Using Figure 25.1, match the following: -Collecting duct.

Which of the following is not reabsorbed by the proximal convoluted tubule?

Figure 25.2 Using Figure 25.2, match the following: -Collecting duct cells.

Which of the choices below is the salt level-monitoring part of the nephron?

Match the following: -May form meandering vessels or bundles of long straight vessels.

Which of the following is the correct sequence of kidney development from embryo to fetus?

Figure 25.1 Using Figure 25.1, match the following: -Glomerulus.

Which of the following is the best explanation for why the cells of the proximal convoluted tubule (PCT)contain so many mitochondria?

The Human Body: an Orientation

Chemistry Comes Alive

Cells: the Living Units

Tissue: the Living Fabric

The Integumentary System

Bones and Skeletal Tissue

The Skeleton

Joints

Muscles and Muscle Tissue

The Muscular System

Fundamentals of the Nervous System and Nervous Tissue

The Central Nervous System

The Peripheral Nervous System and Reflex Activity

The Autonomic Nervous System

The Special Senses

The Endocrine System

Blood

The Cardiovascular System: the Heart

The Cardiovascular System: Blood Vessels

The Lymphatic System and Lymphoid Organs and Tissues

The Immune System: Innate and Adaptive Body Defenses

The Respiratory System

The Digestive System

Nutrition,metabolism,and Body Temperature Regulation

Fluid,electrolyte,and Acid-Base Balance

The Reproductive System

Pregnancy and Human Development

Heredity

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